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Choosing the Appropriate Test

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We are testing whether or not a sample belongs to a particular population ... (3) Point-biserial correlation. X is dichotomous and Y is continuous (or vice versa) ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Choosing the Appropriate Test


1
Choosing the Appropriate Test
  • Chapter 21

2
Choosing a Test
  • Factors to use when choosing a test
  • Relationships vs. Differences
  • Type of Data
  • Number of Variables
  • Independence of the data

3
Z-tests
  • One-Sample z-test
  • ? is known
  • We are testing whether or not a sample belongs to
    a particular population
  • We are testing differences
  • The IV is categorical the DV is measurement
  • The data are independent

4
t-tests (three types)
  • For all t-tests
  • ? is unknown We are using s
  • We are testing differences
  • We have only 2 groups
  • The IV is categorical the DV is measurement
  • (1) One-sample t-test
  • The data are independent
  • We are testing whether a sample belongs to a
    particular population or not
  • Like z-test, except that ? is unknown

5
t-tests
  • (2) Independent Samples t-test
  • The data are independent
  • We are testing whether two samples differ on some
    variable
  • (3) Repeated Measures t-test
  • The data are non-independent We usually have
    multiple observations on an individual
  • We are testing differences between groups on some
    variable

6
ANOVAs (two types)
  • For all ANOVAs
  • We are testing differences
  • We have more than 2 groups
  • The IV is categorical the DV is measurement
  • (1) One-way ANOVA
  • The data are independent
  • We are testing differences between groups on a
    variable
  • (2) Repeated Measures ANOVA
  • The data are non-independent Multiple
    observations
  • We are testing differences between conditions

7
Correlations (4 types)
  • All correlations test relationships
  • They differ on the type of data of X Y
  • (1) Pearson correlation
  • Both X and Y are continuous
  • (2) Spearman correlation
  • Both X and Y are ranked data
  • (3) Point-biserial correlation
  • X is dichotomous and Y is continuous (or vice
    versa)
  • (4) Phi Coefficient
  • Both X and Y are dichotomous

8
Regression
  • We want to predict a criterion variable (Y) from
    a predictor variable (X)
  • From what we have been talking about X and Y have
    been continuous data (at least interval scale)

9
Chi Square
  • Both X and Y are categorical
  • We are testing for differences between expected
    frequencies and observed frequencies
  • Goodness of fit test
  • We have only one classification variable
  • Test of Independence
  • We have 2 classification variables
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