Zero Energy House is a reality in Lviv because the EARTH and SUN do not charge us

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Zero Energy House is a reality in Lviv because
the EARTH and SUN do not charge us
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Comfort given by sun is real in Lviv
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Publishing House EKOinform has been already
promoting energy saving materials, technologies
and equipment, alternative and renewable energy
usage for ten years. Since 1997 on the pages of
Rynok Instalyatsiy, since 2001 quarterly
magazines ELECTROinform and Zelena
energetyka. Awareness about such technologies is
very low, for ultimate customer particularly. It
can be the private house owner, manager of
sanatorium or the enterprise supplying heating or
electric equipment
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As a powerful incentive to implementing the
project was a banal at first sight reason
accident condition of the roof above the office
of the Publishing House required urgent action.
Applications to municipalities, repeated for
several years did not give any result.
After the complete replacement of the roof, the
issue of garret accomplishment became of current
importance. It allowed designing the appearance
of typical one family house. 270 ?2 of actual
space includes 3rd floor plus one and a half
floor of garret area .
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That is why owner and chief editor of the
Publishing House Oksana Denys started realization
of this project in 2003 because such example
will give opportunity not only to prove the
topicality and necessity energy saving
technologies usage and also to advise authorities
specific way to save energy. Last events in
Ukraine confirmed in a critical way the need of
this project .
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• To create Zero Energy Building it is essential to
  follow only four requirements
• thermal insulation of the building has to
  minimize loss of heat produced by people,
  electrical appliances ("heat covering"
  principle)
• inner heat potential of the building has to be
  the lowest to minimize heat loss (saving
  principle)
• the building has to be a heat accumulator
  (storage principle)
• higher order principles in the building have to
  be supplied by natural energy solar, wind,
  thermal, air (intellectual independence
  principle).

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As a covering material aluminium helio-shape TEPS
produced by Insolar USV was used for the roof on
sunny side (size 26 ?2 for heating and heat water
supply) and zinc sheet with integrated
photovoltaic covering RheinzinkSolar PV of total
area 4 ?2 and power 400 Wt. (for electro supply
). It follows the building concept building
envelope (cover material) has to be energy active
(solar energy absorber function)
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Every RheinzinkSolar PV panel 430 ? 4000 mm size
has photovoltaic cover 394 ? 2848 ?? size with
following characteristics Nominal power 64 ??
10 Working voltage 16,5 ? Nominal current 4,13
? Voltage without load 23,1 ? Short circuit
current 5,1 ? The panels installed on the north
part of the roof at an angle of 30 degrees to
horizon, which is minimal to solar energy. That
is why the results are also minimal Optimum
angle is 55-60 in winter and 40-47  in summer
for Lviv.
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To provide stable work of alternative source of
electric energy independently from time and
weather change traditionally used electric energy
accumulation principle in electric accumulators
with voltage 12 V. The calculations showed that
for functioning all heat generating system
including lighting, burglar alarm, heat of
ventilated air recovery system, circulation pumps
for hot water supply and heating, system control
and monitoring, and also a couple of computers
in summer, four lead-acid storage batteries with
volume ??????? 100 ampere/hour each .
Is it unbelievable ?
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But it became real due to using energy saving
equipment light diode (LED) lamps with high
efficiency (voltage 12 V, power 1,1 Vt,
exploitation period  100 thousands hours) Wilo
circulation pumps (power 46-49 vatt) RylkAir
heat recovery system (productivity 20-40 m3/hour,
power 2,5-4 Vt, voltage 12 V). We a sure that in
the nearest future we will connect to solar
energy other household technique (TVset,
refrigerator, laundry, etc.)
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The accumulators and apparatus panel are
installed into niche of structural wall by
ventilation channels
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The system consists of two separate subsystems  
? and ??  according to theirfunctions ?  for
power supply of consumers with the direct current
with voltage 12 V (lighting and heat recovery
systems) ??  power supply of consumers with
alternating current 220 V and frequency 50 Hertz
(burglar alarm, circulation pumps and computers).
Power of subsystems correlate 13 (solar
photovoltaic cell BL1-BL4 and accumulator
batteries GB1-GB4). Special controllers ?1 and ?2
are used for automatic regulation of charge and
recharge process of accumulator batteries in both
subsystems used. Their functions are to control
voltage of accumulator battery and relevant
commutation power semi conducting keys in working
regimes 1- 3, in the regime 1  disconnecting
load and only charging of accumulator battery in
the regime 2  simultaneous charge of accumulator
battery and power supply consumers in regime
 3  disconnecting photovoltaic cell and power
supply consumers of electric power only from
photovoltaic cell. Low voltage lighting chain
connected with controller ?1 through automatic
switch Q1 (light diode lamps EL1- Eln).
Sinusoidal inverter of voltage UZ is a controller
load ?2 of nominal power 600 Vt. To the
sinusoidal inverter of voltage UZ through the
voltage relay  KV and automatic switch Q2
connected consumers of subsystem ??. According to
requirement of constant power supply (burglar
alarm and circulation pumps), relay connects
this consumers to the network of power supply in
case completely discharge of accumulator battery.
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Heat and hot water supply scheme includes
several worldwide known principles of such houses
construction. The system consists of solar
collector (1) as a main heat source, fire-place
(2), heat energy accumulator, buffer capacity
water heater, circuits for indoor heat, heat
exchangers.
!!!Without gas!!! Neither boiler nor radiators or
other traditional equipment for heating are
installed!!!
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Solar collector of TEPS company from
Dnepropetrovsk is used to increase effectiveness
in usage was covered by polycarbonate.
!Necessary rule waterproof and air circuit
control before system connecting!
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According to first principle, the walls is
well-insulated, and some of them was equipped
with a radiation screen.
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Buffer capacity water heater of the last
generation Vitocell 353 of 750 l volume produced
by Viessmann has three circuits two for
heating and one for hot water. Such capacity is
necessary part of every system using solar
collector.
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Heat accumulator of 12,8 ?3 volume, insulated by
solid cellular polystyrene flashing slabs 20 sm
thick installed in the basement of the house.
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Fire place with capacity of 26/32 kWt with a
water circuit using solid fuel was installed as a
reserve source of heat. The effectiveness of such
fireplaces is sometimes not lower, than boilers.
It is important to draw in the air needed to burn
wood from the house inside by the air channel and
to direct it to the fuel chamber
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The heat recovery (air heat exchange) is provided
by RylkAir ventilation equipment installed in
every room. The air heat exchanger inlets of
fresh air from the outside of room temperature,
as it heats by inner air which exits to the
outside.
The equipment is unique as it uses 12 V DC
(photovoltaic cells RheinzinkSolar PV provides
energy for the unit, and also it is only one in
the world air heat exchanger, which does not
require the cleaning of channels as it is enough
to wash heat exchange part made of fabric in the
washing machine!
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The system consists of seven circulation pumps
WILO. They are as much energy saving as they can
be supplied with energy by photo electric panels
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Self-cleaning solar heating-insulating panels
to obtain additional solar heat up to ?? 300kWt
hour/?2
RymSol panels are the kind of insulation able to
absorb solar light and transfer heat energy to
the wall directly. Isolative properties are U
0,2 Wt/(?2?) high level of absorbing solar light
at the same time up to 40 give opportunity to
accumulate the heat in the wall, to operate
effectively ????????? as a thermal
semi-conductor even in coldest climate. The work
of the panel is based on the law of convection
air, heated by solar energy at the absorbers
zone, going up in insulation layer up and
transfer heat to the wall.
The effectiveness of the RymSol panels depend on
massiveness and the material of the wall. They
are best suitable for the wall, made from
non-isolative materials with high heat capacity
the walls are used as heat accumulators and wall
heater of inner areas. In Ukraine such amount of
heat can exceed even 2 kWthour/?2per day, that
of night loose around 0,2Wt/?2 provides very
positive energy balance.
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Comfort given by sun is easy to access to
everyone!
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We are thankful a lot to the companies for the
help in realization of the project!