Geography Skills

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Geography Skills

• The Five Themes

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Geography Review Back to the Basics

• Compass Rose

NE
NW
SE
SW
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Geography Skills Back to the Basics

• Cardinal Directions The main directions (North,
  South, East, West)
• Intermediate Directions The directions half way
  between the cardinal directions (NE, SE, SW, NW)

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Hemispheres

• Hemi means half and sphere means circle.
• Each hemisphere shows one half of the earth at a
  time.
• The earth is divided into the Northern, Southern,
  Eastern and Western Hemispheres.

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Northern Southern Hemispheres

• The Equator divides the Earth into Northern and
  Southern Hemispheres.
• The Equator circles the middle of the Earth like
  a belt. It is located between the North and
  South Poles.

Equator
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Northern Southern Hemispheres

• Everything north of the Equator is in the
  Northern Hemisphere.
• Everything south of the Equator is in the
  Southern Hemisphere.

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Name that Hemisphere!!
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Name that Hemisphere!!
Northern
Southern
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Eastern Western Hemispheres

• The Prime Meridian divides the Earth into Eastern
  Western Hemispheres.
• The Prime Meridian (also called the Meridian of
  Greenwich) runs through Greenwich, England. It
  runs from the North Pole to the South Pole.

Prime Meridian
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Eastern Western Hemispheres

• Everything east of the Prime Meridian for 180
  degrees is in the Eastern Hemisphere.
• Everything west of the Prime Meridian for 180
  degrees is in the Western Hemisphere.

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Name that Hemisphere!!
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Name that Hemisphere!!
Eastern
Western
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Exact/Absolute Location

• To locate places on Earth, geographers use a
  system of imaginary lines that crisscross the
  globe.
• These lines are called latitude and longitude.

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Lines of Latitude

• Lines of latitude are imaginary circles that run
  east and west around the globe known as
  parallels.
• These parallels divide the globe into degrees.
• Lines of latitude measure distance north and
  south of the equator.

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Lines of Latitude Equator

• The Equator is 0 degrees latitude.
• The letter N or S that follows the degree
  symbol tells you if the location is north or
  south of the equator.
• Ex North Pole is 90 degrees N latitude and the
  South Pole is 90 degrees S latitude.

30 N
30 S
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Lines of Longitude

• Lines of Longitude, also known as meridians, run
  from the North Pole to the South Pole.
• Longitude measures distance east and west of the
  Prime Meridian.

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Lines of Longitude
East
West

• Prime Meridian is 0 degrees longitude.
• The letter E or W tells you if the location
  is east or west of the Prime Meridian.

Prime Meridian
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Relative Location

• Sometimes you might find it more useful to use
  relative location of a place or where it is
  located in relation to some other place.
• Relative location includes knowing how places are
  connected to one another.
• Ex Is a place located near a lake, river, or
  other source of water and transportation?

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Relative Location

• Answers to these kinds of questions explain why
  cities grew where they did.
• Chicago, Illinois developed at the center of
  water, road, and railroad transportation in the
  Midwest.