HIV/AIDS-“Not a communicable disease” - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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HIV/AIDS-“Not a communicable disease”

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HIV kills or damages the body's immune system cells. AIDS is the most advanced stage of infection. Learn more about the symptoms and treatments, causes, diagnosis and preventions – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: HIV/AIDS-“Not a communicable disease”


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HIV/AIDS-Not a communicable disease
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HIV/AIDS-Not a communicable disease
  • Human immune deficiency virus/Acquired
    immunodeficiency syndrome is a spectrum of
    conditions caused by Human deficiency virus(HIV).
    HIV virus suppresses the immune system of our
    body hugely by affecting the T cells and
    destroying them. T cells are the most important
    warrior of our body to fight infection. With very
    less immune to other infections, our body becomes
    susceptible to all possible conditions of any
    other diseases.
  • After initial infection, HIV viruses reproduces
    very fast, and the body may show certain
    influenza like symptoms in response to that
    infection, as out immune system produces HIV
    antibodies.
  • HIV can show no symptoms after the initial
    infection from certain months to even many years
    to decades.
  • In 2015 there are around 37.2 million people
    living with HIV/AIDS and resulted in a 1.2
    million death, mostly in the sub-Saharan Africa.
  • Since HIV was discovered, 78 million people have
    contracted HIV, and AIDS has claimed 35 million
    lives

3
Symptoms
  • Symptoms of HIV /AIDS
  • The first phase of the infection is known as
    acute phase. Most people experience influenza like
    symptoms post 2-4 weeks after infection, whether
    some people don't have any symptoms. These
    symptoms include
  • Fever
  • Swollen lymph glands
  • Several aches and pains
  • After initial stage, a stage of latency occurs
    where the HIV infection last in the body for many
    years without showing any signs or symptoms.
    Without treatment, the HIV infection can acquire
    the form of AIDS must faster than people
    undergoing any treatment.
  • In AIDS, the immune system of our body is acutely
    compromised, so people have high tendency to get
    certain diseases which are

4
Symptoms
Continue
  • Candidiasis
  • tuberculosis
  • cytomegalovirus (CMV), a type of herpes virus
  • cryptococcal meningitis
  • toxoplasmosis, and infection caused by a parasite
  • cryptosporidiosis, an infection caused by an
    intestinal parasite
  • cancer, mostly which are caused by viruses such
    as Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) and lymphoma
  • kidney disease

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Symptoms of AIDS can include
  • recurrent fever
  • chronic swollen lymph glands, especially of the
    armpits, neck, and groin
  • night sweats
  • dark splotches under the skin or inside the
    mouth, nose, or eyelids
  • sores, spots, or lesions of the mouth and tongue,
    genitals, or anus
  • recurrent or chronic diarrhea
  • rapid weight loss
  • neurologic problems such as difficulty
    concentrating, memory loss, and confusion
  • anxiety and depression

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Causes of HIV/AIDS
  • HIV can only be transferred from one person to
    another by bodily fluids, such as
  • Blood
  • Semen
  • Vaginal fluids
  • Breast milk
  • HIV doesn't spread by
  • skin-to-skin contact
  • hugging or shaking hands
  • air or water
  • eating or drinking items, including drinking
    fountains

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Causes of HIV/AIDS
Continue
  • saliva, tears, or sweat (unless mixed with blood
    from an infected person)
  • sharing a toilet, towels, or bedding
  • mosquitoes or other insects
  • HIV/AIDS is only caused by HIV virus, which can
    spread from one person to another by bodily
    fluids.
  • HIV can be transferred from mother to child
    during pregnancy, but treatment can reduce the
    risk.
  • HIV can be transferred from a infected person to
    a healthy person by blood transfusion and sexual
    contact.

8
Treatment
  • Treatment for HIV
  • There is no cure for HIV. No vaccine also which
    can reduce the risk to this disease.
  • But antiviral therapy is given to the patients
    which can reduce the symptoms and help in
    improving the immune system.

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Diagnosis of HIV/AIDS
  • During the few months of infection antibody
    result may come false negative, as the immune
    cells may not form the antibodies in that period.
  • Most people develop antibodies in 21 to 87 days
    of period antibodies for HIV are tested for in
    the blood sample, which may confirm the
    infection.
  • Other test include nucleic acid test, which look
    for the virus for itself in the blood.
  • HIV  patients are isolated from the society,
    which make them more vulnerable to the disease.
    It is not a communicable disease till someone
    doesn't share the bodily fluids with anyone
    he/she cannot get infected. HIV affected people
    should be accepted by people and help them
    overcome their deadly disease.
  • Certain precautions during blood transfusion or
    sexual contact can decrease the risk of this
    disease.

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