HUMANITAIRE INFORMATIESYSTEMEN

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HUMANITAIRE INFORMATIESYSTEMEN

• Dr. Bartel Van de Walle
• Department of Information Management
• Tilburg University

Beatrix College 1 april 2008
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Only media reports available to the international
community an the early phase
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Central Government gets more information through
area assessment
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Challenge to compile complete overview of
impact From various sources
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Disaster-impact in remote areas is unknown
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First international response arrives at the
airport (Reception Centres)
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More international response arrives
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On-Site Coordination of international
responders on-site
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International coordination meetings in various
sectors
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Vast amount of international responders in the
affected country
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National and local disaster management overwhelmed
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The entire scope of the disaster is often only
understood after several days
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Inadequate or confusing information about
the situation
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Casualties and stress amongst local officials
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National and local disaster management
hesitating to use international disaster response
tools
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Media pressure on disaster managers in the
affected country and in responding countries
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Efficient integration of international response
with the national response effort
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Afghanistan DRC Bosnia
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They can happen anywhere
Hurricane Katrina 2005
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After
Before
Settlements cleared between the two dates
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GoogleEarth project Crisis in Darfur
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What is a disaster?
Natural hazard Storm, flood, hurricane drought,
volcanic eruption, earthquake, tsunami,
landslide, etc)
Vulnerability of society to the hazard (due to
location, environment, lack of preparedness or
capacity)

DISASTER
Disaster A serious disruption of the
functioning of a community or a society causing
widespread human, material, economic or
environmental losses which exceed the ability of
the affected community or society to cope using
its own resources
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The risk management cycle

• Awareness and Prevention
• Hazard prediction and modeling
• Risk assessment and mapping
• Systemic risks
• Regional/city Planning
• E-Learning ..

• Preparation
• Monitoring early warning
• Scenarios development
• Emergency Planning maps
• Training

• Alert
• DSS
• Scenario identification
• all media alarm
• Secure dependable telecom

• Recovery
• Lessons learnt
• Scenario update
• Socio-economic and environmental impact
  assessment
• Spatial re-planning

• Immediate response
• Emergency telecommunication
• Command control coordination
• Situational awareness
• Dispatching of resources
• Communication to the citizens

Sustained response Interventions that
restore Functionality of critical systems and
meet social needs.
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Disaster cycle
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The Challenge
M. Hunold, S. Teßmann, U. Raape (DLR, Germany),
M. Müller (GFZ, Germany)
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INFORMATION SYSTEMS

• ... DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS

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An integrated systems model example early
warning system
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End-to-end Systems includes lots of soft
technology like capacity building, guidance and
preparedness-planning and there is still a need
to incorporate new communication technologies.
Patricio Bernal, UNESCO ADG and Executive
Secretary of IOC
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INFORMATION SYSTEMS

• EXAMPLE 1
• GLOBAL OUTBREAK ALERT AND RESPONSE NETWORK

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GOARNs Primary Aims

• Assist countries with disease control efforts by
  ensuring rapid appropriate technical support to
  affected populations
• Investigate and characterize events and assess
  risks of rapidly emerging epidemic disease
  threats
• Support national outbreak preparedness by
  ensuring that responses contribute to sustained
  containment of epidemic threats

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GOARN - April,2000

• No single institution has all the capacity!
• a global technical network of (from 70 to 150)
  partner institutions and networks
• Focus and coordinate global resources - local gt
  regional gt global
• Coordinated/supported by WHO to provide rapid
  international team support to countries for
  outbreak response

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Regionalization of epidemic alert and response
system
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SHOC at the centre of WHO Response

• WHO Regional Offices Cairo, New Delhi,
  Washington, D.C., Manila, Copenhagen, Brazzaville
• WHO Country Offices Iran, Jordan, Indonesia
• FAO, Italy
• IAEA, Austria
• OCHA, Switzerland

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INFORMATION SYSTEMS

• EXAMPLE 2
• UNOSAT

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UNOSAT Rapid Mapping Unit

• Processing, analysis, distribution
• Technical team (scalable, normally 6 persons)
• Operational 24/7
• Image analysts, GIS-experts, cartographers,
  geophysicists, agronomists, meteorologists
• Operational office in Geneva

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Basic method
Pre
Post
Compare satellite imagery acquired before (pre)
and after (post) disaster
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Field verification, interaction, data upload

• UNOSAT sends expert to the field to verify
  imagery analysis
• If UNOSAT not in the field, field verification is
  provided by partners, e.g. OCHA FIS, UNDAC,
  MapAction, others

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INFORMATION SYSTEMS
EXAMPLE 3 WEB-VISTA HUMANITARIAN
INFORMATION UNIT, DEPT. OF STATE, USA
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Static VISTA
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WebVISTA a strategic humanitarian intelligence
tool

• WebVISTA is a new web-based visualization tool
  designed to provide humanitarian situational
  awareness and analysis. This prototype has been
  developed by the US Department of States
  Humanitarian Information Unit using Spotfires
  DecisionSite visual analytics software.

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Query Devices
Pie Chart
GIS Map
Title
Database
Hyperlinks to Analysis
Bar Chart/Histogram
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Where did conflict incidents take place?
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What was the number and percentage of people
reported killed due to livestock raids?
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What were the reported number of people killed by
month in 2006?
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What is the analysis on conflict in the Horn of
Africa?
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INFORMATION SYSTEMS
EXAMPLE 4 SAHANA FREE AND OPEN SOURCE
SOFTWARE
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New exciting developments
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New exciting development
www.ted.com/index.php/talks/view/id/58
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CONCLUSION
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YOU CAN ALSO HELP! Tilburg Univ. Students in
2005 Disaster Recovery projects in Sri Lanka
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Thank you
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ISCRAM Information Systems for Crisis Response
and Management
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