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Semester 2 Biology Final

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... Question Bank. What is the name of the male gamete and the organ that produces it? Gamete : Sperm Organ: Teste. What are the 2 stages of the Cell Life Cycle? ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Semester 2 Biology Final


1
Semester 2 Biology Final
  • Review Question Bank

2
What is the name of the male gamete and the organ
that produces it?
  • Gamete Sperm Organ Teste

3
What are the 2 stages of the Cell Life Cycle?
  • Interphase
  • Mitosis

4
Diploid cells contain how many sets of
chromosomes?
  • Two Sets

Haploid cells contain how many sets of chromosomes
One Set
5
What is made during replication?
  • Chromosomes are copied(DNA)

What is made during transcription?
mRNA (messenger RNA) is made from DNA
6
A heterozygous male is crossed with a homozygous
recessive female. What is the genotype ratio of
the offspring?
  • 22 Aaaa

7
What is the mechanism for evolution?
  • Natural Selection

What are three types of selection?
Directional, Disruptive, and Stabilizing
8
What is made through the process of translation?
  • Protein

Where in the cell does translation take place?
Cytoplasm
9
What is cell reproduction called?
  • Mitosis

What is the process of making sex cells called?
Meiosis
10
What is longest stage of the cell cycle?
  • Interphase

What is this stage of the cell cycle called?
Metaphase
11
What is the genotype of this person?
A dominant a recessive
  • Aa, AA

12
What is the genotype of this person?
A dominant a recessive
  • Aa

13
What are the 4 human blood phenotypes?
  • A, B, AB and O

If you cross an AB parent with an O parent, what
are the possibilities?
A B
14
What are the 5 ecological levels of organization?
Organism Population Community Ecosystem Biosphere
15
What is an organisms niche?
  • The role an organism plays in its environment.

What is an organisms habitat?
The environment in which an organism lives.
16
What is a karyotype?
  • A picture of an organisms diploid number of
    chromosomes.

What is a pedigree?
A genetic tree of ancestors by which inherited
genetic traits can be studied.
17
What are the 4 phases of Mitosis (In order)?
  • Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase

18
A homozygous dominant mother is crossed with a
homozygous recessive father. What are the
genotype ratios of the children?
  • 44, 100 Aa

19
What is genetic equilibrium?
  • Long periods of time where there are no changes
    in the allele frequencies within a population

What is Genetic Drift?
Changes in allele frequenciesbecause of random
events in a population
20
How does the CO2 on this planet get filtered?
  • Plants

What does increased levels of CO2 do to the
environment?
Traps thermal energy and leads to a global rise
in atmospheric temperature. (Greenhouse Effect)
21
Two organisms are involved in a relationship.
What is this called?
  • Symbiosis

One organism seems to benefit, one organism is
unchanged. What is this called?
Commensalism
22
What is the Law of Conservation of Matter and
Energy?
  • Matter and energy cannot be created or destroyed.
    It can only change form.

23
Mt. Hood erupts, sending a massive lava flow over
the area. What type of succession must the
environment endure?
  • Primary Succession

24
What is larger than a cell, but smaller than an
organ?
  • Tissue

25
What are (3) parts to Cellular Theory?
  • 1. Cells are the basic units of life.
  • Cells only come from cells that already exist
    through mitosis.
  • All organisms are made of one or more cells.

26
What is an abiotic factor in an ecosystem?
  • A non-living part of the environment that helps
    sustain an organism, population or community of
    organisms in a habitat

What is a biotic factor in an ecosystem?
An organism, population or community of organisms
in a habitat
27
Proteins are made of what molecules?
  • Amino Acids

DNA has the following sequence AATTCGGTCGA.
What will the the sequence look like after
transcription?
UUAAGCCAGCU
28
What are the 3 Laws of Mendelian Inheritance?
  • 1. Alleles or Genes on chromosomes control your
    traits
  • 2. Alleles are dominant or recessive
  • Alleles separate randomly during meiosis when sex
    cells are made

29
What is Biotic Potential?
  • A term used to describe the maximum number of
    offspring a female can have under the best
    conditions

What are limiting factors?
Any factor in the environment that will limit the
number of individuals in a population
30
What is a vestigial structure?
  • A structure no longer needed by an organism that
    is reduced in size, but still present

What organism will feed on a plant only?
A primary consumer and/or herbivore
31
What relationship between two organisms will
favor one, but hurt the other?
  • Parasitism

What relationship between two organisms will
favor both organisms
Mutualism
32
There are two ways that organisms can evolve.
What are they called?
  • Punctuated Equilibrium
  • Gradualism

33
Two organisms do not share an evolutionary past,
but evolve similar traits. What is this called?
  • Convergent Evolution

34
Structures that have the same evolutionary past
and a similar function are called this?
  • Homologous Structures
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