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Lysosome

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The Golgi apparatus produces lysosomes by budding. Contains digestive enzymes synthesized ... Autophagy, or autophagocytosis programmed cell death (apoptosis) ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Lysosome


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Lysosome
  • Organelle contains digestive enzymes to digest
    macromolecules.
  • Single membrane bound organelle
  • The Golgi apparatus produces lysosomes by
    budding.
  • Contains digestive enzymes synthesized in the
    rough endoplasmic reticulum

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  • The digestive enzymes include
  • lipase (digests lipids)
  • Carbohydrases (digest carbohydrates)
  • Proteases (digest proteins)
  • Nucleases (digests nucleic acids)
  • The pH inside a lysosome is 4.8 (cytoplasm is
    7.3)
  • Lysosome membrane pumps H (ATPase) from
    cytoplasm into the vesicle to maintain low pH.

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  • The lysosomes are used for the digestion of
    macromolecules from phagocytosis (ingestion of
    food),
  • Cellular recycling process (where old components
    are continuously destroyed and replaced by new
    ones)
  • Autophagy, or autophagocytosis programmed cell
    death (apoptosis)
  • Illness caused by the malfunction of the
    lysosomes or one of their digestive proteins,
    e.g., Tay-Sachs disease or Pompe's disease

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Peroxisome
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  • Single membrane bound organelle
  • Not formed in the Gogli complex instead
    self-replicate by dividing
  • Abundant in the liver
  • Main function to detoxify cell by eliminating
    toxic hydrogen peroxide
  • 4H2O2 ? 4H2O 2O2
  • Chemical reaction catalyzed by the enzyme
    catalase

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  • b-oxidation of long and very long chain fatty
    acids into acetyl groups
  • bile acid synthesis
  • cholesterol syntheis
  • numerous genetic disorders associated with
    defects in the peroxisome
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