Arrhythmia : Causes, Symptoms and Treatment

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Arrhythmia(Irregular Heartbeat)

• CAUSES SYMPTOMS TREATMENT

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INTRODUCTION TO ARRHYTHMIA

• An arrhythmia occurs when the electrical impulses
  that coordinates your heartbeats don't work
  properly, resulting in your heart to beat too
  fast, too slow or abnormally. The condition may
  feel like a racing heart and may be undamaging.
  However, some heart arrhythmias may lead to
  life-threatening symptoms.
• An arrhythmia is a problem with the rate or rythm
  of the heartbeat (irregula heartbeat). During an
  arrhythmia, the heart can beat too fast, too
  slow, or with an irregular rhythm.
• A heartbeat that is too fast is called
  tachycardia. A heartbeat that is too slow is
  called bradycardia.

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CAUSES OF ARRHYTHMIA

• Coronary artery disease
• High blood pressure
• Changes in the heart muscle (cardiomyopathy)
• Valve disorders
• Electrolyte imbalances in the blood, such
  as sodium or potassium
• Injury from a heart attack
• The healing process after heart surgery
• Other medical conditions
• Hypertension
• Excessive stress

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CAUSES OF ARRHYTHMIA

• An arrhythmia doesnt usually cause any symptoms.
  But gradually, it may show certain signs
  including A fluttering in your chest
• A racing heartbeat
• A slow heartbeat
• Chest pain
• Shortness of breath
• Light-headedness or dizziness
• Sweating
• Fainting (syncope) or near fainting

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TEST AND DIAGNOSIS OF ARRHYTHMIA

• ECG During an ECG, sensors (electrodes) that can
  detect the electrical activity of your heart are
  attached to your chest and sometimes to your
  limbs. An ECG measures the timing and duration of
  each electrical phase in your heartbeat.
• Echocardiogram In this non-invasive test, a
  hand-held device (transducer) placed on your
  chest uses sound waves to produce images of your
  heart's size, structure and motion.
• Implantable loop recorder This device detects
  abnormal heart rhythms and is implanted under the
  skin in the chest area.

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CONTINUE -TEST AND DIAGNOSIS OF ARRHYTHMIA

• Electrophysiological testing and mapping In this
  test, doctors thread thin, flexible tubes
  (catheters) tipped with electrodes through your
  blood vessels to a variety of spots within your
  heart. Once in place, the electrodes can map the
  spread of electrical impulses through your heart.
• Stress Test During a stress test, you'll be
  asked to exercise on a treadmill or stationary
  bicycle while your heart activity is monitored.
  If doctors are evaluating you to determine if
  coronary artery disease may be causing the
  arrhythmia, and you have difficulty exercising.

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TREATMENTS OF ARRHYTHMIA

• Usually, treatment for an arrhythmia is required
  only if the arrhythmia is causing significant
  symptoms or if it's putting you at risk of a more
  serious arrhythmia or arrhythmia complication. 
• Treating slow heartbeats If slow heartbeats
  don't have a cause that can be corrected, doctors
  often treat them with a pacemaker because there
  aren't any medications that can reliably speed up
  your heart.
• Treating fast heartbeats For fast heartbeats,
  treatments may include vagal manoeuvres,
  medications, cardioversion, and catheter ablation.

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