Image Guided Endoscopy

1
Image Guided Endoscopy
Presentation By BRIAN STOWE With Group Members
(Group 31) ROBBIE SUTKAY MONICA VAJANI And
Mentor DR. PARAG PARIKH
2
Agenda

• Need Specifications
• Analytic Efforts
• Design Details
• Bronchoscope
• Imaging
• Localization
• Software
• Display
• Materials and Methods
• Conclusion
• Questions

3
Need

• Lung Cancer is the most common cause of
  cancer-related death in the United States
• 60 of tumors in the lung are benign, but the
  only way to be sure is to get a biopsy
• With the invention of filtered cigarettes, small
  particles infiltrate deep into the lungs
  periphery
• Current bronchoscopes cant accurately reach
  these small tumors

• Need Specifications
• Analytic Efforts
• Design Details
• Bronchoscope
• Imaging
• Localization
• Software
• Display
• Materials and Methods
• Conclusion
• Questions

4
Specifications

• Reach 85 of the lungs by volume from the
  primary bronchi
• Have a success rate of 75 verified through
  clinical studies using biomarkers.
• Real-time 3-D imaging of moving lung to within 2
  mm
• System cost 70,000
• Compatible with current bronchoscopes and their
  display systems

• Need Specifications
• Analytic Efforts
• Design Details
• Bronchoscope
• Imaging
• Localization
• Software
• Display
• Materials and Methods
• Conclusion
• Questions

5
Analytic Efforts

• The smallest area needed to be sampled is
  approximately 12mm
• The fastest a tumor will move during a breathing
  cycle is 6 cm/s
• The Nyquist-Shannon sampling theorem states that
  a signal should be sampled at twice its frequency
  to avoid sampling

• Need Specifications
• Analytic Efforts
• Design Details
• Bronchoscope
• Imaging
• Localization
• Software
• Display
• Materials and Methods
• Conclusion
• Questions

6
Design Details - Bronchoscope

• Need Specifications
• Analytic Efforts
• Design Details
• Bronchoscope
• Imaging
• Localization
• Software
• Display
• Materials and Methods
• Conclusion
• Questions

• The system will NOT include a bronchoscope
• Our design will be fully compatible with all
  major brands of bronchoscopes, including
• Olympus, Pentax, Fujinon

7
Design Details - Imaging

• A 4D-CT scan will be taken before the surgery to
  provide a map for the surgeon

• Need Specifications
• Analytic Efforts
• Design Details
• Bronchoscope
• Imaging
• Localization
• Software
• Display
• Materials and Methods
• Conclusion
• Questions

8
Design Details - Imaging

• Need Specifications
• Analytic Efforts
• Design Details
• Bronchoscope
• Imaging
• Localization
• Software
• Display
• Materials and Methods
• Conclusion
• Questions

• The 4D-CT scan must be supplemented with
  pneumatic bellows to correctly image the lung
  with respect to the patients pleural cycle

9
Design Details - Localization

• Aurora Electromagnetic Tracking System
• Force Generator
• System Control
• Sensor Interface

• Need Specifications
• Analytic Efforts
• Design Details
• Bronchoscope
• Imaging
• Localization
• Software
• Display
• Materials and Methods
• Conclusion
• Questions

• Sensor Coils

10
Design Details - Localization

• Need Specifications
• Analytic Efforts
• Design Details
• Bronchoscope
• Imaging
• Localization
• Software
• Display
• Materials and Methods
• Conclusion
• Questions

• A steerable catheter will be sent into the lung
  with a guide wire inside
• The guide wire will have the sensor coil
  embedded in the tip
• When the catheter is positioned, the guide wire
  will be removed and replaced with diagnostic tools

11
Design Details - Software

• Once the 4D-CT images are taken, the surgeon
  will pinpoint the location of the tumor in the
  lung.
• The surgeon will then use the software to map a
  route to the tumor in 3D

• Need Specifications
• Analytic Efforts
• Design Details
• Bronchoscope
• Imaging
• Localization
• Software
• Display
• Materials and Methods
• Conclusion
• Questions

12
Design Details - Software

• The software will then track the progress of the
  bronchoscope as the surgeon works towards the
  tumor

• Need Specifications
• Analytic Efforts
• Design Details
• Bronchoscope
• Imaging
• Localization
• Software
• Display
• Materials and Methods
• Conclusion
• Questions

13
Design Details - Software

• The software will then track the progress of the
  bronchoscope as the surgeon works towards the
  tumor

• Need Specifications
• Analytic Efforts
• Design Details
• Bronchoscope
• Imaging
• Localization
• Software
• Display
• Materials and Methods
• Conclusion
• Questions

14
Design Details - Software

• If the surgeon deviates more than 1 cm from the
  mapped route, an auditory and visual alarm
  triggers

• Need Specifications
• Analytic Efforts
• Design Details
• Bronchoscope
• Imaging
• Localization
• Software
• Display
• Materials and Methods
• Conclusion
• Questions

15
Design Details - Software

• The main image can toggle between the CT scan
  composite and the bronchoscopic camera

• Need Specifications
• Analytic Efforts
• Design Details
• Bronchoscope
• Imaging
• Localization
• Software
• Display
• Materials and Methods
• Conclusion
• Questions

16
Design Details - Display

• Need Specifications
• Analytic Efforts
• Design Details
• Bronchoscope
• Imaging
• Localization
• Software
• Display
• Materials and Methods
• Conclusion
• Questions

• The display system will allow for three options
• The surgeon can view the procedure on the 15.4
  screen on a laptop included in the system
• The surgeon can connect the laptop to a display
  system in the room (via S-Video to a TV or VGA to
  a separate monitor)
• Both systems can be used concurrently, outputting
  separate video feeds

17
Materials and Methods
Part Part Price Lead
Time

• Need Specifications
• Analytic Efforts
• Design Details
• Bronchoscope
• Imaging
• Localization
• Software
• Display
• Materials Methods
• Conclusion
• Questions

Total 16,730
18
Conclusions

• Need Specifications
• Analytic Efforts
• Design Details
• Bronchoscope
• Imaging
• Localization
• Software
• Display
• Materials and Methods
• Conclusions
• Questions

• Our goals were achieved without sacrificing any
  product specifications
• Our cost limit was 70,000, and our final cost
  was 16,730
• In the future we can embed the sensor coils
  directly on diagnostic tools, eliminating the
  guide wire step
• Software updates will also likely be necessary

19
Conclusions

• Need Specifications
• Analytic Efforts
• Design Details
• Bronchoscope
• Imaging
• Localization
• Software
• Display
• Materials and Methods
• Conclusions
• Questions

• There is little IP associated with our product,
  since we are mostly assembling products from
  other companies
• The basis for our software is open-source, so it
  is unlikely we will prove significant enough
  deviation for a costly patent

20
uestions