Information Modeling of Conceptual Process Planning Integrated with Conceptual Design

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Information Modeling of Conceptual Process
Planning Integrated with Conceptual Design

• Shaw C. Feng and Eugene Y. Song
• ???
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Contents

• Introduction
• A Summary of the State of the Art in Integrating
  Conceptual Process Planning into Conceptual
  Design
• Conceptual Function Design Conceptual Design
• Conceptual Process Planning
• Literature Review
• Conceptual Process Planning Information Modeling
  Fundamentals
• Object Modeling for Conceptual Process Planning
• Concluding Remarks

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Abstract

• Integration between process planning and design
• To enable evaluating manufacturability and
  manufacturing cost and time
• as early as possible in the design process
  (conceptual)
• The lack of interface standard to enable the
  integration of current CAD CAPP systems.
• Information model to define interface standard
• Activity model
• Sets the context in which the objects are used
  for information sharing and exchange.
• Object model
• Define classes used in conceptual process
  planning
• For manufacturing process selection, resource
  selection, cost and time estimation
• The main purpose of developing this model to
  initiate the development of standard interface
  specifications (necessary for design and process
  planning integration)

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Introduction (1)

• Influence of design on manufacturing cost great
• Errors in the early stage of design as much as
  70 to the cost of production
• Making sound decision in the early design
  rather difficult
• many unpredictable factors in manufacturability,
  quality, reliability, serviceability, etc.
• Most CAD CAM tools
• applied to improve detailed design and detailed
  manufacturing planning, but not conceptual
  design,
• does not include functions, behaviors, form,
  structure, tolerances, and surface conditions
  that determine manufacturing method and cost.

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Introduction (2)

• Integrated design and process planning at a
  Conceptual level
• Needs
• Design engineers need to consider concurrently
  manufacturability in the design processes
• Foundation
• In the design engineering research, some
  researchers have proposed some methods for cost
  estimation, material process selection and basic
  manufacturing engineering processes and
  technology
• Problem
• Computer-aided tools (integrated conceptual
  design and process planning) are still far from
  being satisfactory in real-world application.
• Reason
• lack of theoretical foundations to characterize
  the process of early product design and the
  integration of various functions and technologies
  for effective product design.

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Introduction (3)

• The initial information model
• for improving communications between conceptual
  design and process planning activities in the
  early design phase.
• Focus interoperability

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2. A Summary of the State of the Art in
Integrating Conceptual Process Planning into
Conceptual Design (1)

• Conceptual Function Design Conceptual Design
• Gorti and sriram
• developed a software framework for conceptual
  design, which could map an evolving symbolic
  description of design into a geometric
  description
• Mukherjee and Liu
• presented an a bstraction for conceptual design
  by using function-form relation matrices provided
  a link between purely functional and purely
  geometric representations and a means to carry
  out domain-dependent manufacturability
  evaluations
• Theodoracatos and Ahmed
• described an expert system for conceptual design
  that interprets functional structures, searches
  engineering solution, and evaluates concepts
• Anderson and Makkonen
• described the development of the CANDLE modeling
  language to support the early design phases of
  mechanisms and manipulator system.
• Tomiyama, Umeda and Yoshikawa
• proposed a methodology (Function-Behavior-State,FB
  S) to model functions and introduced a
  computerized tool to support functional design
  based FBS modeling
• Kimura and Suzuki
• attempted to capture and to represent product
  background information (requriements,
  specifications, constraints, decision history,
  trial-and-error processes, and other rationale
  rules)
• Wong and Sriram
• developed an object-oriented framework for
  storing product and design processes allowed the
  representation of multiple versions of parts
  relation between function, form, and behavior for
  each part part attributes constraints and
  assembly relationships
• Hsu and Woon
• conducted a survey of the current state of
  research and development of conceptual design
  activities, and also compared the adventages and
  disadvantages of various technologies and tools
• These technology and tools were still far from
  being available for real industrial applications
• Not provide realistic assessment of
  manufacturability of conceptual product developed
  in early design stage

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2. A Summary of the State of the Art in
Integrating Conceptual Process Planning into
Conceptual Design (2)

• The idea of integrating conceptual process
  planning has just been developed, compared to
  conceptual design.
• Until recently, CAPP focus metal removal (NC
  machining) excluding other applications (casting,
  forming, welding, inspection, assembly)
• Haudrum
• developed an approach to consider production
  methods in design stage
• Lenau
• presented a method for the selection of
  manufacturing processes and materials based on a
  computer tool that inspired the designer to
  examine materials/processes.
• Giachetti
• described a prototype material and manufacturing
  process selection system that integrates a
  formal, multi-attribute decision model with a
  relational database
• Boothoyd and Dewhurst
• introduced another systematic approach to select
  manufacturing process according to material and
  shape.
• Evbuomwan and Sivaloganathan
• developed a design function deployment(DFD)
  software tool to support material and process
  selection
• Manufacturing cost estimation in the early stage
• an important topic for concept process planning
  a critical element for decision making in design.
• Only a definition and a reference architecture
  for conceptual process planning have been
  introduced.

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2. A Summary of the State of the Art in
Integrating Conceptual Process Planning into
Conceptual Design (3)

• From literature review,
• Current state Initial stage of research and
  application
• Both computerized conceptual process planning and
  the high-level integration between conceptual
  design and conceptual process planning are at the
  initial stage of research and application.
• Problems Lack of integration mechanism
• There lacks an effective integration mechanism to
  support the interoperability between these two
  functions.
• Requirements Interface specification definition
  information model
• The interface software is usually developed based
  on a standard interface specification.
• The interface specification has to be define in
  information models
• Suggestions activity model object model
• Activity model and an initial object model for
  the future development of the standard interface
  specification that supports the integration of
  conceptual design and conceptual process planning.

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3 Conceptual Process Planning Information
Modeling Fundamentals

• Conceptual Process Planning (CPP)
• An activity of assessing the manufacturability
  and estimating the cost of conceptual design in
  the early product design stage.
• aims at determining manufacturing process,
  selecting resources and equipment, and estimating
  manufacturing costs and time.
• Support product design to optimize product form,
  configuration, and material selection to minimize
  the manufacturing cost.
• Detailed Process Planning
• An activity based on a detained design and the
  results from conceptual process planning to
  specify operation, determine operation sequences,
  select machines and tools to be used, depict
  setups, define process parameters, and estimate
  process time and manufacturing cost.

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3 Conceptual Process Planning Information
Modeling Fundamentals A2
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3 Conceptual Process Planning Information
Modeling Fundamentals A22
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4 Object Modeling for Conceptual Process Planning

• The object model
• Contains information on the data flow in
  conceptual process planning, described in the
  activity model.
• Object modeling of process, resource, and cost
  structure for a conceptual design is described.
• In the format of the Unified Modeling Language
  (UML)

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4 Object Modeling for Conceptual Process Planning
- Process
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4 Object Modeling for Conceptual Process Planning
- MaterialRemoving
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4 Object Modeling for Conceptual Process Planning
- Forming
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4 Object Modeling for Conceptual Process Planning
- Assembly
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4 Object Modeling for Conceptual Process Planning
- ManufacturingResource
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4 Object Modeling for Conceptual Process Planning
Manufacturing Cost
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4 Object Modeling for Conceptual Process Planning
Manufacturing Time
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Concluding Remarks

• Integrating conceptual design and conceptual
  process planning
• Conceptual process planning manufacturing
  analysis activity
• Selecting manufacturing process based on
  conceptual design
• Selecting manufacturing resources
• Estimating manufacturing cost and time.
• Incorporating manufacturing activity into design
  ensure
• the design is manufacturable and within cost
  limits
• Information Model
• To support developing and integrating the
  software tools
• Suggested draft model
• A conceptual process planning activity model
• An object model developed based on the activity
  model to enable the integration.
• Data type process, resource, and cost/time
  (IDEF0, UML)

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Concluding Remarks

• Further work
• Validate the draft model using more industrial
  cases
• Formally represent manufacturing process
  knowledge
• Develop an initial prototype system of integrated
  conceptual design and conceptual process planning
• Industrial collaborations
• To success of the project
• Plan to obtain state-of-the-art knowledge-based
  system (the prototype system and collect
  industrial parts as the test cases)
• Using information model and test cases ?
  implement a new design and manufacturing planning
  information exchange mechanism
• need to specify standard interface for
  next-generation software tools (CADCAPP system)