Title: Clatrhrate Desalination Technology
1Clatrhrate Desalination Technology
- Inventors name Tretyakov K.
- Telephone 38 050 4525530
- E-mail tretyakov_k_at_rambler.ru
- Yuzhnoye State Design Office
- City Dnepropetrovsk
2Proprietary information statement
- The slides contain confidential and proprietary
information for use in patenting the technology. - The technology material presented is available
for licensing or joint product development.
3Problem Description Market Need
- World needs for fresh water grow.
- In the market energy saving, universal and
inexpensive desalination technologies are
necessary. - Throughout the world 26 countries feel deficiency
of fresh water, in 13 countries it is sharp.1
4Distribution of renewable fresh water resources,
m3/(year?person)
Necessary minimum - 1700 m3/(year?person)
5Existing water-desalinating capacities
m3/(year?person)
6Demanded water-desalinating capacities
m3/(year?person)
7Technical Merits
- Expenses of the electric power less than 100 J/kg
per a product. - Tolerance to the dissolved substance level in
initial sea water or wastewater. - Cost of the freshened water at level 1.5-3 /m3.
- High quality of the freshened water.
8Technology Description
- Initial sea water moves to a bottom part of the
apparatus where it is agitated with the special
agent under action of ultrasound. Thus the hot
ice (clathrate) is formed. - The formed suspension is moved by a pump in the
evaporator of a freezing machine which is located
inside of the apparatus and in which heat leaves,
evolved in reaction. - Hot ice crystals are separated from suspension on
the filter located above the evaporator, and move
upwards for washing. - Cooled water moves in a crystallizing tank.
- Hot ice crystals are melted in a melter-condenser
and fresh water is separated from special agent
and it is transported to consumer.
9Advantages
- Conditions for carrying out this process are
approximated to normal ones (pressure not above 3
atm. and temperature in the range from 0 to
30??). - Simple hardware equipment.
- Water with the small contents of heavy isotopes
?2,H3 and O18.
10Advantages
- Low energy consumption on desalting of high salty
water without its preliminary treatment.
11Experimental Results
- Energy consumption on producing of 1 kg of
desalinated water depending on the degree of
extraction of fresh water from an initial brine
and its salinity
12Stage of Development
- The pilot unit is developed.
- Properties of the clathrate are investigated.
13Next Steps for Development
- Development of the commercial plant concept and
patenting in the USA by the results of works
performed (STCU project 3515). - Search of the partner in the USA together with
the collaborator. - Development of the commercial plant (for example,
IPP project).
14Development Costs 2
- Demonstration plant at any location to produce
36,000 gallons/day 136 m3/day or 40
acre-feet/year 49300 m3/year if operated
continuously -
- Commercial plant at unspecified location to
produce 3.6 million gallons/day 13600 m3/day or
4,000 acre-feet/year 4.93 million m3/year -
- Commercial .plant at unspecified location to
produce 7.2 million gallons/day 27300 m3/day or
8,000 acre-feet/year 9.87 million m3 /year
60,000 1,432,000 2,303,000
15Commercial Potential
- The general world market of fresh water makes
- 500 billion per year.
- Nearby 1 billion persons in the world require
potable water.
16Commercial Potential
- 10 countries UAE (Commercial Potential 1),
Kuwait, Israel, Denmark, Saudi Arabia, Oman,
Libyan Arab Jamahiriya, Tunisia, Algeria, Jordan.
17Targeted Market Segment
- Commercial product is a potable water.
- Potable water now in the countries without
deficiency of fresh water is on sale at the price
of from 50 up to 200 per 1m3. - The commercial price of the water produced by our
technology is no more 5 per 1m3.
18Competitors
- Company Headquarters
- American Engineering Services USA
- Anglian Water PLC United Kingdom
- Ansaldo SPA Italy
- Aqua Chem, Inc. USA
- Aqua Design (Ionics) USA
- ASI USA
- Cayman Water Company, Ltd. British West Indies
- Culligan Water Technologies, Inc. USA
- Degremont SA (now Suez) France
- Dow Chemical Company (FilmTec) USA
- E.I. Dupont De Nemours and Company USA
- Fluid Systems USA
- Ham RO Systems, Inc. USA
- Hydranautics, Inc. USA
- Hydropure, Inc. USA
- Ionics, Inc. USA
- Israel Desalination Engineers USA
19Competitors
- Company Headquarters
- Lyonnaise Des Eaux-Dumez (now Suez) France
- Mechanical Equipment Co. USA
- Memtec America USA
- Osmonics USA
- Polymetrics Seawater Systems USA
- Source, Inc. USA
- Suez (Ondeo) France
- Trisep Corp. USA
- United Water Resources (Suez) USA (France)
- US Filter (now owned by Vivendi) USA (France)
- US Water (Suez) USA (France)
- Vivendi Environnement France
- Water Equipment Technology USA
- The Weir Group PLC Scotland
20The technological competitor
- Richard A. McCormack. (Ramco, Inc., San Diego,
Calif.). - Michael D. Max. (Marine Desalination Systems,
L.L.C., Washington, DC). 3
21Competitive Matrix
Important product or technology characteristics Clathrate Reverse Osmosis Distillation
Energy consumption, kJ/kg fresh water (initial water 2 NaCl) lt100 lt100 gt300
Energy consumption on producing of desalinated water depending on initial brine salinity depends weakly depends strongly depends weakly
Preliminary water treatment not required required not required
Salt content in water produced, g/liter 1 3 lt1 0
Content of heavy isotopes ?2, H3 and O18 reduced without changes reduced
22References
- James E. Miller. Review of Water Resources and
Desalination Technologies. SAND REPORT 2003-0800.
Unlimited Release. Printed March 2003 - Richard A. McCormack. Clathrate desalination
plant preliminary research study. Water Treatment
Technology Program Report No. 5 June 1995 - Patent 6,158,239 USA. Desalination through gas
hydrate/ Michael D. Max, Dec. 12, 2000