Title: Semester 2 Biology Final
1Semester 2 Biology Final
2What is the name of the male gamete and the organ
that produces it?
3What are the 2 stages of the Cell Life Cycle?
4Diploid cells contain how many sets of
chromosomes?
Haploid cells contain how many sets of chromosomes
One Set
5What is made during replication?
- Chromosomes are copied(DNA)
What is made during transcription?
mRNA (messenger RNA) is made from DNA
6A heterozygous male is crossed with a homozygous
recessive female. What is the genotype ratio of
the offspring?
7What is the mechanism for evolution?
What are three types of selection?
Directional, Disruptive, and Stabilizing
8What is made through the process of translation?
Where in the cell does translation take place?
Cytoplasm
9What is cell reproduction called?
What is the process of making sex cells called?
Meiosis
10What is longest stage of the cell cycle?
What is this stage of the cell cycle called?
Metaphase
11What is the genotype of this person?
A dominant a recessive
12What is the genotype of this person?
A dominant a recessive
13What are the 4 human blood phenotypes?
If you cross an AB parent with an O parent, what
are the possibilities?
A B
14What are the 5 ecological levels of organization?
Organism Population Community Ecosystem Biosphere
15What is an organisms niche?
- The role an organism plays in its environment.
What is an organisms habitat?
The environment in which an organism lives.
16What is a karyotype?
- A picture of an organisms diploid number of
chromosomes.
What is a pedigree?
A genetic tree of ancestors by which inherited
genetic traits can be studied.
17What are the 4 phases of Mitosis (In order)?
- Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase
18A homozygous dominant mother is crossed with a
homozygous recessive father. What are the
genotype ratios of the children?
19What is genetic equilibrium?
- Long periods of time where there are no changes
in the allele frequencies within a population
What is Genetic Drift?
Changes in allele frequenciesbecause of random
events in a population
20How does the CO2 on this planet get filtered?
What does increased levels of CO2 do to the
environment?
Traps thermal energy and leads to a global rise
in atmospheric temperature. (Greenhouse Effect)
21Two organisms are involved in a relationship.
What is this called?
One organism seems to benefit, one organism is
unchanged. What is this called?
Commensalism
22What is the Law of Conservation of Matter and
Energy?
- Matter and energy cannot be created or destroyed.
It can only change form.
23Mt. Hood erupts, sending a massive lava flow over
the area. What type of succession must the
environment endure?
24What is larger than a cell, but smaller than an
organ?
25What are (3) parts to Cellular Theory?
- 1. Cells are the basic units of life.
- Cells only come from cells that already exist
through mitosis. - All organisms are made of one or more cells.
26What is an abiotic factor in an ecosystem?
- A non-living part of the environment that helps
sustain an organism, population or community of
organisms in a habitat
What is a biotic factor in an ecosystem?
An organism, population or community of organisms
in a habitat
27Proteins are made of what molecules?
DNA has the following sequence AATTCGGTCGA.
What will the the sequence look like after
transcription?
UUAAGCCAGCU
28What are the 3 Laws of Mendelian Inheritance?
- 1. Alleles or Genes on chromosomes control your
traits - 2. Alleles are dominant or recessive
- Alleles separate randomly during meiosis when sex
cells are made
29What is Biotic Potential?
- A term used to describe the maximum number of
offspring a female can have under the best
conditions
What are limiting factors?
Any factor in the environment that will limit the
number of individuals in a population
30What is a vestigial structure?
- A structure no longer needed by an organism that
is reduced in size, but still present
What organism will feed on a plant only?
A primary consumer and/or herbivore
31What relationship between two organisms will
favor one, but hurt the other?
What relationship between two organisms will
favor both organisms
Mutualism
32There are two ways that organisms can evolve.
What are they called?
- Punctuated Equilibrium
- Gradualism
33Two organisms do not share an evolutionary past,
but evolve similar traits. What is this called?
34Structures that have the same evolutionary past
and a similar function are called this?