Arduino based Automatic Temperature Controlled Fan Speed Regulator

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Arduino based Automatic Temperature Controlled
Fan Speed Regulator
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Arduino based Automatic Temperature Controlled
Fan Speed Regulator
Introduction

• This practical temperature controller controls
  the temperature of any device according to its
  requirement for any industrial application, it
  also has a feature of remote speed control. The
  LM-35 Analog Temperature device is interfaced to
  analog pin of Arduino board, where it has built
  in ADC which converts these analog reading and
  displays it on a LCD, which indicate the
  temperature of the device. User-defined
  temperature settings can be done using push
  buttons provided through Arduino board.

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Arduino based Automatic Temperature Controlled
Fan Speed Regulator
Block Diagram
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Arduino based Automatic Temperature Controlled
Fan Speed Regulator
Hardware Requirements

• Arduino develop board
• LCD
• Transformer
• Voltage Regulator
• High speed DC motor
• Temperature sensor.

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Arduino based Automatic Temperature Controlled
Fan Speed Regulator
Software Requirements

• Keil compiler
• Language Embedded C or Assembly.

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Arduino based Automatic Temperature Controlled
Fan Speed Regulator
Power Supply
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Arduino based Automatic Temperature Controlled
Fan Speed Regulator
Arduino Board

• Arduino is a single-board microcontroller.
• Intended to make the application of interactive
  objects and environments more easier.
• Basically this is very user friendly. There is a
  microcontroller unit embedded on it.
• The code is directly loaded from the computer.

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Arduino based Automatic Temperature Controlled
Fan Speed Regulator
Arduino

• The Arduino microcontroller is an easy to use yet
  powerful single board computer.
• It has gained considerable traction in the hobby
  and professional market.
• The Arduino is open-source.
• Which means hardware is reasonably priced and
  development software is free.

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Arduino based Automatic Temperature Controlled
Fan Speed Regulator
Electronic Speed Control

• An electronic speed control or ESC is simply an
  electronic circuit which is used to control the
  speed of dc motor.
• It can take up to 30Amp Continuous current.
• It has the feature of automatic power cut off,
  over heat protection, over voltage protection.

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Arduino based Automatic Temperature Controlled
Fan Speed Regulator
Battery

• Lithium-ion polymer battery is used here.
• It is rechargeable and it provides required power
  to arduino board and dc motor and other
  components.
• It can last for long time after charged once.

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Arduino based Automatic Temperature Controlled
Fan Speed Regulator
DC Motor

• Brushless DC electric motor is a device powered
  by a DC electric source via an integrated power
  supply
• It produces an AC electric signal to drive the
  motor.
• It can give up to 10,300 rpm.

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Arduino based Automatic Temperature Controlled
Fan Speed Regulator
Liquid Crystal Display (LCD)

• Most common LCDs connected to the
  microcontrollers are 16x2 and 20x2 displays.
• This means 16 characters per line by 2 lines and
  20 characters per line by 2 lines, respectively.
• The standard is referred to as HD44780U, which
  refers to the controller chip which receives data
  from an external source (and communicates
  directly with the LCD.

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Arduino based Automatic Temperature Controlled
Fan Speed Regulator
LCD Background

• If an 8-bit data bus is used the LCD will require
  11 data lines
• (3 control lines plus the 8 lines for the
  data bus)
• The three control lines are referred to as EN,
  RS, and RW
• ENEnable (used to tell the LCD that you are
  sending it data)
• RSRegister Select (When RS is low (0), data is
  treated as a command)
• (When RS is High(1), data being sent is text data
  )

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Arduino based Automatic Temperature Controlled
Fan Speed Regulator
LCD Background

• R/WRead/Write (When RW is low (0), the data
  written to the LCD)
• (When RW is low (0), the data reading to the LCD)

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Arduino based Automatic Temperature Controlled
Fan Speed Regulator
LCD Display

• LCD display is a flat panel electronic visual
  display.
• 264 display board is used in this project.
• Value of temperature in degree Celsius.
• Corresponding value of speed in rpm are
  displayed.
• It also displays the temperature on an LCD
  display in the range of 55C to 125C.

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Arduino based Automatic Temperature Controlled
Fan Speed Regulator
LM 35 Temperature Sensor

• LM35 are used to sense the heat and an IC
  ADC0808 is used to convert the data into digital.
  
• LM35 digital sensor has got 3 pins i.e., VCC,
  GND and output pins when LM35 is heated the
  voltage at output pin increases.
• It is connected to the analog to digital
  convertor IC (ADC).
• The LM35 series are precision integrated-circuit
  temperature sensors, whose output voltage is
  linearly proportional to the Celsius (Centigrade)
  temperature.

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Arduino based Automatic Temperature Controlled
Fan Speed Regulator
LM 35 Temperature Sensor

• The LM35 thus has an advantage over linear
  temperature sensors calibrated in Kelvin.
• As the user is not required to subtract a
  large constant voltage from its output to obtain
  convenient Centigrade scaling.

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Arduino based Automatic Temperature Controlled
Fan Speed Regulator
LM 35 Temperature Sensor

• The LM35 does not require any external
  calibration or trimming to provide typical
  accuracies of 1/4C at room temperature and
  3/4C over a full -55 to 150C temperature
  range.

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Arduino based Automatic Temperature Controlled
Fan Speed Regulator
MOTOR Driver L293D

• L293D is a dual H-bridge motor driver integrated
  circuit (IC).
• Motor drivers act as current amplifiers since
  they take a low-current control signal and
  provide a higher-current signal.
• This higher current signal is used to drive the
  motors.

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Arduino based Automatic Temperature Controlled
Fan Speed Regulator
MOTOR Driver L293D

• L293D contains two inbuilt H-bridge driver
  circuits.
• In its common mode of operation, two DC motors
  can be driven simultaneously, both in forward and
  reverse direction.

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Arduino based Automatic Temperature Controlled
Fan Speed Regulator
Operation of Motor Driver

• L293D has 2 set of arrangements.
• One set has input 1, input 2, output 1 and
  output 2.
• Other set has input 3, input 4, output 3 and
  output 4.
• According to block diagram if pin no 2 7 are
  high then pin no 3 6 are also high.

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Arduino based Automatic Temperature Controlled
Fan Speed Regulator
Operation of Motor Driver

• If enable 1 and pin number 2 are high leaving pin
  number 7 as low then the motor rotates in forward
  direction.
• If enable 2 and pin number 10 are high leaving
  pin number 15 as low then the motor rotates in
  forward direction.
• If enable 1 and pin number 2 are low leaving pin
  number 7 as high then the motor rotates in
  reverse direction.
• If enable 2 and pin number 15 are high leaving
  pin number 10 as low then the motor rotates in
  forward direction.

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Arduino based Automatic Temperature Controlled
Fan Speed Regulator
Working Principle

• The heart of the circuit is an Arduino board
  which controls all its functions. 
• An IC LM35 is used as temperature sensor.
• The LM-35 analog temperature device is interfaced
  to the analog pin of the Arduino board.
• Its built-in ADC, which converts these analog
  reading and displays that on the LCD, to indicate
  temperature of the device.

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Arduino based Automatic Temperature Controlled
Fan Speed Regulator
Working Principle

• User-defined temperature settings can be done
  using push buttons provided through Arduino
  board.
• Maximum and minimum settings are used for
  allowing any  necessary hysteresis.
• Few push buttons are used  to set the temperature
  by  INC, for increase and DEC for decrease
  settings.
• As soon the max and min temperatures are set then
  the Arduino program generates PWM output on the
  corresponding digital output according to the
  measured temperature.

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Arduino based Automatic Temperature Controlled
Fan Speed Regulator
Working Principle

• This  is fed to a DC Fan through a motor driver
  IC.
• The fan speed is proportional to the temperature
  measured.
• Standard power supply of 12 volt DC and 5 volt
  through a regulator are made from a step-down
  transformer along with a bridge rectifier and
  filter capacitor.

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Arduino based Automatic Temperature Controlled
Fan Speed Regulator
Advantages

• Since it is an automated system .
• It is programmed effectively so that no
  interruptions would stop its functionality.
• To monitor the environment, that is not
  comfortable or possible to monitor for humans
  (especially for extended periods of time).
• Prevents waste of energy.

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Arduino based Automatic Temperature Controlled
Fan Speed Regulator
Disadvantages

• It can only be maintained by technical person.
• 
  
• Due to temperature variation, after sometimes
  its efficiency may be decreased.

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Arduino based Automatic Temperature Controlled
Fan Speed Regulator
Future Enhancement

• This project can be enhanced by using higher
  power electronic devices to operate high capacity
  DC motors.
• Regenerative braking for optimizing the power
  consumption can also be incorporated.

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Arduino based Automatic Temperature Controlled
Fan Speed Regulator
Conclusion

• Arduino based Automatic Temperature Controlled
  Fan Speed Regulator Project was designed and
  Implemented. This project can be enhanced by
  using higher power electronic devices to operate
  high capacity DC motors. Regenerative braking for
  optimizing the power consumption can also be
  incorporated.

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