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Geothermal energy

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Title: Geothermal energy


1
Geothermal energy
Distribution GÉOTHERMIX inc.
  • A logical choice

2
Save
Our ojectives
  • Reduce our energy bill by 30 to 70
  • Reduce our annual maintenance costs by 2.00/m2
    to 4.00/m2
  • Reduce our periodic replacement costs

3
A system without problems
Our objectives
  • A trustworthy system
  • A system that is safe
  • A flexible system for our future installations
  • Doing maintenance without completely shutting
    down the system

4
Comfort
Our objectives
  • Air-condition and heat different rooms at the
    same time
  • A pleasant temperature and an optimum rate of
    humidity
  • Eliminate the noise
  • A system that is estheticly pleasing

5
3- Comfort
Our objectives
1- Save
2- A system without problems
  • The logical solution
  • A geothermal system

6
A geothermal system
The logical solution
  • The systems principle of operation
  • The advantages of geothermal systems
  • Anticipated profits for you and your customers

7
Principle of operation
  • The ground is like
  • a humid sponge
  • We can extract
  • water from it
  • It can absorb
  • water

In the same way, the ground can provide us with
heat and it can absorb it.
8
  • The ground temperature remains constant
    throughout the year.

9
The geothermal gradient
10
3.6 KW
Compressor 1 KW
T 8C Énergie non-exploitable
4.6 KW
T 45C Usable energy
  • For each KW of energy furhished by a compressor,
    we obtain 4.6 KW of usable energy

11
  • Studies show that close to 70 of the energy used
    by a geothermal system proves to be
  • renewable
  • energy
  • comming
  • from the
  • ground

12
  • Geothermal systems circulate an aqueous solution
    through pipes hidden under ground forming a
    system of loops .

13
  • The geothermic system is not at all influenced by
    the outside temperature. The geothermic heat pump
    will function even at the extreme temperatures of
    summer and winter.

14
  • During winter, it is easier to recover heat
    below ground at a temperature of 8C. than above
    ground where the surrounding air is at a
    temperature
  • of -17 C.

15
  • Operation principle of a geothermic heat pump
  • In heating mode, the cold circulating liquid
    absorbs heat from the ground. This heat is
    recovered by the heat pump.

16
  • In summer, the cooler ground absorbs the
    surplus heat from houses and buildings more
    efficiently than the hot air above ground.

17
  • Operation principle of a geothermic heat pump
  • In air-conditioning mode, the hot liquid
    disperses its heat in the ground and returns from
    the underground
  • loop at a
  • lower
  • temperature.

18
  • Electrical power is used to concentrate heat and
    to move it from one place to another. By
    comparison with a traditional system, the energy
    consumption is reduced by 30 to 70 in heating
    mode and by 20 to 95 in air-conditioning mode.

19
  • Geothermal system advantages.
  • Supply stability
  • Constant temperature
  • Uniform efficiency throughout the year,
    regardless of outside temperatures
  • Assured renewable energy
  • Free energy stored in the ground
  • Assured futur payment exemption
  • Unaffected by energy cost fluctuations
  • No greenhouse gas emissions (GHG)
  • No combustion
  • COP varying from 3 to 6.
  • Low energy requirement

20
  • Geothermal system advantages.
  • Decentralization by zones or premises
  • Installation flexibility
  • Adjustable level of comfort in each room
  • Smaller mecanical room
  • Free sanitary hot water
  • Decentralization permits individual unit
    maintenance without interrupting the entire
    buildings system

21
Other advantages
Comfort
  • The system distributes a constant and equal
    quantity of heat during the winter.
  • Uniform T

-Lower air T
  • Air not as dry during the
  • winter
  • We do not have to worry about varying outside
    temperatures.
  • During the summer, the system acts as a central
    dehumidifying air-conditioner

22
Clean and secure
  • No flame
  • No chimney
  • No odors
  • No danger of smoke or fire.

23
Noise and Esthetics
  • The units are installed inside the building.
  • Reduced maintenance and security fees
  • Increased security against vandalisme
  • The buildings appearance remains
  • unaltered
  • No noisy equipement outside the building.
  • The equipement is silent

24
  • Other advantages of geothermal systems.
  • Reduced space requirements
  • The system may be entirely electrique
  • No connection to gas services
  • No fuel reservoir
  • Small mecanical room

25
  • Other advantages
  • Maintenance fee savings
  • The interior units are not exposed to weathering,
    saline or acid environments.
  • Units have much longer
  • life spans (above 20 yrs.)
  • Unit replacement fees are greatly reduced.
  • No need for costly cooling or heating units.

26
Savings due to energy efficiency
  • Geothermal systems are high efficiency systems
    requiring less energy than conventional systems.
    (COP from 3.6 to 6)
  • No high peak demand system require in heating
    mode.
  • Annual electricity, gas or oil savings greatly
    compensate for the higher inital cost of the
    system.
  • A geothermal system can even generate a positive
    cash flow, if the system is financed with the
    savings it provides.

27
Savings due to energy efficiency
  • Reduced high point demand
  • The use of a controling system may even eliminate
    the high point.
  • The period of return on your surplus
    investissement, relative to a conventional
    system, varies from 0.5 to 5 years and is normaly
    within 3 years.

  According to the US EPA (Environmental
Protection Agency) and the MNR (Minister of
Nutural Ressources)
  • geothermal systems can reduce the energy
    consumption by 40 compared to a conventional
    heat pump
  • and by up to 70 compared to an electrical
    resistance heating system.

28
Environment
  • A geothermal system releases no C02, one of the
    major contributors to air pollution. We use the
    earths natural energy, a renewable resource that
    Mother Nature graciously provides us with.
  • Using geothermal systems substantialy reduces the
    quantities of green house gases released in the
    atmorsphere when replacing fossil fuel
  • based systems.
  • Coupled with other renewable energy sources
    (hydroelectricity, wind mill produced energy,
    photovoltaic energy), the use of geothermal
    systems is an advantageous and sensable choice
    for society.

29
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33
Disadvantages of geothermal systems
  • The only kown disadvantages of geothermal systems
    are the following
  • Higher initial costs mainly due to the drilling
  • Residential  25 higher than a standard system

  • Commercial 
  • 20 to 40 higher than a rooftop system with a
    single zone and constant air volume
  • 0 to 20 higher than a multizone or a two pipe
    water cooled system
  • System performance is dependant on the
    installation and quality of equipement used

Limited number of certified designers
  • Limited number of certified installers
  • HVAC vendor profits reduced

34
Geothermal system advantages summary
  • Renewable energy
  • Supply stability
  • Energy efficiency
  • Environmentaly friendly
  • Decentralization
  • ________________________
  • Disadvantages
  • Higher initial cost due to drilling
  • Limited number of certified designers
  • Limited number of certified installers
  • Vendor profits reduced
  • Installation flexability
  • Comfort
  • Security and cleanliness
  • Esthetic and quiet
  • Reduced space
  • requirements
  • Maintenance fee savings

35
GÉOTHERMIX inc.
  • Geothermix works toward eliminating the above
    mentioned disadvantages by improving drilling
    techniques and equipement, thereby reducing
    drilling costs.
  • GĂ©othermix uses advanced computer software to
    optimize exterior loop design by considering
    local geological formations and precisely
    calculating the number and length of bore holes
    required for the buildings heat load.
  • Geothermix developed a machine capable of
    precisely measuring ground and stone thermal
    conductivity, as well in heating mode as in
    cooling mode, so as to optimize the length of
    the projects underground loop.

36
Conclusion
  • Geothermal systems

The logical solution
  • Geothermix Inc. is a company specialized in the
    distribution and design of  Geothermal 
    systems.
  • GĂ©othermix is backed by Seconair, a company
    operating for the past 32 years. We offer turnkey
    projects.
  • GĂ©othermix can design geothermal systems for you,
    so as to help you incorporate these systems in
    your commercial, industrial and institutional
    project designs.
  • GĂ©othermix can guide you in chosing the most
    appropriate systems, keeping in mind the nature
    of each project (open loop, closed loop,
    horizontal, vertical, lake, pond etc.).

37
Financial incentives
  • The MNR via Canmet offers incentives to permit
    the introduction of geothermal systems in
    building design.
  • Following are two of the main available programs
  • Energy Innovators Initiative
  • Commercial building incentive programs (CBIP)

38
Energy Innovators Initiative
  • This program aims at improving existing buildings
    whose energy expenses are at least 100,000.00
  • Planning
  • Refund 50 , or up to 25,000.00, of project
    elaboration and planning fees
  • Acceptable activities
  • Energy requirement evaluations
  • Feasibility studies
  • Energy management plans
  • Other project elaboration services

39
Energy Innovators Initiative
  • Building improvement (3 or less)
  • Only projects with 5 000 GigaJoules per year (1.4
    MKWh) of projected savings are admissible.
  • Admissible commercial enterprises or public
    institutions can receive 7.50 per saved
    GigaJoule up to a total of 250,000.00 or 25
    of the admissible project costs.
  • It is necessary to prepare an exhaustive energy
    management plan and to have been registered with
    the programs
  • We must re-examine all the energy saving aspects
    of the buildings such as lighting, fenestration,
    heating-air-conditioning, water-heaters, engines,
    the training and sensibilization of employees,
    etc.)

40
Energy Innovators Initiative
  • Building improvement (3 or less)
  • Example 
  • A 15 000 m2 (161,000 ft2) building for which the
    annual energy consumption and invoice amount
    respectively to 25 000 GJ (6.9 million kWh) and
    to 300,000.00.
  • By means of the efficiency improvement project
    whose cost is 300,000.00, you forsee reducing
    your consumption by 20 and saving 5 000 GJ or
    60,000.00 per annum.
  • Support is determined as follows
  • 7.50/GJ X 5 000 GJ 37,500.00
  • The project will thus have cost 262,500.00 and
    one will obtain a return on the investment in
    4.38 years through energy savings. Thereafter,
    these improvements will produce a minimum economy
    of 1.2 M for the next 20 years without taking
    into account energy cost variations.

41
New commercial building incentive programs (CBIP)
  • This program offers a financial incentive for the
    integration of econergetic characteristics in the
    design of commercial and institutional buildings.
    The owners whose buildings respect the CBIP
    standards will receive a financial incentive
    which can reach 60,000.00
  •  
  • The building plans must show a reduction in
    energy consumption of at least 25 compared to
    the MNECB standards (Model National Energy Code
    for Buildings)
  • The program is offered until the March 31, 2004.
  • The IBIP program extends the CBIP to the
    industrial sector where the contributions can
    reach 80,000.00. This program is valid until
    March 31, 2006.

42
New commercial building incentive programs (CBIP)
  • The contribution is twice the difference between
    the forseen annual energy costs according to the
    MNECB and the approved econergetic design.
  • Example 
  • Forseen energy costs according to MNECB
    100,000.00
  • Minus the forseen costs according to
  • the CBIP design 75,000.00
  • Forseen energy savings 25,000.00
  •   CBIP grant 25,000 X 2 50,000.00
  • Econergetic buildings procure long-term energy
    savings. Lower exploitation costs increase the
    resale value of the building and comprise a
    competitive advantage in rental capacity compared
    to traditional buildings.

43
RETScreen Software
  • We recommend the use of the RETScreen software
    which is provided free of charge by Natural
    Resources Canada and CANMET. This software is a
    decision-making aid center in renewable energy.
  •  
  • The software permits the analysis of projects and
    of the application of various technologies like
  • -o       wind mills,
  • o       small hydroelectric plants,
  • o       photovoltaic cells,
  • o       solar heating,
  • o       biomass heating,
  • o       solar heating of water,
  • o       passive solar heating and
  • o       geothermal heat pumps.
  •  
  • The software also gives access to weather data
    and data on the equipment available for all
    technologies.

44
  • DX SYSTEM Principle of operation
  • 1. The coolant penetrates in the interior
    serpentine (evaporator) during the process of
    air-conditioning. While entering the serpentine,
    the temperature of the cooling agent ranges
    between 40 and 50 F.
  • 2. As the hot and humid air circulates around the
    serpentine, the cooling agent absorbs the heat.
  • 3. The air becomes colder
  • and dryer and is then
  • recirculated in the
  • room by means of a
  • ventilator.  

45
  • DX SYSTEM Principle of operation (continued)
  •  4. The cooling agent moves in the compressor
    (pump) which increases the pressure and allows it
    to circulate in the system. The increase in
    pressure caused by the compressor leads the
    cooling agent to be heated to a temperature of
    approximately 120 to 140 F, now in the form of
    vapor.
  • 5. The hot vapor circulates in the condenser (the
    underground loop) where the cooling agent
    releases its heat to the colder ground and
    condenses again to liquid form.
  •  
  • 6. When the cooling agent
  • leaves the compressor, it
  • is under high pressure and
  • remains so until it reaches
  • the expansion valve. At this
  • time, the pressure is reduced.
  • 7. The cycle is completed
  • when the low temperature coolant enters the
    evaporator and again collects heat from the air
    in the room.
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