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Clinical Application of Steroidal Compounds

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Title: Clinical Application of Steroidal Compounds


1
Clinical Application of Steroidal Compounds
2
Introduction
  • Steroidal compounds are a class of natural
    chemical components widely found in nature,
    including plant sterols, bile acids, insect
    allergic hormones, cardiac glycosides, steroidal
    saponins, and steroidal alkaloids. Steroidal
    compounds are widely found in animals and plants
    and have various biological activities. Some
    steroidal compounds are used to treat diseases.
    For example, progesterone can be used as
    contraceptive, spironolactone can be used as
    diuretic, and diosgenin is used to synthesize
    steroid hormones.

3
Classification of steroidal compounds
  • Steroidal compounds can be divided into
    estrogens, androstenoids and progesterone
    compounds according to different chemical
    structures. According to their pharmacological
    effects, steroids can be divided into sex
    hormones (estrogens, progesterone, androgen and
    protein anabolic hormones) and adrenocortical
    hormones (glucose metabolism corticosteroids,
    salt metabolism corticosteroids).

4
Physiological effects of steroidal compounds
  • The most important role of steroidal compounds in
    biological systems is as hormone. Steroid
    hormones bind to their receptor proteins to
    produce physiological responses that trigger gene
    transcription and changes of the cellular
    function. The most important steroidal compounds
    for human physiology are cholesterol, steroid
    hormones, and their precursors and metabolites.
    In the blood, steroid compounds are responsible
    for transporting proteins. Cholesterol is the
    earliest discovered steroidal compound, mainly
    found in the blood, fat, brain and nerve tissues
    of animals. Many animal hormones are sterols,
    such as progesterone, testosterone, estradiol in
    sex hormones, and corticosterone in adrenal
    hormones. Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol
    (LDL-C) causes different diseases, such as
    arteriosclerosis.

5
Steroidal drugs
  • Common steroidal drugs are oxymetholone,
    testosterone undecanoate, dehydromethyltestosteron
    e, methionone, and stanozolol. Steroidal drugs
    can be taken orally or by injection, and specific
    drugs may be required to be ingested in a
    specific way, but direct injection is usually
    more effective than oral administration. It is
    generally believed that if the steroid drugs are
    taken through oral administration, the steroid
    drugs will be directly absorbed by the body, but
    in fact, the steroid drugs are difficult to be
    digested by the body. Steroidal drugs have strong
    anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects,
    and have high medical value for inflammatory
    diseases, allergic diseases, and autoimmune
    diseases. However, excessive use of steroid drugs
    may lead to abnormalities in the
    hypoamalmic-pituitary-adrenocortical axis,
    leading to atrophy of the adrenal cortex due to
    long-term cessation of work, ultimately leading
    to patients dependence on steroid drugs.

6
Clinical application of steroidal compounds
  • Sterides are substances that the body would
    secrete. In addition, we can quickly secrete
    large amounts of sterides when exposed to
    external stress or in critical situation.
    Analeptic is an anabolic steroid that can be used
    to increase the explosive force of an athlete to
    achieve a goal of improving athletic performance
    in a short period of time. However, the side
    effects of excessive consumption of the steroid
    drugs are very harmful to the body. Tendons and
    ligament injuries caused by long-term exercise
    can also be treated with steroid drugs, which can
    be detected from the urine within a few months of
    use. Once the body suffers from accidental
    injury, stress or disease, the body's immunity
    will be affected, and various symptoms such as
    inflammation, allergies, and endocrine
    incoordination will occur. These symptoms can be
    alleviated by the steroidal drugs. It is
    necessary to take steroidal drugs under the
    guidance of a doctor to achieve optimal treatment
    and minimize possible side effects.
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