Vehicle Safety and Collision Warning system

1
Vehicle Safety and Collision Warning system

• Diana H. Tsai
• Managing Director
• Integration Technology Laboratory
• Institute for Information Industry

2
Contents

• Preface
• Research on collision techniques
• Technical R D
• Updates of vehicle safety aid systems
• Updates of e-Car development
• AVICS (Advanced Vehicle Information
  Communication System)
• ? Value Chain ? System Features
• ? Software System ? Hardware Specs
• Conclusions

3
Preface

• Studies suggest that drivers negligence causes
  some 40 of traffic accidents on Taiwans road.
  Taiwan needs a vehicle safety system for its
  roads and drivers.  
• With respect to the development of vehicle
  collision warning system, this office(ITL
  Lab)conducted a test on the prototype of an
  infrared light laser system last year. In January
  this year, a physical test was conducted,
  initiating Taiwans R D in this field.

4
Research on collision techniques

• Sensors available at this time operate mainly on
  Ultrasonics, passive infrared, Laser Radar, FMCW
  Radar, Impulse Radar and Vision systems.
• UltrasonicsThese sensors work by measuring the
  time-to-flight of a short burst of sound
  energy.The headway distance is obtained by
  measuring the time between transmitting a pulse
  and receiving a reflection. Their main advantage
  is their relative low cost and small size
  however certain target are likely to go
  undetected because of their poor reflection.
  These sensors are also very sensitive to
  variations in temperature.

5
Research on collision techniques (Continued)

• Passive InfraredThese sensors measure the
  thermal energy by objects in the vicinity of the
  sensor. Their main advantage is their low cost
  and small size , but they are unable to determine
  precisely the distance to any detected object,
  and they have a slow response time.
• Laser RadarTwo techniques exist one uses a high
  power pulsed beam of infrared light, while in the
  other the amplitude of the light is modulated
  with a sine wave. The pulsed technique offers
  long range, high directionality and fast response
  time. Its limitations are its high cost,
  sensibility to external conditions ( mud, poor,
  visibility ), and the need to keep the laser
  power within safe levels.
• FMCW RadarThis type of radar uses modulated high
  frequencies ( typically microwave frequencies ),
  so that the frequency difference between the
  reflected and the transmitted signal is
  proportional to the distance to the object ahead.
  In addition, the Doppler shift on the reflected
  signal can be used to determine the relative
  speed between the vehicle and the object ahead.
  Despite its high cost, this technique offers the
  advantages of being insensitive to mud and poor
  visibility conditions, and to allow the beam
  width to be modified depending on the particular
  application.

6
Research on collision techniques (Continued)

• Impulse RadarThis radar from the one above in
  that it uses very short pulses instead of a
  continuous wave.It performs as well as the FMCW
  radar in terms of environmental immunity. By
  using lower frequency electronics, a resolution
  similar to that of the FMCM radar can be
  obtained, at a fraction of the cost. However,
  this technique presents a sensible diminution in
  maximum range (50 m.instead of 200m), and is
  susceptible to external electromagnetic
  interference.
• Vision SystemsThese techniques are based on the
  use of a video camera and image processing
  software. Their high cost and high sensitivity to
  external environmental effects makes their use
  unlikely in most vehicle applications, Another
  problem is the large amount of power needed to
  process the images.

7
Research on collision techniques (Continued)
Source http//www.path.berkeley.edu/
8
Technical R D

• To cope with Taiwans R D environment and
  technical capability as well as its financial
  status, the laser radar vehicle collision
  technique contained referred in this project
  consists of transmitter, receiver, signal
  processing circuit, power supply circuit, display
  and speed sensor etc. Please refer to ISO/TC
  204/WG 14N 144.16 for specifications and test
  methods as well as Taiwans technical capability.

9
Technical R D (Continued)
10
Technical R D (Continued)
11
Technical R D (Continued)Pictures
12
Technical R D (Continued)Collision Arithmetic
Analysis

• Vehicle speed 100km/hr
• Front vehicle speed 90km/hr
• Deceleration 0.75G
• Safety allowance 2m

13
Technical R D (Continued)Collision Arithmetic
Analysis

• In different tailing distances, the safety
  warning value shall vary along with drivers
  response time.

60
50
40
30
20
10
14
Technical R D (Continued)Collision Arithmetic
Analysis

• In different driver response times, the safety
  warning value shall increase along with
  increased tailing distance.

0.4
0.8
1.2
1.6
2.0
2.4
15
Technical R D (Continued)Static Test
Warning Test
Target Identi- Test
16
Technical R D (Continued)Dynamic Test
Dynamic Test
17
Technical R D (Continued)Road Test
Road Test
18
Technical R D (Continued)Design Limitation

• As an onboard system, it is subject to high
  temperature, unsteady current and reduced space.
  Besides, the system performance is vulnerable to
  weather and external environment such as fog,
  rain and dust.

19
Updates of Vehicle Safety Aid Systems
20
Updates of Vehicle Safety Aid Systems (Continued)

• Chungshan Institute of Science Technology
• With successful works on air bags, this agency is
  now working on technologies in association with
  ASV products.
• Industry Technology Research Institute
• This agency is dedicated to developing engines,
  electric scooters, batteries and chargers.
• Vehicle Research Test Center
• This agency is dedicated to the preparation of
  vehicle laws, standards and test capabilities as
  part of the infrastructure of the industry.
• Universities and colleges
• he Chiaotung University, National Taiwan
  University and Dayeh University are sponsored by
  the government in researches on ASV technologies
  and products.

21
Updates of Vehicle Safety Aid Systems (Continued)

• IVSS, Integrated Vehicle Safety System is key to
  a successful Intelligent Transportation System.
  It involves researches of many fields, such as
  vehicle computer, wireless communication,
  information integration, vehicle collision
  avoidance and safety warning. This laboratory
  aims to launching an effective onboard collision
  avoidance system as a way to enhance traffic
  safety by minimizing traffic accidents in Taiwan.
  To make this come true, this laboratory will keep
  on improving the vehicle safety aid system
  launched last by working with the local
  automobile industry and information industry.

22
AVICS (Advanced Vehicle Information
Communication System)
23
Value Chain
24
System Features

• Navigation
• Mobile Internet
• Voice E-Mail Service
• Instant Message Service
• Multimedia Entertainment Service
• (DVD,VCD,Audio CD,MP3)
• FM/AM/DAB Car Radio
• Hands-Free/Auto-Dial Unit for Cellular Phone
• Dialogue Traveler Information Service
• Reverse Drive Rear Mirror Display

25
Software System

• Operation SystemLinux
• Navigation System
• Mobile Communication System
• E-car Internet Browser
• Entertainment Control System
• Continuous ASR Engine
• Natural Language Processing Engine

26
Hardware Specs

• SizeOne-DIN
• Operating Temperature-40? 60?
• Storage Temperature60? 85?
• Humidity5 95 (40?)
• Response Time10 20 Sec.
• CPUHitachi SH4 Processor
• LCD Screen(7 169, 480X234, 400nit)
• Touch Screen
• (Visible Light Transmission over 80)
• Wireless Communication Module
• (GSM, GPRS, 3G)
• GPS Antenna, GPS Receiver, Gyro,
• Car Speed Signal Input
• MPEG 1, MPEG 2, MP3 Decoder Chip
• DVD-ROM
• CCD Camera
• Multi Sound Signal Input/Switch
• OptionAnti-Noise Microphone unit

27
Conclusions

• The Laser radar technology applied on the vehicle
  front collision avoidance system may not meet all
  vehicle safety requirements, its low cost,
  sophisticated technology and efficiency make it
  worth promoting in the local market.
• The compact, lightweight and all-weather
  millimeter wave collision avoidance radar system
  is the new trend in Europe and the U.S.
• The powerful semiconductor industry and
  automobile electronics industry in Taiwan working
  together with international firms will surely
  upgrade Taiwans R D and make the automobile
  industry boom.