Introduction to Web and PHP MySQL

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By Programmer Blog

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Introduction to World Wide Web and basics of
PHP By http//programmerblog.net
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What is Internet and World Wide Web?

• Internet Global system of interconnected
  networks
• It is a network of networks that consists of
  millions of private, public, academic, business,
  and government networks of local to global scope.
• Use TCP/IP to serve billions of users worldwide.
  
• Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) and IPTV.
  Newspaper publishing, blogging, and web feeds.
• Human interactions through instant messaging,
  Internet forums, and social networking sites.
• www Collection of interconnected documents and
  other resources
• System of interlinked hypertext documents
  contained on the Internet.
• http Hyper Text Transfer Protocol
• Hyperlink (or link) is a reference to a document
  that the reader can directly follow.
• Hypertext is text displayed with references
  (hyperlinks) to other text that the reader can
  immediately access
• Protocol to transfer hypertext docs from server
  to client.

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Web Application Development
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• Web application development is the process and
  practice of developing web applications.
• Request / Response Model
• In HTTP, web browsers or spiders typically act as
  clients, while an application running on the
  computer hosting the web site acts as a server
• Static vs. Dynamic web pages
• Server Side Scripting Languages
• J.S.P, ASP. Net Cold Fusion, Python, PHP

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W.A.M.P Installation

• On windows WAMP or XAMPP can be installed
• Web Server Apache
• Server Side Language PHP
• DBMS MySql
• PhpMyAdmin

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PHP History

• Rasmus Lerdorf - Creator of PHP language
• PHP - 1995 Collection of Perl/CGI scripts
• PHP/FI was created by Rasmus Lerdorf in 1995,
  initially as a simple set of Perl scripts for
  tracking accesses to his online resume
• PHP/FI - 1997 Form Interpreter
• Rasmus wrote a much larger C implementation,
  which was able to communicate with databases, and
  enabled users to develop simple dynamic Web
  applications .
• Personal Home Page / Forms Interpreter
• PHP 3.0 June 1998
• lots of different databases, protocols and APIs,
• Developers joined in and submit new extension
  modules
• PHP Hypertext Preprocessor.

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PHP History

• PHP 4
• Zend Engine Introduced in 1999
• Support for Web servers
• Object Oriented Programming
• PHP 5
• Zend Engine 2.0
• XML and Web Services
• Object Oriented Support
• Exception Handling
• A lot of new Features

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PHP History
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• PHP 7 current version on PHP
• is latest version of PHP with lot of improvement.
  Some of new features are
• 1. Speed
• 2. Type Declaration
• 3. Return Type Declarations
• 4. Error Handling
• 5. Spaceship Operator
• 6. Null Coalesce Operator
• 7. Unicode support for emoji and international
  characters.
• 8. Constant arrays using define()
• 9. Anonymous classes
• 10.Generator delegation
• 11.CSPRNG Functions Generate cryptographically
  secure integers and strings in cross platform
• way

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Why PHP ?

• Open Source Linux Apache - PHP - MySQL
• One of top 5 most popular languages
• Small medium enterprise level applications
• Server Side Scripting
• Command Line
• Desktop Applications (PHP GTK)
• Available for Windows, Linux, Mac
• Many Web Servers Apache, IIS, nginx,
  Lighthttpd
• Relational / No SQL Databases MySql, Oracle,
  MSSQL, mongoDB, PostgreSql
• Built in Support Regex, XML and other functions
  math etc
• Services LDAP, POP3 and so on

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PHP Online Popular Projects

• PHP
• Facebook - The worlds biggest social networking
  platform is written in PHP.
• 150 million users and counting, and in my
  experience, significantly faster and more stable
  than competing platforms written in other
  languages (e.g. MySpace).
• Yahoo! - formerly the worlds largest search
  engine. Yahoo! makes use of PHP.
• You Tube - the worlds biggest video sharing
  website uses PHP technology.
• Wikipedia - User contributed web encyclopedia has
  PHP elements.
• Digg.comSocial news network.
• Sourceforge.orgThe world's largest Open Source
  software development web site.
• Flickr.comOnline photo sharing and storing

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PHP Configuration

• PHP.ini
• Php configuration file is read when php
  starts up. Values of different environment
  variables can be set in php.ini file. Some of the
  features are
• Execution time
• File upload size and so on
• Session paths
• Upload file size
• Short tags
• Error reporting
• Safe mode

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PHP Basics Code Blocks

• Standard Tags lt?php ?gt
• Short Tags lt?........ ?gt
• ASP Tags lt.....gt (Removed from php 7.0)
• Script Tags
• ltscript languagePHPgtlt/scriptgt (Removed from
• PHP 7.0)

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PHP Basics Language Constructs

• Constructs are elements that are built-into the
  language
• echo
• echo 10
• Every statement ends with semi colon.

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PHP Basics Comments

• Single Line Comments -
• // this is a single line comment
• this is a single line comment
• Multi Line Comments - / .. /
• / This is a
• Multi line comment
• /

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PHP Basics Data Types

• Scalar Data types
• Integer (Signed)
• String
• Floating point
• Boolean
• Composite
• Arrays
• Objects

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PHP Basics Data Types

• Integer
• echo 10 echo -123echo 066 echo 0xFF
• Floating Point
• echo 10.2 echo 0.009
• echo 2E7 echo 1e2

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PHP Basics Data Types

• String
• echo String in double quotesecho string in
  single quotes
• Boolean
• True or False
• Composite Data types
• Arrays , Objects
• Null
• Resource

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PHP Basics Variables

• PHP is a loosely typed language
• Variables are storage container in memory
• Variables are identified with sign
• Valid variables
• a-zA-Z, numbers, underscores
• Variable variable
• contents of variable to reference a new variable

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PHP Basics Variables

• Variables existence
• Isset
• Destroying
• unset
• Constants
• define(country",     United States")

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PHP Basics Operators

• operators are the catalysts of operations
• Assignment Operators
• Arithmetic Operators - /
• String Operators .
• Comparison Operators lt gt lt gt Ternary
  operator
• Logical Operators ! XOR
• Bitwise Operators XOR NOT
• Error Control Operators
• Incrementing/Decrementing Operators --
• Typeof

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Operators Increment / Decrement

• a 1
• // Assign the integer 1 to a
• echo a
• // Outputs 1, a is now equal to 2
• echo a
• // Outputs 3, a is now equal to 3
• echo --a
• // Outputs 2, a is now equal to 2
• echo a--
• // Outputs 2, a is now equal to 1

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Operators Arithmetic Operators

• Addition a 1 3.5
• Subtraction a 4 - 2
• Multiplication a 8 3
• Division a 15 / 5
• Modulus a 23 7

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Concatenation - Assignment Operator

• string PHP" . MySql"
• string2 Zend"
• string . string2
• echo string
• Will print PHP MySql Zend

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PHP Basics Operator Precedence

• x 9 1 10
• Expecting result 100 but getting 19
  Multiplication has higher precedence
• Highest Precedence /
• -
  .
• lt lt
  gt gt
• And
• Xor
• Lowest precedence or

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PHP Basics Escape Sequences

• \" Print the next character as a double quote,
  not a string closer
• \' Print the next character as a single quote,
  not a string closer
• \n Print a new line character (remember our
  print statements?)
• \t Print a tab character
• \r Print a carriage return (not used very
  often)
• \ Print the next character as a dollar, not as
  part of a variable
• \\ Print the next character as a backslash,
  not an escape character
•   MyString "This is an
  \"escaped\" string"    MySingleString
  'This \'will\' work'    MyNonVariable "I
  have \marks in my pocket"    MyNewline
  "This ends with a line return\n"    MyFile
  "c\\windows\\system32\\myfile
  .txt"

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PHP Basics Control Structure -1

• Control structures allow you to control the flow
  of your script
• if (expression1)
• elseif (expression2)
• else

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PHP Basics Control Structure -1

• ternary operator
• (condition) ? output output
• echo 10 x ? Yes No
• Equivalent in IF-Else
• if (10 x)
• echo 'Yes'
• else
• echo 'No'

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Control Structures Switch statement

• switch (n) case label1   //code to be
  executed if nlabel1   break
• case label2   //code to be executed if
  nlabel2   break
• default //  if n is different from both
  label1 and label2

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PHP Basics Loops

• while - loops through a block of code while a
  specified condition is true
• do...while - loops through a block of code once,
  and then repeats the loop as long as a specified
  condition is true
• for - loops through a block of code a specified
  number of times
• foreach - loops through a block of code for each
  element in an array

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PHP Basics While Loop

• while (condition)   code to be executed 
• i1while(ilt5)    echo "The number is " .
  i . "ltbr /gt"  i  

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PHP Basics Do While Loop

• do    code to be executed  while
  (condition)
• i1do     i   echo "The number is " .
  i . "ltbr /gt"  while (ilt5)

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PHP Basics For Loop

• for (init condition increment)    code to be
  executed 
• for (i1 ilt5 i)    echo "The number is
  " . i . "ltbr /gt" 
• Break
• Causes the loop to stop and program execution to
  begin at the statement immediately following the
  loop.
• Continue
• causes the iteration to be skipped

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