Short Bowel Syndrome: Causes, Symptoms, Daignosis, Prevention and Treatment

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Short Bowel Syndrome
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Short Bowel Syndrome

• Short bowel syndrome (SBS) is a disorder that
  occurs when a large portion of the intestine does
  not work normally. This can occur if a large
  section of the intestine has been surgically
  extracted or if a baby is born with an abnormally
  short intestine.Complications of short bowel
  syndrome
• Child does not gain weight (sometimes labeled
  failure to thrive)
• Dehydration
• Vitamin deficiencies as a result of poor
  absorption in the intestine
• Ulcers from excess stomach acid
• Bacterial overgrowth in areas of dilated
  intestine
• Kidney stones or gallstones due to poor
  absorption of calcium or bile
• Liver disease

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Causes of short bowel syndrome

• When present at birth, short bowel syndrome can
  be caused by
• Narrowing or obstruction of the intestines
• Abnormally short small intestine
• Short bowel syndrome (SBS) can occur as a result
  of surgery
• NEC (necrotizing enterocolitis) in babies
• Twisting of the intestine (volvulus)
• Intestinal resection for Crohns disease
• Removing part of the intestine for other reasons
  (tumors, abnormal blood supply, strictures, etc.)

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Other issues

• Intestinal pseudo-obstruction or abnormal
  motility of the bowel
• Rupture to the intestines from radiation therapy

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Symptoms of short bowel syndrome

• Poor weight gain or weight loss
• Bloating
• Poor appetite
• Increased gas
• Foul smelling stools
• Fatigue
• Pale or pasty-looking skin
• Vomiting

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Treatment of short bowel syndrome

• Proper diet plays a vital role in helping the
  body absorb all the nutrients it needs to grow. 
  For infants, the diet can consist of breast milk
  or formulas that are pre-digested or
  hypoallergenic.At the starting stage of
  treatment, IV nutrition is generally needed for
  growth and good hydration. Treatment of vitamin
  deficiency and anemia is also very
  important. It is hoped that the bowel will grow
  in size and adapt to eventually be able to
  perform all the required functions without the
  need for IV nutrition. Intestinal
  transplantation can be chosen for severe forms of
  short bowel syndrome.

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