Pulmonary Aspergilloma: Causes, Symptoms, Daignosis, Prevention and Treatment - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Pulmonary Aspergilloma: Causes, Symptoms, Daignosis, Prevention and Treatment

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Pulmonary Aspergilloma is a form of fungal infection that is characterized when a fungal ball is developed in the lung cavities. – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Pulmonary Aspergilloma: Causes, Symptoms, Daignosis, Prevention and Treatment


1
Pulmonary Aspergilloma
2
Pulmonary Aspergilloma
  • Pulmonary aspergilloma is a kind of fungal
    infection that is characterized when a fungal
    ball is developed in the lung cavities.
    Typically, older males tend to be affected the
    most by this infection.The cause of pulmonary
    aspergilloma is due to a fungus called
    aspergillus. One of the major risk factor for
    infection is having specific underlying lung
    conditions, like asthma or cystic fibrosis, and a
    weakened immune system.Most individuals with
    pulmonary aspergilloma do not show any
    significant symptoms, meaning they tend to be
    asymptomatic. In others, chest pain, unintended
    weight loss, and blood in cough may be seen.A
    possible complication of pulmonary aspergilloma
    is the spread of infection away from the lungs
    and lung bleeding (pulmonary hemorrhage), which
    can be dangerous.

3
What are the causes of pulmonary aspergilloma?
  • Pulmonary aspergilloma is caused by a fungus
    called Aspergillus.
  • It is formed when the fungus grows in a lung
    cavity, but does not invade the surrounding lung
    tissue
  • The most common type of fungus causing pulmonary
    aspergilloma is Aspergillus fumigatus

4
How can pulmonary aspergilloma be prevented?
  • The following can help prevent Pulmonary
    Aspergilloma
  • Try to avoid places where aspergillus is present,
    especially if an individual has underlying lung
    infections or a weak immune system
  • Aspergillus is grown on dead leaves, stored
    grains, compost pile, and decaying vegetation.
    Individuals who are living with specific health
    conditions (poor immune systems) should try to
    ignore these areas.

5
What are the signs and symptoms of pulmonary
aspergilloma?
  • Most of the individuals affected by pulmonary
    aspergilloma may not show any symptoms of the
    disease. It can be diagnosed incidentally while
    performing imaging studies for other conditions.
    Some of the individuals may show the following
    signs and symptoms
  • Chest pain
  • Cough with or without any sputum (phlegm)
  • Blood in cough
  • Unintentional weight loss
  • Fever
  • Tiredness/fatigue

6
How is pulmonary aspergilloma diagnosed?
  • Mostly pulmonary aspergilloma is diagnosed as an
    incidental finding, as many individuals do not
    show any symptoms. The doctor might order the
    following tests and examinations to assist and
    confirm the diagnosis
  • Blood tests To detect antibodies specific to
    Aspergillus fungus
  • Chest X-ray
  • CT scan of the chest
  • Sputum culture and microscopy
  • Biopsy of lung tissue with culture studies
  • Bronchoscopy with cultures of bronchial washings
  • Many clinical conditions may have similar signs
    and symptoms. Your doctor may perform additional
    tests to rule out other clinical conditions to
    arrive at a definitive diagnosis.

7
How can pulmonary aspergilloma be treated?
  • Most of the individuals who are affected with
    pulmonary aspergilloma do not develop any
    significant symptoms, and hence, no treatment may
    be required.Also, the fungal ball in the lung
    remains of the same size in a majority of the
    cases. Sometimes, it may also regress or resolve
    spontaneously without any treatment.In others,
    the following treatment measures may be
    considered
  • If the individual is coughing-up blood, treatment
    is necessary
  • The individual might require emergency
    resuscitation by fluid and blood components, if
    the bleeding is large and severe
  • Anti-fungal medications can be used
  • Surgical treatment of the affected cavity and
    extraction of the fungal ball can be considered
    in case of severe or recurrent bleeding.

8
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