Diabetic Foot: Symptoms, Risks, Diagnosis, Treatment and Prevention (1) - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Diabetic Foot: Symptoms, Risks, Diagnosis, Treatment and Prevention (1)

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A diabetic ulcer is a condition in, which an open sore or wound occurs on the foot of a diabetic patient. Around 15% of the patients with diabetes develop this disease. – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Diabetic Foot: Symptoms, Risks, Diagnosis, Treatment and Prevention (1)


1
Diabetic Foot
2
Diabetic Foot
  • A diabetic ulcer is a condition in, which an
    open sore or wound occurs on the foot of a
    diabetic patient. Around 15 of the patients with
    diabetes develop this disease. Uncontrolled
    diabetes leads to the breaking down of skin
    tissue and revealing the layers underneath the
    foot. The diabetic foot ulcer can be very deep
    and may affect bones, tendons, and foot muscles.
    If a diabetic foot ulcer is left untreated, it
    can result in
  • Accumulation of fluids (pus) in the foot
  • Infection in the bone
  • Infection that can spread to other parts
  • Gangrene, due to poor blood flow

3
Risks factors for Diabetic foot ulcers
  • Every diabetic patient is at risk of developing
    a foot ulcer. Some other factors that can
    increase the risk of diabetic foot are
  • High glucose levels
  • Excessive alcohol consumption
  • Cardiovascular disease
  • Obesity
  • Smoking or any other form of tobacco intake
  • Kidney disease

4
Symptoms
  • One of the most common symptoms of the diabetic
    foot is a development of ulcer on the bottom or
    the other side of the foot. This ulcer may drain
    some abnormal fluid leaving spots on your socks
    and shoes. The critical symptom of diabetic foot
    is the formation of an eschar (dead tissue)
    around the ulcer. Lack of blood flow to the foot
    often results in the death of tissue in the foot.
    The other symptoms of diabetic foot may include 
  • Excessive swelling
  • Bleeding
  • Irritation
  • Redness
  • Pain around the foot ulcer
  • Unpleasant smell from the feet

5
Diagnosis of Diabetic Foot Ulcer
  • The diagnosis of diabetic ulcer will help your
    doctor to evaluate
  • How deep the ulcer is
  • Presence of infection, if any
  • Circulatory problems
  • Initially, the doctor will diagnose the diabetic
    foot ulcer by conducting a thorough physical
    examination, which includes heart rate
    measurement, blood pressure, and your body
    temperature. The doctor will also test the
    circulation of blood in your legs and feet. A
    doctor may also use cotton or a thin needle to
    check the ulcer to see how deep it is. To
    understand your case better a doctor may order a
    diagnostic test.

6
Diagnosis of Diabetic Foot Ulcer
Continue
  • The diagnostic tests for diabetic foot may
    include
  • MRI
  • CT Scan
  • Blood test
  • Bone scan
  • X-ray
  • Culture test of the ulcer

7
Treatments
  • The treatment of diabetic foot starts with the
    self-care. Do not put too much pressure on your
    affected foot, pressure can make ulcer more
    severe and painful. Wear diabetic shoes to get
    relief from the mild symptoms of a diabetic foot.
    Wash your feet with daily with a disinfectant
    soap or liquid solution. Diabetic foot ulcer
    can be removed by a procedure called,
    Debridement. This procedure removes the infection
    and dead skin around the foot. A doctor may also
    prescribe antiplatelets, antibiotics, and
    anti-clotting medicines to restrict the growth of
    an infection. The silver and calcium dressing
    creams can be applied around the
    ulcer. However, if none of the above treatments
    are helpful, a surgery is performed to remove
    some part of the foot to prevent infection from
    growing in other parts of the body.

8
Prevention of Diabetic foot ulcer
  • The problem of a diabetic foot ulcer is
    preventable if a diabetic patient undertakes the
    following measures
  • Keeping high blood sugar under control
  • Wearing comfortable shoes
  • Washing your feet regularly
  • Changing socks daily
  • Moisturising your feet
  • Proper trimming of toe nails

9
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