Journal of Anesthesiology and Pain Management

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Anesthesiology Pain Management
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Anesthesiology is defined by the American Society
of Anesthesiologists as "The practice of
medicine dedicated to the relief of pain and
total care of the surgical patient before, during
and after surgery."
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Pain relief in surgery

• Before a surgery, patient will undergo anesthesia
  evaluation tests by anesthesiologist.
  Anesthesiologist will make a plan for the surgery
  that takes into account the individual needs of
  the patient.
• On the day of the surgery, the anesthesiologist
  supervises the administration of medication so
  that the patient will not experience pain.
• However, the anesthesiologist does not physically
  provide most anesthetics. They supervise either a
  CRNA or Anesthesia Assistant while they provide
  the anesthetic. CRNAs often work independently
  without supervision as well.

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types of anesthesia offered during surgery
General anesthesia The patient "goes to sleep"
while the operation lasts. Sedation Intravenous
drugs calm the patient or make them unaware of
the procedure. Regional anesthesia Local
anesthetic is injected near the nerves to numb
the area that will be operated. These may be
nerve blocks or spinal or epidural injections.
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FUNCTIONS TO BE monitored AFTER INSERTION OF
anesthesia

• They monitor the patients bodily functions,
  assess the best way to treat the vital organs,
  and provide a balance of medications suited to
  the individual's needs.
• Heart rate and rhythm
• Breathing
• Blood pressure
• Body temperature
• Fluid balance

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After surgery
After the procedure, the anesthesiologist
continues to be responsible for the patient's
overall care. They will reverse the effects of
the anesthesia and continue to evaluate the
patient and keep them comfortable as they
recover. During this process, the
anesthesiologist will direct other health
workers, including specialist nurses.
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Critical and emergency care and other roles
The anesthesiologist also plays a key role in
critical care and treatment and trauma. They
assess patients, make diagnoses, provide support
for breathing and circulation, and help to ensure
that infection is prevented. Anesthesiologists
are also qualified to contribute to emergency
medicine, providing airway, cardiac
resuscitation, support and advanced life support
and as well as pain control. They help stabilize
patients and prepare them for surgery.
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Pain control and advice

• An anesthesiologist who specializes in pain
  medicine may assist patients who have pain due to
  a range of causes, including headaches,
  burns, diabetes and herpes, or where they are
  experiencing chest pain, abdominal, pain pelvic
  pain, and so on.
• Their role in this field includes
• Treating the patient
• Prescribing medication and rehabilitative
  services
• Performing pain-relieving procedures
• Counseling patients and families

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Thank you

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