Combining Census Aggregate Statistics with Digital Boundary Data for Mapping and Spatial Analysis

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Combining Census Aggregate Statistics with
Digital Boundary Datafor Mapping and Spatial
Analysis
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Housekeeping

• Toilets
• Alarm Drill
• Lunch
• Attendance Sheet
• Feedback Forms

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Course Structure

• The ESRC Census Programme
• Census Background
• The 2001 Census
• Exercise 1
• Break
• Using Casweb to download aggregate statistics
• Lunch
• Digital boundary data
• Downloading DBD from UKBORDERS
• Exercise 2
• Break
• Combining census aggregate statistics with DBD
  for mapping and spatial analysis
• Exercise 3
• Course evaluation

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The ESRC Census Programme

• http//census.ac.uk
• Comprehensive access and support service for the
  UK academic community
• Census Portal
• 1971-2001 census data resources
• Advanced search facilities
• Detailed metadata and guides
• Workshops and training materials
• Registration of user outputs
• Services free to all UK HE and FE members

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The Census Dissemination Unit (CDU)

• http//cdu.mimas.ac.uk
• Unit of the ESRC Census Programme
• Dissemination and support for UK census aggregate
  statistics
• Based within Mimas at the University of
  Manchester
• Census-related datasets and services
• Online services and applications
• Learning and teaching materials

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UKBORDERS

• http//edina.ac.uk/ukborders/
• Unit of the ESRC Census Programme
• Dissemination and support for digital boundary
  data for UK censuses and many other geographies
• Based within EDINA at the University of Edinburgh

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Census Background

• What are censuses?
• Why conduct censuses?
• Censuses in history
• UK census history
• The UK 2001 Census

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What are censuses?

• Comprehensive surveys
• Standard topics
• Single points in time

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Why conduct censuses?

• Expensive and complex
• Inform policy decisions
• Provide complete picture
• Reveal patterns of change
• Enable projections of future trends

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Censuses in history

• Features of complex societies
• Egyptian, Chinese and Roman censuses
• Modern censuses
• Confidentiality
• Regularity
• Synchronicity

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UK census history

• 1753
• Concerns over privacy and national security
• 1798
• Malthus and the food supply debate
• 1801
• First English census
• Decennial censuses ever since except 1941
• 1841
• Completion of forms by householders
• Synchronous enumeration

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UK census history

• 1851
• Exact age and marital status
• Employment and the Social Class Schema
• Published tables and maps1911
• Punched cards used for data processing
• 1961
• Electronic computer processing introduced
• 1966 (Sample Census)
• Standard output at enumeration district level
• 2001
• One Number Census
• Census Access Project

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The UK 2001 Census

• UK Census bicentennial
• Data collection
• Census outputs
• One Number Census
• Census geographies
• Range of outputs
• Aggregate statistics

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Data Collection

• Census questionnaire form
• 29th April, 2001
• Enumeration
• Confidentiality
• Social and economic data
• Individual and household levels
• Geographical markers

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Census Outputs

• Aggregate Statistics
• Interaction Statistics
• Samples of Anonymised Records (SARs)
• Longitudinal Surveys
• Digital Boundary Data
• Metadata

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Aggregate Statistics

• Spatially aggregated counts of individuals and
  households
• Nesting geographical hierarchies
• Census zone codes
• National differences
• Selective release of variables
• Pre-defined cross-tabulations
• Several component datasets

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Spatial Aggregation

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Spatial Aggregation
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Counties/Regions
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Counties/Regions
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Counties/Districts
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Counties/Districts
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Counties/Districts/Wards
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Counties/Districts/Wards/EDs
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2001 Census UK Geographies
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Aggregate Statistics Datasets

• Key Statistics
• Standard Tables
• Census Area Statistics
• Theme Tables
• Univariate Tables
• Armed Forces Tables

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• Break!
• Please add your details to the attendance
• sheet if you havent done so already

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Using Casweb to obtain aggregate statistics

• Census Area Statistics on the Web
• http//casweb.mimas.ac.uk
• Data acquisition tool for Area Statistics
• Developed at CDU
• Features
• Intuitive web interface
• Data driven
• list and map based geographical definition options

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Demonstration 1

• Information on levels of unemployment in wards
  within the North West Government Office Region
• Aggregate statistics downloads from Casweb

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Exercise 1

• Populations of Indian ethnicity in Leicestershire
  wards from the 1991 and 2001 Censuses
• Aggregate statistics downloads from Casweb

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• Lunch!
• Please add your details to the attendance
• sheet if you havent done so already

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Digital Boundary Data (DBD)

• Geographical objects
• Points, lines, polygons
• Attributes
• Maps
• Spatial Analysis

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Points, Lines, Polygons
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Geographical Objects (Where?)
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Attribute Data (What?)
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Mapping
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Demonstration 2

• Information on levels of unemployment in wards
  within the North West Government Office Region
• Digital boundary data downloads from UKBORDERS

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Exercise 2

• Populations of Indian ethnicity in Leicestershire
  wards from the 1991 and 2001 Censuses
• Digital boundary data downloads from UKBORDERS

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• Break!
• Please add your details to the attendance
• sheet if you havent done so already

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Geographical Information Systems (GIS)

• Sophisticated databases
• Integrated handling of spatially-related data
• Combine geographical objects (where?) with
  attributes (what?)
• Maps and visual representations
• Spatial analyses
• Point-in-polygon (postcodes)
• Drive time

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Combining Aggregate Stats and DBD

• Using fields/columns containing common
  geographical references to join aggregate
  statistics and DBD

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Demonstration 3

• Information on levels of unemployment in wards
  within the North West Government Office Region
• Mapping using ArcMap

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Exercise 3

• Populations of Indian ethnicity in Leicestershire
  wards from the 1991 and 2001 Censuses
• Mapping using ArcMap

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• Feedback Please!