Sustainable Development of Tourism in Chiangmai Province

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Sustainable Development of Tourism in Chiangmai
Province

• Initial Proposal
• By
• Working Group 4
• Anne, Fumiko , Kimiko, Niam, Patricia, Putt,
  Rani, Teppei

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Purposes of Field Research

• Tourism is one of the main businesses especially
  for developing countries. In Thailand, service
  sector including tourism constitute 43.8 out of
  total GDP. Tourism, therefore, becomes the
  backbone of economic development for increasing
  the overall livelihood and well-being.
• Tourism is not sustainable only to preserve
  economic benefit. Tourism is depending on local
  culture ,environment and society. Therefore
  tourism development should respect these aspects.
• Local community is one of the important actor to
  achieve sustainable tourism development.
• This research will focus on applying the concept
  of sustainable tourism development in Chiangmai.
  It covers five aspects of sustainability
  economy, social, culture, environment, and
  politics.

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Research Framework
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Conceptual Background

• Sustainable Development, is development that
  meets the needs of the present without
  compromising the ability of future generations to
  meet their own needs (World Comission on
  Environment and Development, 1987)
• Sustainable Tourism, it is an industry which
  attempts to make a low impact on the environment
  and local culture, while helping to generate
  income, employment, and the conservation of local
  ecosystems. It is responsible tourism that is
  both ecologically and culturally sensitive. It
  strives for quality, not quantity while
  broadening the ownership base such that more
  people benefit from the tourism industry. (
  http//www.gdrc.org/uem/eco-tour/eco-tour.html)
• ( http//www.capegateway.gov.za/eng/your_gov/1333
  0)

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Research Questions

• How to achieve sustainable tourism (economic,
  social, cultural, environmental, governance) in
  Chiangmai Province for local community?

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Sub Research Questions

1. How does tourism industry improve the economy of
   the community in a sustainable way?
2. What is the role of young generation in
   sustainable development of tourism?
3. How do local community place importance on their
   own culture? What are the reasons?
4. How do local community value the environment and
   local resources?
5. What are the policies and strategies pursued by
   various stakeholders, mainly government, private
   sector, and local community in achieving
   sustainable development of tourism?

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Economic Aspects

• Sub research questions
• Is the income distribution from tourism well -
  distributed to local community?
• What aspects should be improved to bring more
  income to local community?
• Hypothesis
• Most of the revenues falls into the hands of a
  few groups or individuals involved in the tourism
  business, ex. hotels, resorts, tour operator,
  restaurants, souvenir shops, etc.
• Involving local people in tourism events and
  providing good services ex. accommodations,
  transport, etc. will generate more income to
  local community.

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Social Aspects

• Sub Research Question
• Who/What make youth involve in tourism
  industry?
• Hypothesis
• Inevitable situation to involve in tourism
• ? 1. Family Circumstance
• Higher wage than that of agriculture
• ? 2. Poverty Reduction
• Obtaining more skills and knowledge
  (Empowerment)
• ? 3. Securing Human Resource
• Their interest in the traditional culture
  and environment
• ? 4. Culture and Environment preservation

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Environmental Aspects

• Sub research question
• How do local community value the environment and
  local resources?
• What is the environmental impact of tourism in
  local community?
• How do local community preserve environment and
  local resource?
• Hypothesis
• Mass tourism has a bad influence upon local
  environment while it brings economic growth.
  Eco-tour is also nominal. Local people awake to
  environmental problems, but they cannot find out
  the solution to balance environmental
  preservation with economic growth.

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Cultural Aspects

• Sub research question
• How do local community place importance on
  their own culture? What are the reasons?
• Hypothesis
• People in local community tends to maintain their
  cultures to inherit their roots to next
  generation
• People in local community maintain and adjust
  their cultures to enable tourism development

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Governance Aspects

• Sub Research Questions
• What are the roles of government, private sector,
  and civil society (particularly local community)
  in creating sustainable development of tourism in
  Chiangmai?
• Hypotheses
• The government plays significant role in
  constructing democratic tourism governance,
  designing appropriate policies and regulations,
  executing tourism related policies and building
  network with private sector and civil society
• Private sector will develop their business
  according to governments regulation and expand
  the corporate social responsibility to deal with
  the social, cultural, and environmental impacts
  of their activities.
• The involvement of local community in policy
  making is low, even though they should be the
  main core of governments policy design and
  implementation

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Governance Aspects

• 2. What coordination mechanisms have been
  implemented to connect the government, private
  actor and civil society?
• Hypotheses
• There will be formal and informal forms of
  coordination between three main sectors. However,
  the coordination and control is assumed to be the
  most difficult tasks because it might not be
  included in governments strategy and plans.

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Site Selections 8 sites
Sites Time (day) Location Location Tourism Aspect Tourism Aspect Tourism Aspect Tourism Aspect Tourism Aspect
Sites Time (day) R U Economic Social Culture Env Gov
10. Wat Sri Suphan 0.5 day V V V V
11. Baan Tawai Handicraft Center 1 day V V V V V V
14.Umbrella Production 1 day V V V V V V
18.Hmong Hill Tribe Village 1 day V V V V V
21.Saturday Market 0.5 day V V V V V
23.Water-Fall 1 day V V V V
26.Tourist Authority 0.5 day V V V V V V
Doi Suthep 0.5 day V V
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Additional Sites
Sites Location Location Tourism Aspect Tourism Aspect Tourism Aspect Tourism Aspect Tourism Aspect
Sites R U Economic Social Culture Environment Governance
20.Night Bazaar V V V
22.Sunday Evening Walking Street V V V V
12. Lanna Wisdom School V V V
Kan-tok Restaurant V V V
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Field Survey Method

• Interview with various groups (government,
  business, youth, tribe leader, monks, tourist,
  etc)
• Observation
• PCM
• Literature review (policy paper and other related
  documents)

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Prospective respondents

• Government Sector
• Government officials
• tourist authority
• Private Sector
• handcrafts maker
• tour guide
• Souvenir shop owners
• Tourists
• Civil Society
• Local people
• Local leaders, Local tribe, Women, Monk, Sala
  (Master of craftsmanship)
• Lanna musicians, Students

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References

• World Comission on Environment and Development,
  Our common future,1987
• Chettamart, S. and Emphandhu, D. (1993) The
  tourism industry and sustainable development in
  Thailand. Kasetsart University Publication
• Dearden, P. (1990) Tourism and sustainable
  development in Northern Thailand. University of
  Victory Publication
• UNESCO (2006) Tourism, Culture, and Sustainable
  Development. UNESCO Publishing, Paris.
• Stephen Page and Joanne Connell (2008)
  SUSTAINABLE TOURISM

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Thank you?????????