Overview of carbohydrate metabolism

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Carbohydrate Metabolism An Overview
R. C. Gupta Professor and Head Department of
Biochemistry National Institute of Medical
Sciences Jaipur, India
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Digestion
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Absorption
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Sodium is transported into the mucosal cells down
its concentration gradient
At the same time, glucose is transported into the
mucosal cells against its concentration gradient
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A rise in sodium concentration in intra-cellular
fluid is physiologically intolerable
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Pumping of sodium occurs against its
concentration gradient
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Salient features of glucose transporters
Trans-porter Location Specificity Energy depen- dence Insulin depen- dence
SGLT 1 Luminal side of enterocytes and renal tubular cells Glucose, galactose Yes No
GLUT 1 Erythrocytes Glucose No No
GLUT 2 Contraluminal side of enterocytes, liver and renal tubular cells Glucose, galactose, fructose No No
GLUT 3 Brain Glucose No No
GLUT 4 Adipocytes, muscles and myocardium Glucose No Yes
GLUT 5 Luminal side of enterocytes and liver Fructose No No
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Metabolic pathways
for carbohydrates
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Thank you