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Title: BEYOND-THE-HORIZON Anticipating Future and Emerging Information Society Technologies


1
BEYOND-THE-HORIZON Anticipating Future and
Emerging Information Society Technologies
  • BEYOND-THE-HORIZON is a Coordination Action
    funded by the EC IST Programme in FP6Future and
    Emerging Technologies Activity under contract
    no. 006662
  • Keith G Jeffery ERCIM President

2
Agenda
  • 1. Background - ERCIM
  • 2. Background the Technological Imperative
  • 3. Background - EC - FP6 and FP7
  • 4. The BTH proposal and project
  • 5. The 6 thematic groups and their work
  • 6. Preliminary conclusions / recommendations for
    FP7 workprogramme
  • 7. Conclusions

3
ERCIM Members
ERCIM is a consortium of leading research
institutions from 18 Europeancountriescommitted
to information technology and applied
mathematics.
4
in a Nutshell
  • gt 12000 researchers in major ICT labs in 18
    countries virtual organisation
  • 2 more in process of joining
  • National nodes for industrial and academic
    communities leverage
  • European W3C Host, centrally and regionally
  • Working Groups wide spectrum of subject areas
    across ICT
  • Research projects technology transfer to
    European industry
  • gt 100 spin-out companies from ERCIM institutes
  • Consultancy advice and assistance
  • (especially) to EC
  • national governments
  • Fellowships European human capital mobility
  • Dissemination ERCIM News, Reports

5
For further information
ERCIM Website http//www.ercim.org/
ERCIM News Quarterly magazine (free subscription)
ERCIM Office, BP 93, F-06904 Sophia Antipolis Tel
33 4 92 38 50 10 Fax 33 4 92 38 50 11
E-mail office_at_ercim.org
6
Agenda
  • 1. Background - ERCIM
  • 2. Background the Technological Imperative
  • 3. Background - EC - FP6 and FP7
  • 4. The BTH proposal and project
  • 5. The 6 thematic groups and their work
  • 6. Preliminary conclusions / recommendations for
    FP7 workprogramme
  • 7. Conclusions

7
Looking Back Technology
  • ICT used for industrial services
  • Accounting
  • Stock control
  • Production scheduling
  • Then for office functions
  • Email, calendar, documents
  • Then for decision support
  • Control room
  • Management

8
Current State Technology
  • Characteristics
  • Price/performance
  • Moores Law for processor power
  • more impressive for storage systems
  • Distributed, connected
  • Data-information-knowledge
  • Used For
  • Modelling and simulation
  • Business processes
  • Knowledge-assisted decisions

9
Future Working Smarter
  • Need not only to excel at RD but also
  • Need to turn excellence in ICT RD into
  • Wealth creation (employment, investment)
  • Improved quality of life
  • Innovation value chain
  • But it starts with excellent RD
  • And excellent RD starts with FET
  • (Future Emerging Technologies)

10
Future Technology
  • ERCIM Strategy Group
  • ERCIM Working Groups
  • ERCIM active participation
  • ISTAG
  • Next Generation GRIDs expert group
  • Future Emerging Technologies Beyond The Horizon
    coordination action
  • Which all echo / amplify / build on the ERCIM
    strategic work

11
Agenda
  • 1. Background - ERCIM
  • 2. Background the Technological Imperative
  • 3. Background - EC - FP6 and FP7
  • 4. The BTH proposal and project
  • 5. The 6 thematic groups and their work
  • 6. Preliminary conclusions / recommendations for
    FP7 workprogramme
  • 7. Conclusions

12
Where are we now?
  • Almost at end of FP6
  • Last calls December 2005
  • Detailed Planning of FP7
  • Likely first calls end-2006
  • Likely first funding mid-2007
  • What is happening
  • Consultation on FP7
  • EC-managed groups
  • ISTAG http//www.cordis.lu/ist/istag.htm
  • National representatives
  • http//www.ost.gov.uk/ostinternational/fp7/index.h
    tml
  • Pan-European organisations
  • E.g. ERCIM www.ercim.org

13
ISTAG
  • Grand Challenges Document
  • ftp//ftp.cordis.lu/pub/ist/docs/2004_grand_challe
    nges_web_en.pdf
  • Consolidated Report
  • ftp//ftp.cordis.lu/pub/ist/docs/2004_strategic_or
    ientations_web_en.pdf
  • Note GRIDs document
  • ftp//ftp.cordis.lu/pub/ist/docs/2004_grids_web_en
    .pdf
  • Reflects closely NGG thinking

14
ISTAG Grand Challenges 1-4
  • The 100 Safe Car Roadway accidents entail
    enormous human suffering and burden European
    society with tremendous economic costs. Hence, we
    envision projects with ICT systems leading the
    realisation of the 100 safe automobile for
    eliminating traffic fatalities almost
    completely.
  • 2. The Multilingual Companion With the
    enlargement to 25 Member States, the EU faces a
    new multi-lingual challenge. We envision grand
    projects to defeat the communication barrier
    between member states by developing a powerful
    multi-lingual companion that will make
    multilingual and cross-lingual information access
    and communication virtually automatic.
  • 3. The Service Robot Companion As the European
    population ages, spiralling health-related costs
    will place an immense burden on European
    economies. We envision the development of
    flexible home-care service robots, which will
    help people to care for themselves, improve their
    comfort of living and likely entertain them.
  • 4. The Self-Monitoring and Self-Repairing
    Computer System failures are extremely costly
    and all too frequent in todays complex ICT
    systems. We envision a grand challenge to develop
    self-monitoring and self-repairing computing
    systems that will demonstrate the principle of
    software systems with greatly improved
    reliability.

15
ISTAG Grand Challenges 5-8
  • 5. The Internet Police Agent To reap the full
    benefits of the Internet, we must maintain its
    further development and counter criminal and
    anti-social activities (SPAM, viruses, worms,
    fraud, etc.). We envision projects to develop an
    automated police agent that will be a socially
    beneficial force within the Internet environment.
  • 6. The Disease and Treatment Simulator We
    envision the development of a computational
    platform for simulating the function of a
    concrete disease. This simulator will enable
    medicines to be tested without putting people at
    risk, and will accelerate research into damaging
    diseases such as heart disease and cancer.
  • 7. The Augmented Personal Memory The ICT
    revolution will make it possible to store
    virtually every image, film or television program
    you have ever seen, every conversation you have
    ever had or book you have read. We envision a
    project that will make it possible for people to
    create, preserve, sort and retrieve their own
    personal vast storehouse of the past, in the form
    of a personalised digital life diary and
    augmented memory assistant.
  • 8. The Pervasive Communication Jacket Most
    objects in the house, at work or in public spaces
    will soon carry wireless communications
    technology. We envision a communications jacket
    that will enable the individual of tomorrow to
    exploit these information resources in a natural
    and beneficial way.

16
ISTAG Grand Challenges 9-11
  • 9. The Personal Everywhere Visualiser
    visualisation is key for people to exploit the
    information revolution. A grand challenge is to
    develop a convenient personal and mobile
    visualisation system that will work anywhere and
    with minimal fuss, thereby enhancing our ability
    to harness tomorrows ICT capabilities.
  • 10. The Ultra-light Aerial Transport Agent We
    envision an unmanned aerial transport agent for
    small scale logistics for the transport of
    small packages and products from point to point,
    monitoring of crime, and helping in search and
    rescue operations.
  • 11. The Intelligent Retail Store We envision
    projects to realise the intelligent retail
    store a store in which emerging ICT
    technologies are integrated in a way that brings
    more information and efficiency to both
    retailers and their customers alike.

17
ISTAG Consolidated Report
  • Technology alone is not enough
  • Public trust in its use
  • Interoperation
  • Organisational change
  • Pervasive
  • out of the box and into everything
  • Mastering Complexity
  • Technologies and systems
  • Users and needs
  • Innovation lifecycle
  • Experience and Application Research
  • Users at all stages of lifecycle
  • Stimulating long-term lifecycle
  • European-scale RD

18
NGG
  • Next Generation GRIDs
  • NGG1 200301-200306
  • Brought together visionary experts
  • Defined properties required and research agenda
    to achieve them
  • NGG2 200401-200407
  • Updated NGG1 vision in the light of funded
    projects and evolving requirements and technology
  • NGG3 200509-200601
  • http//www.cordis.lu/ist/grids/pub-report.htm

19
GRIDs Vision and Requirements (1)
  • a user interacts with the GRIDs environment
    intelligently
  • such that the GRIDs environment proposes a 'deal'
    to the end-user to satisfy her request
  • which the user can then decide to execute
  • involving multiple resources of computation,
    information, detectors (for new data collection),
    interactions with other users through various
    communication devices etc.

middleware
20
GRIDs Vision and Requirements (2)
  • interoperation as a seemingly homogeneous
    'surface' over a range of devices from smart dust
    through detectors to embedded systems (including
    controllers), handhelds, laptops, desktops,
    departmental servers, corporate servers and
    supercomputers.
  • the 'surface' depends on self- (self-managing,
    self-repairing, self-tuning...) capability across
    arbitrary and dynamic collections of (large
    numbers of) nodes to give scalability,
    performance, reliability, access, security,
    privacy and other features.

21
NGG1
  • NGG1 Properties Required
  • Transparent and reliable
  • Open to wide user and provider communities
  • Pervasive and ubiquitous
  • Secure and provide trust across multiple
    administrative domains
  • Easy to use and to program
  • Persistent
  • Based on standards for software and protocols
  • Person-centric
  • Scalable
  • Easy to configure and manage
  • v

22
Call2 (NGG1) Projects Funded
23
NGG2 Architecture
24
Call5 (NGG2) Projects Funded
? Under negotiation
25
NGG3
  • September 2005 - January 2006
  • Still under active discussion
  • Draft report to EC DG INFSO F2 in December
  • Final Report in January 2006
  • Key messages
  • GRIDs environment layering too complex
  • Use SOKU
  • Service Oriented Knowledge Utility

26
NGG3 SOKU
27
BTH Objectives
  • CA ERCIM DG INFSO F1 FET
  • 20050101 - 20060630
  • http//www.beyond-the-horizon.net/
  • The major objectives are
  • to identify advanced strategic areas and
    challenging long-term goals
  • to analyse their scientific, societal, and
    industrial impact and to deliver roadmaps for
    paving advances in these areas within a timeframe
    of fifteen years
  • and to investigate new frontiers for ICT
    research, to identify the boundaries with other
    disciplines, as well as interrelationships among
    them and opportunities for cross-fertilization.

28
Topics
  • The chosen strategic topics are
  • Pervasive Computing and Communications
  • Nanoelectronics and nanotechnology
  • Security, dependability and trust
  • Bio-ICT synergies
  • Intelligent and Cognitive Systems
  • Software Intensive Systems.

29
Topics
  • Note that
  • For the ISTAG grand challenges
  • For the NGG architecture
  • These BTH technologies are necessary to realise
    the concepts
  • Developing first in the FET environment
  • Subsequently applied progressively more generally
    in the IST environment

30
Agenda
  • 1. Background - ERCIM
  • 2. Background the Technological Imperative
  • 3. Background - EC - FP6 and FP7
  • 4. The BTH proposal and project
  • 5. The 6 thematic groups and their work
  • 6. Preliminary conclusions / recommendations for
    FP7 workprogramme
  • 7. Conclusions

31
Contents
  • Beyond the Horizon The Project
  • Rationale
  • Impact
  • Management
  • Methodology
  • Milestones

32
Beyond the Horizon Purpose
  • To provide input about IST-related emerging
    trends and strategic research areas that require
    support, through a well-organised, extensive and
    systematic consultation of the relevant research
    community throughout Europe, involving the main
    actors and experts in the related fields.

33
Beyond the Horizon Goals
  • To identify advanced strategic areas and
    challenging long-term goals
  • To analyse their scientific, societal and
    industrial impact and to deliver roadmaps for
    advancement over the next 15 years
  • To investigate new frontiers for ICT research, to
    identify the boundaries with other disciplines,
    as well as interrelationships and
    cross-fertilization potential
  • To assist in cultivating and maintaining European
    research excellence

34
Beyond the Horizon Contract
  • Instrument Coordination Action
  • Coordinator ERCIM EEIG
  • Start date January 1st, 2005
  • Duration 18 months
  • Effort 52 PM
  • Total budget 612.127
  • EC contribution 482.000

35
Beyond the Horizon rationale (1/2)
  • ICTs a key factor driving progress towards a
    global economy of knowledge in the 21st Century
  • ICTs provide new tools for communication
    throughout the world and for acquiring knowledge
    and insight from information
  • ICTs are progressively becoming a foundation for
    improving services to citizens in a variety of
    application domains, such as health care,
    government, transportation, entertainment, and
    other aspects of everyday life.

36
Beyond the Horizon rationale (2/2)
  • The FET Programme aims at stimulating the
    emergence and development of new IST-related
    disciplines and technologies with significant
    scientific, industrial, and societal impact
  • FET supports long-term, visionary, high-risk
    research in advanced strategic areas
  • FET is requested to always maintain its focus at
    the forefront of scientific and technological
    research
  • The scope of investigation is broadening
    substantially, making the identification and
    fostering of emerging research challenges more
    complex.

37
Beyond the Horizon potential impact (1/2)
  • Research community
  • Consensus building and mobilization
  • Formation of research networks
  • Interdisciplinary research
  • Policy developments
  • Contribution to enhancing EUs reactivity to
    emerging scientific and technological challenges

38
Beyond the Horizon potential impact (2/2)
  • Industry
  • increasing awareness of IST-related basic
    research as a contribution towards ensuring the
    long-term competitiveness of European industry
  • increasing industry awareness of new trends,
    challenges and visions in IST-related research

39
Project Coordination
40
Project management (2/3)
  • Scientific Steering Committee Members
  • Prof. Dimitris Plexousakis
  • Institute of Computer Science, Foundation for
    Research and Technology-Hellas (FORTH), and Univ.
    of Crete, GR
  • Prof. Stefan Jähnichen
  • Technical University of Berlin, DE
  • Prof. Keith Jeffery (Chair)
  • Council for the Central Laboratory of the
    Research Councils (CCLRC), UK ERCIM President
  • Prof. Jean-Eric Pin
  • Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
    (CNRS), FR
  • Prof. Arne Sølvberg
  • The Norwegian Institute of Technology, NO

41
Methodology
  • Open method of consultation and coordination
  • Continuous working group methodology, combined
    with major brainstorming workshops, in the form
    of a foresight exercise
  • Collaborative workspace to support online
    communities

42
Milestones
  • M0 Deployment of the Online Community
    Infrastructure April 2005
  • M1 Completion of all TG workshops 12 Oct 2005
  • M2 Coordinators Meeting 13 Oct 2005
  • M3 Plenary Workshop 11-12 Dec 2005
  • M4 TG Final Reports February 2006
  • M5 Final Project Report March 2006
  • M6 Dissemination Workshop for Policy Makers
    April 2006
  • M7 Session at High-Level Conference March-June
    2006

43
Milestones
  • M0 Deployment of the Online Community
    Infrastructure April 2005
  • M1 Completion of all TG workshops 12 Oct 2005
  • M2 Coordinators Meeting 13 Oct 2005
  • M3 Plenary Workshop 11-12 Dec 2005
  • M4 TG Final Reports February 2006
  • M5 Final Project Report March 2006
  • M6 Dissemination Workshop for Policy Makers
    April 2006
  • M7 Session at High-Level Conference March-June
    2006

We are here
44
Agenda
  • 1. Background - ERCIM
  • 2. Background the Technological Imperative
  • 3. Background - EC - FP6 and FP7
  • 4. The BTH proposal and project
  • 5. The 6 thematic groups and their work
  • 6. Preliminary conclusions / recommendations for
    FP7 workprogramme
  • 7. Conclusions

45
Thematic Areas
  • Pervasive Computing and Communications
  • Nanoelectronics and Nanotechnology
  • Security, Dependability and Trust
  • Bio-ICT Synergies
  • Intelligent and Cognitive Systems
  • Software Intensive Systems

46
Pervasive Computing and Communications (1/2)
  • User-centric provision of services aiming at
    enhancing the quality of life by seamlessly
    offering ubiquitous access to relevant
    information and services to the individual,
    anywhere and at any time, through the synergistic
    combination of intelligent, context-aware
    interfaces, and ubiquitous computing and
    networking

47
Pervasive Computing and Communications (2/2)
  • Research issues
  • Design of pervasive computing systems
  • Analysis, modelling and reasoning about systems
    behaviour
  • Control of systems and environments
  • Adaptation to changing context
  • In-depth understanding of potential and limits

48
Nanoelectronics and Nanotechnology (1/2)
  • Combining top-down semiconductor platforms with
    bottom-up developments in materials, physics,
    chemistry and biology

49
Nanoelectronics and Nanotechnology (2/2)
  • Research issues
  • new system architectures
  • combination and interfacing of diverse materials,
    functions, devices and information carriers
  • cost-effective fabrication techniques
  • methods and tools to model, manipulate, fabricate
    and characterise nano-objects
  • paradigms to exchange information with single
    atoms or molecules
  • methods and tools to master giga-complexity of
    future ICT architectures
  • further investigation of newly discovered
    physical phenomena or properties of matter at the
    meso-scale

50
Security, Dependability and Trust (1/2)
  • Increased risks stemming from
  • growing autonomy and mobility of technologies and
    systems
  • increasing size and complexity
  • increased heterogeneity
  • inherent interdependencies
  • system failure may lead to loss of financial
    resources, and even loss of human lives
  • even if a technological infrastructure is secure
    and dependable, users will not necessarily trust

51
Security, Dependability and Trust (2/2)
  • Research issues
  • real-time detection and response to threats, and
    proactive measures
  • social and ethical issues, for example concerning
    the acceptable trade-off between level of risk
    and privacy
  • dependability of industrial-scale software with
    less development risk than today
  • dependable evolution of dependable systems
  • novel methods for trust creation and management.

52
Bio-ICT Synergies (1/2)
  • Convergence of ICT with bio and life sciences,
    but also with cognitive science and
    nanotechnology
  • Large-scale functional genomics and proteomics
  • Modelling the development of behaviour in plants
    and animals
  • Modelling of the function of organs and their
    simulation.
  • Theoretical modelling of the brain and mind

53
Bio-ICT Synergies (2/2)
  • Research issues
  • Develop methods for maintenance and
    interoperability of biological data, and for the
    semantic organisation of biological knowledge
  • Develop methods for visualising biological data
  • Increase the reliability of bioinformatics
    predictions
  • Develop advanced bio-inspired computational
    paradigms.

54
Intelligent and Cognitive Systems (1/2)
  • Intelligent systems that perceive, reason,
    understand and learn
  • extracting meaning from huge data flows
  • autonomous operation
  • natural interaction with the world and with human
    users
  • (self-) adaptation to changing situations and
    contexts, including users preferences and needs.

55
Intelligent and Cognitive Systems (2/2)
  • Research issues
  • Complex adaptive systems consisting of
    collections of simple, often heterogeneous,
    entities exhibiting collective behaviour and
    functionality through high connectivity
  • Introspective reasoning
  • Emotional and affective computing
  • Mixed realities

56
Software-Intensive Systems (1/2)
  • Societys dependence on software-intensive
    systems is increasing to the point where a
    growing range of products and services from all
    sectors of economic activity, but also our daily
    lives, depend on software-intensive systems

57
Software-Intensive Systems (2/2)
  • Research issues
  • Develop practically useful and theoretically
    well-founded methods and tools for engineering
    complex software-intensive systems, supporting
    the entire software life cycle
  • modelling data and processes
  • building adequate system architectures
  • ensuring reliability, dependability and
    compliance
  • supporting interoperability
  • managing change and enhancing usability
  • Service-Oriented Computing services as
    fundamental elements for developing distributed
    applications

58
Thematic Group Workshop goals
  • Share ideas!!
  • Form appropriate sub-groups
  • Begin addressing key questions
  • Continue discussions online

59
Key questions Identifying strategic areas
  • Which disciplines are the most promising for
    cross-fertilisation with ICT?
  • Are there pure ICT research challenges?
  • What are the ICT-related scientific areas Europe
    should concentrate on?

60
Key questions Within thematic groups
  • What is the socio-economic context?
  • What are the scientific and technological
    challenges?
  • What are the driving factors in development and
    technology application?

61
Timeline Individual workshops
  • June 11-13 Intelligent and Cognitive Systems,
    Zurich
  • June 21-22 Security, Dependability and Trust,
    Paris follow-up in October
  • June 28-29 Bio-ICT Synergies, Sophia Antipolis
  • July 27-28 Pervasive Computing and
    Communications, Vienna
  • September 9-10 Software Intensive Systems,
    Koblenz
  • October 11-12 Nanoelectronics and
    Nanotechnology, Brussels

62
Timeline Coordinators Meeting
  • Date October 13
  • Venue EC in Brussels
  • Paticipants BTH Scientific Steering Committee
  • FET coordinators and
  • BTH TG Leaders (and/or a deputy
    representative)
  • Objective FET presents expected project
    outcomes
  • ERCIM presents view of the action and overall
    plan and TG Leaders present progress to date
  • To arrive at mutual agreement on the way forward
    concrete roadmap for the remaining 8 months of
    the project.

63
Plenary Workshop
  • Date December 12-13
  • Venue Brussels
  • Participants ALL TG Leaders and the maximum
    number of TG participants
  • Program Introductory session (ERCIM President,
    FET, etc.)
  • Plenary session on Modalities for FET projects
    in FP7 (type of projects, evaluation criteria,
    etc.)
  • Plenary session on results from the 6 TGs
    (Leaders)
  • 2-3 Parallel sessions on new
    inter-disciplinary areas

64
Plenary Workshop
65
On-line communities infrastructurehttp//www.beyo
nd-the-horizon.net/
66
Portals functionality
  • Each Thematic Group Area includes
  • Documents area
  • documents for collaboration or sharing between
    the members can be uploaded, downloaded or viewed
  • Resources
  • resources relevant for each Thematic Group are
    available through keyword search, browsing by
    resource category (e.g., publication, event, etc)
    or by topic
  • Message Board
  • a tool for asynchronous communication between the
    members of a Thematic Group
  • Chat
  • a synchronous communication tool among TG members

67
(No Transcript)
68
Agenda
  • 1. Background - ERCIM
  • 2. Background the Technological Imperative
  • 3. Background - EC - FP6 and FP7
  • 4. The BTH proposal and project
  • 5. The 6 thematic groups and their work
  • 6. Preliminary conclusions / recommendations for
    FP7 workprogramme
  • 7. Conclusions

69
TG1 Pervasive Computing and Communications
70
TG1 Pervasive Computing and Communications
  • 1. Societal Artifacts will have to form up
    to goal tribes, i.e. ensembles of possibly
    complementing competencies, to act in a
    sensitive, proactive, and responsive way
    according to the perceived and anticipated needs,
    habits, and emotions of the users.
  • 2. Evolvable Systems systems to grow from
    their origin driven by their goals, In order
    to cope with the continuously changing contexts,
    conditions, and purpose of their use, system must
    become self-configuring, self-healing,
    self-optimizing and selfprotecting, both from a
    hardware as well as an software point of view.

71
TG1 Pervasive Computing and Communications
  • 3. Future Aware Behaviour research must go
    beyond the current state of the art in
    context-awareness and become future-aware in the
    sense that the system has a certain anticipation
    of future contexts of its use. The system must be
    able to foresee its near and far future, and the
    future of its environment respectively.
  • 4. Human-Computer Confluence post-tangible
    user interfaces, several users with different
    information, how to orchestrate private and
    public displays, Recent advances also brought
    input and output technology closer to the human,
    even connecting it directly with the human
    sensory and neural system in terms of in-body
    interaction and intelligent prosthetics.

72
TG2 Nanoelectronics and Nanotechnologies
  • More of Moore, More than Moore, Beyond Moore

73
TG2 Nanoelectronics and Nanotechnologies
  • Cooperative research on System-ability of
    emerging ICT technologies and devices
    investment in multi-disciplinary teams of
    nano-technology researchers and system architects
    to drive device research into realistic avenues
    that can lead to economically-justifiable
    nano-electronic systems for the future.
  • 2. Exploring the interfacing of nano-scale
    biology with nano-electronics research leading
    to new technologies for the integration of
    biological and non-biological components should
    represent an important component of the FP7
    program. By its very nature, this is an area
    where top-down lithographic and bottom-up
    self-organizing principles come together. Such
    hybrid bio-electronic systems

74
TG2 Nanoelectronics and Nanotechnologies
  • 3. Future interconnects for heterogenous system
    integration Open questions include the
    viability of self-assembly, usability of a
    canonical set of functions and regular layouts
    for general regular, modular, scaleable and
    reusable interconnect schemes, and whether or not
    the brain (high connectivity etc) is a good model
    for future IT systems.
  • To overcome constraints of a single clock, there
    is a move to asynchronous, on-chip internet-like
    networks. Challenges here occur, because key
    parameters such as latency, energy consumption,
    abundancy of wires and pins and deterministic
    wiring are different from the standard internet.
  • 4. Post-CMOS memory, storage and logic
    Emphasis should be placed on bottom-up
    technologies that have the potential to integrate
    with silicon, or offer clear advantages in the
    post-CMOS era. The issue of nano to macro
    interfacing/communication is absolutely crucial
    and may have to be solved before these devices
    can be incorporated into higher-level
    architectures.

75
TG2 Nanoelectronics and Nanotechnologies
  • 5. Nanoelectromechnical systems (NEMS)
    initiative aimed at developing probe array
    technology and NEMS, with emphasis on
    multidisciplinary teams of chemists, physicists,
    engineers and life scientists
  • 6. Quantum Information Processing bridging the
    IST and NMP thematic activities, aimed at
    Engineered Quantum Coherent Systems, using
    solid-state micro/nanotechnology and materials
    science to build coherent systems on a chip. This
    includes building novel or complex nano-based
    input-output devices connecting the outside world
    with individual solid state, atomic or hybrid
    quantum processors.

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TG3 Security, Dependability and Trust
  • 1. Ambient trustworthiness. The mass diffusion
    of digital systems must be endorsed with built-in
    mechanisms for enhancing trust and confidence on
    their usage. Common security mechanisms mainly
    based on boundaries and firewall protection
    mechanisms do not scale w.r.t. new complex
    systems. We should imagine different mechanisms
    as the one proposed by using analogies with
    bio-living world, e.g., immune and selfhealing
    systems. Security must be considered as an
    autonomic aspect of any ICT based system. This
    will definitely require new cognitive techniques
    and semantics models to understand self from
    non-self and managing the complexity of ambients
    where human/devices may jointly run and interact.
    Concepts and technology from Artificial
    Intelligence will be useful.
  • 2. Trust models. Lack of trust either on the
    cyber-infrastructure (due to frequent attacks) or
    the difficulties to model trust relationships
    among different entities (both human and digital
    ones) is one of the main barriers for the
    establishment of a real Information Society. As
    soon as the future ICT systems will involve
    billions of devices, the capability of managing
    trust relationships that foster cooperation is
    crucial. The understanding on how trust emerges
    and evolves as well as of related notions as
    reputation formation, monitoring and evolution
    are mandatory. Trustworthiness of the information
    origin is crucial to model trust on reputation.
    Security-based trust as well as trust-based
    security are two emerging areas of interest. A
    deeper understanding of trust needs the
    involvement of several expertise and research
    expertise from several fields as economy and
    sociology.

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TG3 Security, Dependability and Trust
  • Security with scarce resources. Security systems
    must be scaled down in order to be inserted in
    small devices (even at nano-scale) that enable
    ubiquitous and pervasive computing and
    communication. Tiny devices will definitely have
    specific requirements as energy consumption,
    computation power, and so forth. Efficient,
    flexible and scalable low-cost cryptographic
    protocols and mechanisms must be developed and
    combined in order to ease trust and confidence on
    the Ambient intelligence space as well as ensure
    privacy protection.
  • 4. Quantum technology for security. Nature can
    provide us a lot of resources to secure our
    information and communication systems. The
    possibility provided by quantum Physics to offer
    secret bits of information among authenticated
    distant partners is a Beyond-the-Horizon
    proposed research programmes 3 key tool for
    securing communications. Although this is not the
    whole story in security, it is a building block
    of many applications and protection mechanisms.
    Similarly, the current Quantum technology offers
    truly random numbers that may be already used in
    system. Security would definitely benefit their
    exploitation. There is an increasing need of
    exchanging of experience and knowledge among
    different fields, e.g. security, physics and
    engineering in order to fully understand and
    exploit the potentialities of Quantum Physics for
    security.

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TG3 Security, Dependability and Trust
  • 5. Cryptology beyond Quantum Computing. Quantum
    Physics and quantum computer may also represent a
    major threat for current cryptographic algorithms
    and mechanisms. A deeper understanding of future
    impact of these technologies on the current
    crypto-techniques is mandatory. We should study
    the assumptions on which Quantum Computers (QC)
    may act and their consequences on current
    methods, as well as the development of new QC
    resisting techniques.
  • 6. Assessability. Assessing and proving the
    trustworthiness of a complex system is a main
    issue. During the last years many techniques have
    been developed, especially in the dependability
    community. Yet, the scale of new ICT systems and
    the kind of threats and assumptions on their
    operational environment (not last the human
    factor) pose new challenges and the need for an
    assessability discipline is even more impelling.
    Different metrics, modelling tools and
    observability mechanisms are needed. The
    capability of measuring the tolerance to attacks
    is crucial in new systems that due to their
    logical and physical diffusion are likely
    constantly under possible attack.
  • 7. Verifiable security. The objective of the
    Grand Challenge is to develop a discipline of
    software security based on the development of
    methods, tools, and repositories for high-level
    verifiably secure programming. We advocate an
    approach based on verifiable security
    mathematical proofs showing compliance to
    policies (expressing safety, security, or
    functionality constraints) and sufficiently
    verifiable. Verifiable security is complementary
    to trust models, which focuses on interactions
    between agents and presupposes that software is
    correct and secure, and to cryptography, which
    focuses on establishing security goals.

79
TG4 Bio-ICT Synergies
80
TG4 Bio-ICT Synergies
  • New Modelling Paradigms is concerned with
    developing new computational modelling paradigms
    that can be used for modelling biological
    systems, specifically bridging among models of
    different aspects, different levels of
    granularity or different levels of abstraction of
    biological systems. These modelling paradigms
    would need to be such that they can capture the
    salient aspects of the systems they model, e.g.,
    by being able to bridge discrete and continuous
    modelling, by combining different timescales of
    model dynamics, or by combining different
    abstraction levels. These models could be applied
    to capture complex systems like
    atom-molecule-cell-tissue-organism, or
    atom-molecule-neuron-neurocolumn-cortex-brain
    models. They should be formulated such that they
    can be used as paradigms for other domains than
    the biological one. The Programme includes issues
    of coupling between the model and the system
    being modelled
  • 2. Bio-Inspired Strategies of Growth, Adaptation
    and Evolution focuses on processes of change in
    biological models and derives new algorithmic or
    physical approaches to Beyond-the-Horizon
    proposed research programmes 4 realise change in
    artificial systems. Change can be approached as
    growth, as adaptation, as learning, as evolution,
    and so on. Each of these work at different time
    scales and can have implications at the 'logical'
    as well as at the 'physical' level. Understanding
    and exploiting for instance growing materials or
    evolvable hardware, as well as aspects of
    self-organisation would fit under this theme.

81
TG4 Bio-ICT Synergies
  • 3. Bio-ICT Artifacts concentrates on building
    artificial components that can be used to
    augment, complement or replace natural
    capabilities of biological systems. Classical
    examples would include artificial retinas or
    physiologically coupled artificial limbs. The
    range of capacities is extended however beyond
    perception and action, and could include for
    instance memory, resistance to bacteria and
    viruses. The Bio-ICT interface is thus not
    necessarily acting at the sensing/actuator level,
    but can also interface directly in metabolic
    processes ('cyber-drugs').

82
TG5 Intelligent and Cognitive Systems
83
TG5 Intelligent and Cognitive Systems
  • Mind-body co-evolution Traditionally, in
    evolutionary robotics, the robot morphology is
    given and only the design of the control
    architecture is left to evolution, whereas in
    natural systems, the two aspect, morphology and
    (neural) control co-evolve in permanent
    interaction with the environment. In order to
    maximally exploit the power of evolution,
    controllers and robot morphologies have to evolve
    simultaneously. This process, ultimately,
    requires materials that can grow.
  • Materials and growth technologies Through growth
    biological organisms can form highly complex
    morphological structures starting from a single
    cell, and it is the permanent dynamical
    interaction of their body with the physical
    environment during this growth process, which
    enables the different levels of their minds to
    develop.

84
TG5 Intelligent and Cognitive Systems
  • 3. Morphological computation Classical
    artificial intelligence and cognitive science are
    founded on the notion of abstract symbol
    manipulation. Embodied agents, however, are
    fundamentally different from symbol-oriented
    computers their bodies directly perform
    processes essential to the agents successful
    operation. Such processes performed by
    morphological and material properties of a system
    in order to facilitate or to support control
    tasks. Examples are facet distributions in insect
    eyes, stiffness properties of muscletendon
    systems, and deformability of tissue on finger
    tips. Generally, the term is used to designate
    any process based on the shape of the entities
    involved (e.g. molecules, or modules of a robot)
    that might be interpreted as a computation.
  • 4. Design for emergence The challenge here is to
    design for emergence How can we design
    purposive agents without destroying the emergent
    nature of their behaviour? If we program purpose
    into the system, we may not learn very much about
    purpose itself, we just get out of the system
    what we program into it. Moreover, if we do not
    allow for emergence, we will not see any
    interesting behavior of the system evolving. It
    will also be difficult to specify purpose whose
    categories should this specification be based on
    the human designers/observers, or the
    artifacts?

85
TG6 Software-Intensive Systems
  • 1. Engineering Adaptive Software-Intensive
    Systems Instead of taking a top-down approach,
    where the whole knowledge is designed integrated,
    with a pure a-priori effort, we propose a
    bottom-up approach where the different knowledge
    parts are kept distinct and designed
    independently. The key idea is to consider
    diversity as a feature which must be maintained
    and exploited and not as a defect that must be
    cancelled or absorbed in some general
    universal-looking schema. People,
    organizations, communities, populations, cultures
    build diverse representations of the world for a
    reason, and this reason lies in the local
    context. It is hard to say what context exactly
    is. However it can be safely stated that context
    has many dimensions time, space, contingent
    goals, short term or long term goals, personal or
    community bias, environmental conditions, ...,
    and so on.
  • 2. Managing Diversity in Knowledge by
    Adaptation The challenge is to develop design
    methods and tools that enable effective design by
    harnessing, controlling and using the effects of
    emergent knowledge properties. This leads to the
    proposal of developing adaptive and, when
    necessary, self-adaptive knowledge systems and to
    the proposal of developing new methods, theories,
    tools and systems for knowledge engineering and
    management,

86
TG6 Software-Intensive Systems
  • 3. Eternal Software-Intensive Systems The
    challenge that we have identified is to (re-)
    organize todays decentralized and
    software-intensive systems such that they can
    survive in an constantly changing world.
    Literally, they have to run forever and must
    become eternal systems whose content and
    functionality can be passed from one generation
    to the other. We define eternal
    software-intensive systems as software systems
    which can survive changes in their execution
    environment without (or with as little as
    possible) human intervention regarding their code
    base. Changes include e.g., new usage patterns
    (self- optimization), functionality upgrades
    (that can be added without reverse engineering
    the running software), new versions of libraries
    or of the embedding operating system (discovery
    and exploitation of improved functionality) and
    hardware replacements (portability and network
    context).

87
Agenda
  • 1. Background - ERCIM
  • 2. Background the Technological Imperative
  • 3. Background - EC - FP6 and FP7
  • 4. The BTH proposal and project
  • 5. The 6 thematic groups and their work
  • 6. Preliminary conclusions / recommendations for
    FP7 workprogramme
  • 7. Conclusions

88
CONCLUSION
  • ERCIM is coordinating and leveraging through
    its institutes the academic and industrial
    communities throughout Europe to define the
    workprogramme for FET in FP7
  • There is still time for you to be involved
  • Project Leader Dimitris Plexousakis

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Bits, Atoms and Genes Beyond the Horizon
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