INTERCROPPING FABA BEAN WITH WHEAT TO IMPROVE YIELDS, NITROGEN RECOVERY AND WEED CONTROL - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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INTERCROPPING FABA BEAN WITH WHEAT TO IMPROVE YIELDS, NITROGEN RECOVERY AND WEED CONTROL

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Title: INTERCROPPING FABA BEAN WITH WHEAT TO IMPROVE YIELDS, NITROGEN RECOVERY AND WEED CONTROL


1
INTERCROPPING FABA BEAN WITH WHEAT TO IMPROVE
YIELDS, NITROGEN RECOVERY AND WEED CONTROL Mike
Gooding, Rachel Ruske, Elena Kasyanova, Rebecca
Owen Crops Research Unit, School of Agriculture,
Policy and Development, The University of
Reading, Early Gate, Reading, RG6 1PD, UK. email
m.j.gooding_at_reading.ac.uk
Funded by a EU shared cost project (INTERCROP)
under the 5th Framework Programme of RTD, Key
Action 5 Sustainable Agriculture
2
Introduction
  • Intercropping cereals with grain legumes can
    improve
  • resource-use,
  • weed control in the grain legume,
  • nitrogen concentration in the cereal
  • (Bulsen et al. 1997 Haymes and Lee 1999
    Hauggaard-Nielson et al. 2006).
  • Faba bean plus wheat intercrops have particular
    promise
  • due to the relative ease with which the crops
    can be separated after harvest,
  • thus wheat with high nitrogen concentration
    marketed separately from the bean (Bulsen et al.
    1997).

3
Additive intercropping wheat with faba bean
1. Nitrogen concentration ( DM)
4
Two field experiments repeated in each of the
2002/03, 2003/04 and 2004/05 growing seasons on
sandy loam soil after a cereal
Treatments randomised in four blocks
Experiment 1 Spring-sown faba bean (B) cv. Meli
and spring wheat (W) cv. Paragon in replacement
sowing rate (seeds/m2) combinations of B52,
B39W100, B26W200, B13W300 and W400, and an
additive combination of B52W400.
Experiment 2 Winter-sown faba bean cv. Clipper
and winter wheat cv. Malacca sown in replacement
combinations of B32, B24W100, B16W200, B8W300 and
W400.
5
Spring sown intercropping Mean of three years
6
Winter sown experiment
7
Winter sown intercropping Mean of three years
0
8
16
24
32
0
8
16
24
32
Faba bean sowing rate (seeds/m2)
400
300
200
100
0
400
300
200
100
0
Wheat sowing rate (seeds/m2)
8
Land equivalent ratios
9
Discussion
We confirm that wheatfaba bean intercrops can
increase LER for grain dry matter and nitrogen
yields. Total nitrogen harvested in the grain
was, however, only increased relative to the
cereal sole crop, and weed control was only
improved relative to the legume sole crop. The
winter experiment showed less benefit of
intercropping for yields and weed control. This
may have been because of the dominance of the
bean crop. Haymes and Lee (1999) reported a
similar problem and suggested resorting to an
older, taller cultivar of wheat to achieve a more
equal balance between the component crops.
Older wheat cultivars, however, have low
harvest index and reduced Hagberg falling numbers
(Gooding et al. 1999), and a better solution
maybe to identify shorter winter bean cultivars.
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