Hauora Maori Research in the Hazardous Drinking Project

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Hauora Maori Research in the Hazardous Drinking
Project

• An overview of research within the Hazardous
  Drinking Project related to Hazardous Drinking in
  Maori Students

Dr Joanne Baxter Te Ropu Rakahau Hauora Maori a
Kai Tahu Department Preventive and Social Medicine
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Perspectives
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Perspectives
Maori Health and Maori Development
Alcohol and Maori Health
Rangatahi Health
Maori Tertiary Student Drinking
Maori Education
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Perspectives
Maori Health and Maori Development
Alcohol and Maori Health
Rangatahi Health
Maori Education
Tertiary Student Drinking
Maori Tertiary Student Drinking
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Overview of Presentation

• Overview Hauora Maori Research Within the
  Tertiary Student Health Project
• Contexts Hazardous drinking among Maori Tertiary
  Students
• Findings University of Otago Survey 2002
• Challenges and Opportunities in the Research
• Implications

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Overview Hauora Maori Research Within the
Tertiary Student Health Project

• Maori researchers part of research team
• Contribution to development of projects and
  questionnaires
• Involved in analysis, interpretation and
  dissemination
• Support methods to gain knowledge on Maori e.g.
  Mana whakamaarama Equal Explanatory Power
• Across most aspects of the project

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Perspectives
Maori Health and Maori Development
Alcohol and Maori Health
Rangatahi Health
Maori Education
Tertiary Student Drinking
Maori Tertiary Student Drinking
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Maori Health and Social Context
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Alcohol a health / social issue impacting on
Maori

• Like Sir Apirana Ngata, who was petitioned by
  Ngati Porou women, to use his parliamentary
  powers to stop the further sale of alcohol on the
  Coast, ... And yet here we are, nearly a century
  later, still trying to deal with the destructive
  effects of alcohol, in Maori communities.
• Hone Harawira Speech to the House Tue 4 March
  2008 Alcohol Advisory Council Ammendment Bill

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Maori and alcohol health context

• Historical and colonial context
• Research into consumption levels and patterns
• Research and analyses describing health impacts
  of alcohol

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Te Rau Hinengaro New Zealand Mental Health
Survey

• Over 2,500 Maori 16 years and older (Total almost
  13,000)
• Measured prevalence alcohol abuse and dependence
• Hazardous drinking AUDIT scores

ALAC publication November 2006
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Selected Outcomes Te Rau Hinengaro
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Summary Maori and alcohol

• Maori increased burden due to alcohol
• Differing pattern from European increased
  hazardous drinking and alcohol disorders among
  drinkers
• Te Rau Hinengaro increased prevalence among
  young

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Context Maori in Tertiary Education
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Ministry of education February 2007
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Maori in Tertiary Education

• Maori increasing participation in tertiary
  education
• Maori under-represented in degree and
  postgraduate tertiary qualifications
• Maori participating in tertiary education at
  older age-groups (alongside the young)
• Length of degree and attrition from Masters and
  Doctorates

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Summary Implications of contexts (health and
education)

• Alcohol a significant health issue for Maori
  particularly 16-24 years, 25-44 years
• Harm due to alcohol evident in research
• Maori numbers tertiary education growing however
  Maori under-represented in degree and
  post-graduate programmes
• Hazardous drinking as an issue potential risk to
  education and wellbeing

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Tertiary Student Health Project and Maori

• Findings from Alcohol Use Survey Otago 2002

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Alcohol Use Survey (University of Otago) 2002

• Sample Otago enrolments April 2002
• 7.3 Otago students self-identified as Maori
• Sought to double number of Maori students (to get
  276 14.6) and 1634 non-Maori (85.6)
• Approach letter, email
• Web based survey

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Alcohol Use Survey (University Otago) 2002

• Survey instrument
• Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT)
• 7-day retrospective diary including number of
  standard drinks consumed on each day and duration
  of drinking session
• Alcohol Problem Scale alcohol related
  consequences in previous 3 months
• Academic Role Expectations and Alcohol Scale

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Alcohol Use Survey (University Otago) 2002 -
Results

• Response rate Maori 79.4 (n219)
• Response rate non-Maori ethnicities 82.3 (n1345)

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Demographic characteristics ethnicity
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Mean AUDIT score (95 C.I.) by ethnicity and
gender
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Drinking risk status by ethnicity
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Proportion drinking hazardously (AUDIT 8)
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Drinking intensity by ethnicity and gender
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Reported consequences Maori students
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Summary 2002 Otago Survey

• Overall high levels of hazardous drinking among
  Maori and European students in particular and
  much lower among Asian Students and All Others.
• When compared to European, Maori have higher
  rates of hazardous drinking and drinks per
  occaision this is largely due to differences
  among women.
• Consequences of drinking serious and common among
  Maori tertiary students

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Research limitations, challenges and
opportunities

• More data to analyse in other surveys
• Project is in Universities and need further
  research to understand Maori tertiary students
  drinking non-University settings
• Focus on young people and may also be need among
  older students
• Important not to do a Maori / Non-Maori
  comparison Maori and European closer however
  very different to Others
• Research approaches taking into account Maori
  contexts provides opportunity for research that
  is relevant and contributes to positive outcomes
  for Maori

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Conclusion

• Alcohol related harm is a health issue with
  disproportionate impact on Maori
• Reducing hazardous drinking and consequences may
  contribute to enhanced outcomes within tertiary
  institutions for Maori.
• Strategies to address hazardous drinking among
  Maori students must be cognisant of contexts.
• Research in this area needs to ensure appropriate
  opportunities to address questions related to
  Maori through a range of approaches e.g. equal
  explanatory power, tailoring of questionnaires to
  Maori contexts including te reo

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Next steps Current and future

• University policies and environment (Kim and
  Julia)
• Analysis of surveys 2005 /2007 overall and by
  gender
• 2007 survey role of involvement in family,
  community, other participation (Julia)