Safety Regulations for the Storage, Packaging, and Transport of Gas - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

1 / 36
About This Presentation
Title:

Safety Regulations for the Storage, Packaging, and Transport of Gas

Description:

The moving of the canisters to the loading machine by the workers caused sparks, ... b. Are there any canister expiration date violations? ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

Number of Views:56
Avg rating:3.0/5.0
Slides: 37
Provided by: NFA88
Category:

less

Transcript and Presenter's Notes

Title: Safety Regulations for the Storage, Packaging, and Transport of Gas


1
Safety Regulations for the Storage, Packaging,
and Transport of Gas
  • Sponsor Ministry of the Interior
  • Co-Sponsor
  • Council of Labor Affairs, Executive Yuan
  • Energy Committee, Ministry of Economic Affairs

2
Organizational Structure
  • 1. Background Explanation
  • 2.Enforcement Status (prior cases, analysis of
    related regulations)
  • 3. Problem Analysis
  • 4. Policy Planning and Suggestions
  • 5. Standard Procedure in Related Topics
  • (Disaster prevention, emergency response, follow
    up investigation and evaluation)
  • 6. Established Examination System and Protocol
  • 7. Future Objectives and Vision

3
1. Background Explanation
  • L.P.G. is the abbreviation of Liquefied Petroleum
    Gas. This type of gas is normally stored and
    transported under high pressure, and returns to
    its normal gaseous state after decompression.
  • L.P.G. is composed of propane or butane, or a
    mixture of the two. The burning range of propane
    in air is from 2.15 - 9.60, and its combustion
    point is 493?604?. The burning range of butane
    in air is 1.558.60, and its combustion point
    is 482?538?.
  • It is commonly believed that L.P.G. is not
    poisonous, however can cause asphyxiation if
    stored in narrow, unventilated areas. L.P.G. is
    odorless, although scented materials are commonly
    added during its transport or storage.

4
  • 4. The proportional weight of L.P.G. is 0.509
    0.582 (at 15.5?, where water 1), so it floats
    in water when compressed. The proportional weight
    of its vapor is 1.52 2.01 (at 15.5?, where air
    1), so it collects on the ground or low areas.
  • L.P.G. in containers can easily result in
    B.L.E.V.E (Boiling Liquid Expanding Vapor
    Explosion).
  • The purpose of this case is to enforce safety
    regulations for the storage and transport of
    L.P.G., conduct regular fire safety equipment and
    storage examinations, removal of expired
    canisters, and conduct training for storage and
    transport personnel. These regulations provide
    measures for ordinary disaster prevention,
    disaster protocol, as well as post-disaster
    matters in an effort to reduce the occurrence of
    L.P.G. leak related disasters, and ensure public
    safety.

5
2. Enforcement Status
  • Prior cases The explosion at the Guan-Cheng
    Loading Factory in Shi Lin of Taipei County and
    the gas truck explosion at the Yin-Yuan Bei-Yi
    Xing-Ye Ltd. L.P.G. loading factory in Kaohsiung
    were both examples of disasters that occurred due
    to the negligence of gas truck driver. The
    driver moved the truck away from the filling
    platform without noticing that the filling
    mechanism on the rear of the truck had not been
    removed, which caused the gas lines to snap,
    leaking large amounts of gas. The snapped
    connector scraped against the ground as the truck
    moved forward, producing sparks, which then
    ignited the L.P.G. When heated, the contained
    L.P.G. rapidly expanded into gas, causing the
    container to burst. The great amount of L.P.G.
    resulted in the explosion tragedy.
  • Analysis of related regulations
  • A. The person in charge at the L.P.G.
    loading factory should provide a safe and
    sanitary workplace for employees following
    employee safety and sanitary regulations.
  • B. The person in charge should provide
    safety and sanitation planning, as required by
    the Examination Measures for Dangerous
    Workplaces, as well as complete plans in
    production safety evaluation, emergency protocol,
    and examination. Operations may only be conducted
    after examination by a workplace examination
    institution.

6
  • 3. L.P.G. transport vehicle drivers and loading
    factory personnel should prevent disasters by
    conducting regular training following employee
    safety and sanitation training regulations.
  • 4. L.P.G. loading industries that are larger than
    the regulation scale should conduct fire
    prevention measures as required by fire
    prevention regulations. Such industries should
    hire fire prevention managers, and establish fire
    prevention plans. In addition, they should
    conduct fire escape facility inspections every
    month, maintain fire safety equipment, and
    conduct fire drills for factory employees at
    least once every six months (including
    extinguishing the fire, report of the fire, and
    evacuation).
  • 5. The fire prevention institution should conduct
    regular inspection of fire safety equipment and
    container storage facilities, and remove expired
    items or items in violation of the law according
    to fire safety regulations, fire safety equipment
    standards, and other regulations regarding
    storage standards and management policy for
    dangerous and flammable high pressure gasses.

7
3. Problem Analysis
  • Lack of training for L.P.G. container truck
    drivers
  • There should be personnel specifically
    responsible for the loading and unloading of
    L.P.G.
  • Employers and personnel should adhere to Article
    86 of High Pressure Employee Safety Regulations
    by safeguarding against gas leakage or
    explosions, as well as verify that the
    container vehicles do not leave the platform
    before the containers have been disconnected from
    the unloading equipment.
  • There have been no applications for safe
    connecting equipment or safety measures for the
    loading of L.P.G.
  • There should be personnel specifically
    responsible for coordination with fire safety
    personnel, providing disaster information in an
    effort to facilitate emergency measures.

8
4. Policy Planning and Suggestions
  • Improve risk control system
  • A. The Ministry of Interior, Ministry of
    Economic Affairs, Council of Labor Affairs, and
    local government should gather information
    regarding disasters and causes of disasters for
    the purpose of research in the areas of possible
    disaster prevention measures, risk management,
    and other disaster prevention techniques.
  • B. The Ministry of Interior, Council of
    Labor Affairs, and local government should
    organize a monitoring system for the purpose of
    conducting examinations in the areas of employee
    safety and sanitation and fire safety management.
  • Improve the promotion and guidance for loading
    factories and personnel.
  • A. Local governments should establish
    disaster prevention measures, and should promote
    such systems, conduct related seminars, or
    provide other related assistance.
  • B. Fire prevention institutions should
    improve promotion of compliance with L.P.G.
    expiration dates and should conduct regular
    container inspection, as well as promote fire
    prevention protocol.

9
  • C. Employee inspection institutions should
    verify that L.P.G. container trucks are not in
    motion before conducting loading and unloading
    procedure at loading plants (for example parking
    the vehicle, removing the keys, pulling the
    emergency brake, as well as use of a tire wedge
    to prevent the vehicle from moving).
  • D. All related institutions should promote the
    installation of safety pipe connectors.
  • 3. Improve emergency personnel training Fire
    prevention institutions should be completely
    familiar with the locations of stored L.P.G. and
    fire safety equipment, conduct disaster training
    for disasters that could possibly occur, and draw
    up plans including emergency deployment diagrams,
    emergency measures, and vehicle deployment
    methods. This shall enable them to quickly take
    control of disaster situations.

10
5. Standard Procedure in Related Topics
  • Situation Determination
  • The L.P.G container truck began to move away from
    the loading area before the tubing had been
    disconnected after the completion of L.P.G
    storage in the loading plant. Due to the fact
    that there was no safety connector attached, nor
    were there any other safety measures, the loading
    tube became torn, causing L.P.G to leak in great
    amounts. The broken connecter then scraped
    against the ground as the truck moved forward,
    creating sparks, and igniting the L.P.G.
  • When the workers were loading the L.P.G into
    containers, they neglected to first verify the
    inspection date of the canister or conduct an
    examination of the exterior of the canisters. In
    addition, the workers left the working platform
    during loading. At this time, L.P.G began to leak
    in large amounts from the base of the containers.
    The moving of the canisters to the loading
    machine by the workers caused sparks, which
    ignited the L.P.G. into flames.

11
1. Disaster Prevention
  • Safety Management in the Loading Area
  • 1. The county and city governments shall
    investigate all equipment and safety distances
    in the site location during application for
    establishment for a L.P.G. loading plant to make
    sure that they adhere to Chinese Country
    Standards - L.P.G. Loading Plant Facility Safety
    Standards by the Bureau of Standards, Metrology,
    and Inspection. Licenses shall be granted only to
    passing inspections.
  • 2. Local fire prevention institutions
    shall conduct regular and surprise inspections in
    the loading plants of their jurisdiction. The
    National Fire Administration shall also conduct
    surprise spot checks, making the appropriate
    arrangements upon discovery of violations. Should
    there be a reoccurrence of a severe violation
    more than four times, the local fire prevention
    institution shall report the matter to the county
    (or city) government, who shall then punish the
    violator by commanding them the cease operation
    or usage of the item in violation. The main
    examination points are as follows

12
  • a. Does the fire safety equipment follow related
    regulations?
  • b. Are there any canister expiration date
    violations?
  • c. Are the size, structure, and equipment of the
    storage area all in accordance with regulations?
  • d. Is a L.P.G. storage area certification being
    used in the storage area, as required by law?
  • e. Is container storage area management being
    utilized?
  • 3. Consideration shall be given to the amount of
    space appropriated for L.P.G. container trucks to
    enter and exit the loading area. The trucks
    should not negatively affect the traffic and
    procedure of the surrounding pathways.
  • 4. Loading plants shall establish and conduct
    regular container testing and automatic
    examination systems in L.P.G. storage and
    manufacture plants. In addition, they should also
    follow L.P.G. related transport safety
    regulations.

13
  • Employee Safety in the Loading Plant
  • A. The responsible party in loading plants
    shall establish organizational structure for
    emergency response teams and notification
    systems.
  • 1. Suitable emergency response teams
    shall be established during normal operations to
    quickly and appropriately respond in the
    occurrence of a disaster.
  • 2. Suitable emergency notification
    systems and training shall be established during
    normal operations. In addition, frequent contact
    shall be made with the police and fire prevention
    authorities so that assistance may be sought
    quickly when it is required.
  • B. Local labor inspection institutions shall
    be responsible for conducting employee safety and
    health examinations for loading plants under
    their jurisdiction, and shall handle any
    violations according to law.
  • C. Local labor inspection institutions
    shall be responsible for monitoring the safety
    and health training in loading plants, as
    required by law.

14
  • 3. Disaster Prevention Training and Promotion
  • A. Professionals designated by the parties
    responsible for loading plants shall be
    responsible for a training program providing
    training to new employees.
  • B. The safety training for new employees
    should be conducted by the shift (team) director.
  • C. L.P.G. loading Plants shall conduct
    training for normal employees at least once a
    year.
  • D. The responsible party of a L.P.G. loading
    plant shall establish an emergency plan, as
    required by Chinese Country Standards- L.P.G.
    Loading Plant Facility Safety Standards, and
    should conduct at least one training session a
    month, which should be recorded and filed.

15
  • E. Loading plant workers shall verify that the
    exterior of canisters are acceptable in
    appearance, and that they have not reached their
    expiry date before the loading of L.P.G., as to
    avoid danger during loading.
  • F. L.P.G. loading plant personnel safety training
    shall be conducted as following
  • a. Select training topics and locations
  • b. Conduct examination verify content of
    the safety training
  • c. Compose evaluation standards and safety
    training plan.
  • d. Conduct training including accident
    indication, where trainees must think about
    deployment procedure, as well as on-site
    training.
  • e. Compose emergency response plan

16
  • 2. Local labor inspection institutions and fire
    prevention institutions shall plan disaster
    situation and response measures in advance for
    loading plants under their jurisdiction, and
    conduct regular training and simulation exercises
    for personnel in related institutions and
    factories.
  • 3. The Council of Labor Affairs shall improve
    disaster prevention training, specifically in the
    areas of loading risks and dangers, as to improve
    the promotion and guidance of disaster prevention
    in the industry.
  • 4. Local labor inspection institutions shall
    conduct promotion, seminars, or provide other
    assistance in coordination with employee safety
    and health report examinations. In addition, they
    shall oversee the composition of disaster
    prevention manuals in specially designated
    loading plants so that they may establish an
    independent disaster prevention system. Fire
    prevention institutions shall conduct regular
    evaluation of disaster prevention in L.P.G.
    loading plants, as well as provide guidance when
    necessary.

17
2. Emergency Response
  • Emergency Procedure in L.P.G. Loading Plants
    conduct emergency response procedure and
    immediately notify related institutions to deal
    with the situation.
  • 1. Response to large container leaks in
    loading plants.
  • 2. Response to pipe or valve leaks in
    loading plants.
  • 3. Response to leaks in the loading
    devices.
  • a. small leaks
  • b. large leaks
  • 4. Response to fires caused by gas
    leakage.
  • B. Local Fire Prevention Institution Duties
  • 1. Disaster relief, dispatch from the
    rescue command center
  • 2. Initial mobilization of fire chief and
    personnel

18
  • 3. Initial communication and report to fire
    chief request for support when necessary
  • 4. Deployment of vehicles and equipment by fire
    chief priority should be given to search and
    rescue duties.
  • 5. Disaster prevention and alert by disaster
    relief personnel.
  • 6. Command authority designation and transfer
    regulation.
  • 7. Respond to items that should be given
    attention during gas leaks in large containers or
    gas trucks in L.P.G. loading plants. S
  • 8. Container truck accidents response to
    situations in which there was no leakage or fire.
  • 9. Container truck accidents response to
    situations in which there was gas or vapor
    leakage, yet no fire.
  • 10. Response to gas leaks that have set afire.
  • 11. L.P.G. leak incidents Cool the storage
    temperature, and stop the leakage of gas. In
    situations where it is necessary to extinguish
    fire on victims, dry fire extinguishing powder
    may be used, however the gas leak problem still
    exists.

19
  • 12. In cases where the surface of the container
    is exposed to radiated heat or other sources of
    heat, one should apply a sufficient amount of
    water to cool it down. Approach the container
    laterally and cool off the container body,
    hosing, and valves.
  • 13. Response guidelines for leakage which has
    caught fire.
  • 14. In cases where the valve that can stop the
    leakage is surrounded in flames, large amounts of
    mist can be used to protect the emergency relief
    crew as they attempt to shut it off. During this
    procedure, emergency personnel should proceed
    slowly and carefully, as to prevent being
    surrounded by spreading flames.
  • 15. B.L.E.V.E. usually occurs in twisted metal
    structures or thinning vapor environments even
    during a fire, except in instances in which the
    container has tipped over or relief valve has
    been damaged.
  • 16. Cautionary items during circumstances in
    which the fire is located above or below the
    containers.
  • 17. Canisters that have already been tipped over
    should not be placed upright unless the L.P.G.
    has already been completely removed.

20
  • 18. Fire prevention personnel should adhere to
    the following procedure when dealing with L.P.G.
    canister leaks and fires
  • a. Verify the status of leakage and fire
  • b. Look for symptoms of canister
    explosion
  • c. Reactionary measures to fires caused
    by L.P.G. canister leakages in the loading
    plant.
  • d. Reactionary measures to fires caused
    by L.P.G. canister leakages in vehicles.
  • e. Reactionary measures to fires caused
    by L.P.G. canister leakages in homes.

21
  • C. Labor Inspection Institution Duties Labor
    institution disaster intervention, report, and
    case registration procedures
  • Labor inspection institutions should immediately
    fill out the Major Work-Place Disaster Report
    Form, and fax it to the Council of Labor Affairs
    after receiving report or otherwise discovering
    an instance of a major industrial disaster.
  • Inspection institutions shall notify personnel as
    required by Emergency Disaster Report Protocol
    based on the severity of the disaster. Personnel
    shall be dispatched to the disaster site
    immediately to fill out the Initial Disaster
    Examination Report, and e-mail it back to the
    Council of Labor Affairs.
  • Inspection personnel shall make an hourly report
    of disaster status and cleanup results.

22
  • 4. Disasters occurring on non-working days that
    are reported by digital media should be reported
    immediately. In addition, personnel should be
    dispatched to compose the initial disaster
    examination report, and send it to the home of
    the director of the Department of Labor
    Inspection, Council of Labor Affairs.
  • 5. The inspectors shall submit the major disaster
    report to the chief inspector, and the chief
    inspector shall immediately dispatch personnel to
    the site for inspection.
  • 6. The Major Disaster File Collection System
    Form shall be created in the registered files
    computer for upkeeping.

23
  • D. Other Related Intervention Matters
  • The Environmental Protection Bureau shall be
    responsible for undertaking environmental
    pollution tests the Bureau of Public Health
    shall conduct medical treatment for the victims
    police bureaus shall keep order on the disaster
    site, and conduct traffic local labor inspection
    institutions shall conduct storage safety tests.
    In addition, other related institutions or
    private organizations shall be called upon for
    related tasks based on the severity of the
    situation.

24
2. Caution lines shall be drawn around the
disaster area. Reporters shall be prohibited from
using items which are fire hazards, to prevent
explosion. The surrounding crowd may be
immediately dispersed if necessary. In severe
disasters where there are injured personnel, the
emergency medical treatment and county/city
support systems shall be activated. If the
disaster is still unable to be contained, the
Ministry of Interior (National Fire Assembly)
shall be notified immediately for coordinated
personnel dispatch.
25
  • E. Government Institution Emergency Disaster
    Report Duties (Emergency Disaster Report
    Protocol)
  • Magnitude of disaster and report level
  • Report related tasks
  • a. Fire prevention report system
  • b. Disaster authority report system
  • Central Department Emergency Response Authority
  • 1. Ministry of Interior
  • 2. Ministry of National Defense
  • 3. Ministry of Economic Affairs

26
4. Ministry of Transportation and
Communication 5. Government Information Office 6.
Department of Health, Executive Yuan 7.
Environmental Protection Administration,
Executive Yuan
27
3.Follow-up Investigation and Evaluation
  • A. Fire Prevention Institution Follow-up
    Investigation and Evaluation
  • County/City Fire Department Investigation and
    Evaluation
  • a. Keep order in disaster site
  • b. Assign duties
  • c. Conduct site inspection
  • d. Create dialogue record
  • e. Evidence collection and analysis
  • f. Determine starting point of fire
  • g. Request the support of the Ministry of
    Interior when necessary (National Fire
    Administration, National Police Administration)

28
  • 2. Investigation and Evaluation by the National
    Fire Administration, Ministry of Interior
  • Cause of fire investigation standard procedure
  • Disaster site evidence evaluation procedure

29
  • B. Inspection Institution follow-up
    investigation and evaluation
  • Site inspection victim relief
  • Disaster evaluation, designation, intervention
  • Submit file and case report

30
6. Established Examination System and Procedure
  • The Council of Labor Affairs shall determine
    investigation targets and frequency based on the
    frequency and trends of major industrial
    disasters, as well as human resources in labor
    inspectors. In addition, they shall announce the
    major annual policy and reform cases each year.
    The labor inspection shall organize employee
    safety and health inspections for gas loading
    plants.
  • Should the Council of Labor Affairs, county and
    city governments, or inspection institutions
    discover any items in violation of safety or
    health regulations during loading plant
    inspections, they shall inform the guilty party
    of the violation, and grant a leniency period so
    the violator may reform. If the leniency period
    has been exceeded without reform, or there is an
    occurrence or good possibility for occurrence of
    a disaster during this period, the institution
    may require the violator to partially or
    completely cease operations.

31
  • C. Local fire protection institutions must
    conduct at least one inspection per month, and
    schedule surprise inspections. The National Fire
    Administration shall also conduct surprise
    inspections. The inspecting personnel shall
    immediately report and process all items
    discovered that are in violation of regulations.
    In the case that a severe violation occurs 4 or
    more times, the local fire department shall
    report the violation to the county or city
    government, which shall punish the violator by
    commanding them to cease operations or usage of
    the item in violation.
  • D. City and county fire departments shall submit
    the statistical report of the examinations
    conducted for that quarter to the National Fire
    Administration, which shall then evaluate their
    performance in the areas of implementation and
    reporting at the end of the year. In addition,
    the National Fire Administration may conduct
    surprise inspection of L.P.G. loading plants
    under their jurisdiction, based on the reported
    information.

32
  • E. Labor inspection institutions and fire
    prevention institutions shall conduct follow-up
    investigations on violating loading plants, in
    addition to punishment according to regulations.
    In addition, they shall increase the amount of
    inspection based on the frequency of violations
    in a particular loading plant to avoid
    reoccurrence. Likewise the amount of fines
    assessed to the violator shall increase, as to
    increase the effectiveness of the punishment.

33
7. Future Objectives and Vision
  • Planned objectives
  • 1. Short-term objectives There are currently
    106 L.P.G. loading plants in the country to date.
    We plan to have the fire prevention and labor
    inspection institutions collect the fire safety
    management schemes for all of the loading plants
    under their jurisdiction, and post them on the
    websites of each labor inspection institution or
    county/city fire department by June 30, 2004. In
    addition, they shall continue to conduct
    inspections, as well as update and correct the
    posted information.
  • 2. Mid-range objectives In 2003, the
    National Fire Administration recorded 159 L.P.G.
    loading plant inspections, and 40 violations
    among them, including 1111 L.P.G. canisters in
    violation of the expiration date. They shall
    continue to increase surprise inspections, and
    plan to reduce violations by at least 10-20 in
    2004.

34
  • 3. Long-term objectives We plan to collect
    evaluations and opinions from each institution in
    each area that need to be regulated more closely,
    including current L.P.G. sales, storage plant
    land distribution systems, selling gas by
    container truck, L.P.G container shipment, new
    and old L.P.G. containers, etc. We plan to use
    this information to create L.P.G. Home Safety
    Regulations, and pass these regulations in the
    Legislative Yuan before December 31, 2007.

35
  • B. Future Vision
  • 1. To decrease the frequency of disasters
    through L.P.G. loading plant disaster prevention
    measures.
  • 2. To effectively control disasters and reduce
    the resulting financial and human losses through
    disaster response systems
  • 3. To completely re-evaluate disaster
    prevention and disaster response measures through
    disaster investigation analysis, and use this
    information to effectively prevent sudden changes
    in disasters.

36
End of Report
Write a Comment
User Comments (0)
About PowerShow.com