All You Need to Know About Knee Sprains - Types and Treatment Options

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Joining the thigh bone (femur) to the shin bone
(tibia), knee forms one of the largest and most
complex joints in the human body. The thigh bone,
shin bone, knee cap essentially make the knee
joint where the tendons connect these bones to
the muscles, and ligaments join these bones to
provide stability to the knee. In this PPT, we
are going to give you a brief introduction into
knee sprain, its causes, types, symptoms, and
treatment options. So, what is a knee
sprain?A knee sprain is an injury caused when
the ligaments of the knee that support and
stabilize the knee are stretched or torn. There
are four types of knee ligaments that help knee
joint bend back and forth and control the knee in
its place during excessive movements. And hence
four types of ligament injuries can result in
knee sprains.
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Type of Ligaments Knee Sprains Lateral
Collateral Ligament (LCL)  Collateral ligaments
are the fibrous structures that protect the knee
from excessive side-to-side movements. Lateral
Cruciate Ligament is a connected thigh and shin
bone and is located outside of the knee providing
stability. It is least likely to be injured among
all the ligaments. Medial Collateral Ligament
(MCL) Medial Collateral Ligament is located
along the inner side of the knee joint and it can
be injured or torn when the knee suffers a direct
sideway blow which can happen during sports like
hockey, football, rugby or sever knee twists
during wresting or skiing. Anterior Cruciate
Ligament (ACL) Cruciate ligaments are the
ligaments that support forward/backward and
rotational stability of the knee and are often
more prone to sports injuries as compared to
collateral ligaments. These ligaments are located
inside the knee joint forming an X pattern, to
act as knee stabilizers.
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A sudden twist, stop pivot or change in direction
of the movement, overstretching, or even direct
blow to the knee can result in ACL injuries which
happen to be common among season
sportspeople. Posterior Cruciate Ligament
(PCL)  PCL along with ACL helps in stabilizing
the knee and naturally is prone to injury. The
injury to the PCL often occurs due to the direct
impact to the front knee caused either of landing
hard on a bent knee or sudden blow to the front
knee during sports. Like ACL, PCL is more prone
to injuries in football, rugby, and basketball
players.
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Treatment for Knee Sprain Knee pain, swelling,
stiffness, and instability are common symptoms of
knee sprain. The knee specialist evaluates the
knee sprain to identify the exact cause of the
swelling and pain. Each of the ligaments
health is identified to know the cause of the
severity of the injury. All the above types of
knee sprain can be again classified into Grade 1
(minor), Grade 2 (moderate- partial tear), and
Grade 3 (Severe- complete tear) based on the
diagnosis. As for Grade 1 Grade 2 injuries,
RICE (Rest, Ice, and Compress Elevate) method
is used and a knee specialist treats the swelling
and pain with anti-inflammatory drugs while
suggesting a brace. Sprains caused by the Grade 3
ACL, MCL or LCL can warrant surgical repair and
reconstruction performed knee surgeon. Need more
info knee sprains? Or are you suffering from a
knee sprain and are looking for the best knee
surgeon in Mumbai? Then you can contact Dr. Niraj
Vora here Mail nlv_at_drnirajvora.com
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