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Medieval Music

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Aria ( = 'song' or 'ayre') St. Mark's Church (Venice) St. Mark's ... Successor to Giovanni Gabrieli at St. Mark's (Venice) Monteverdi, Orfeo (YouTube excerpts) ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Medieval Music


1
Medieval Music
  • Church is the dominant patron
  • Gregorian chant- most surviving MSS are
    monophonic-Gregory, Hildegard
  • Polyphony used (rarely) to decorate chant-
    Leonin, Machaut
  • Some secular music survives- Troubadours
    trouvères

2
Renaissance Music
  • Church continues as dominant patron
  • Secular princes and middle class patrons
  • Polyphony more common- ideal is 4 a cappella
    equal voices- imitation is frequently used-
    text matters (word painting used)
  • Madrigals are important secular form
  • Josquin, Palestrina, Weelkes

3
The Baroque Era
  • New era, begins, c. 1600 (or earlier)
  • Northern Italy
  • Highly expressive style (continues elements of
    Renaissance, but often carried to extremes)
  • Monumental (large-scale designs)
  • Very ornate details
  • Dynamic active

4
The Baroque the Arts
  • Barroco misshapen pearl
  • Negative connotation of Baroque
  • Dynamic, active shapes
  • Extreme contrasts
  • Emotion favored over classical balance/control

5
The Baroque Music Traits
  • c. 1600-1750
  • Emphasis on expression
  • New texture (soprano vs. bass)
  • Basso continuo (instrumental foundation)
  • Voices Instruments mix
  • Instrumental music now equal
  • Old style (Palestrina style) still used

6
Sources of the early Baroque Style
  • Florentine Camerata sought to recapture the
    expressive power of Ancient music
  • Greek Drama included sung text
  • Monody solo voice w/ accompaniment
  • Stile rappresentativo flexible style of solo
    singing used on the stage
  • Two vocal styles- Recitative (recitativo
    recited)- Aria ( song or ayre)

7
St. Marks Church (Venice)
8
St. Marks (Venice) - nave
9
St. Marks (Venice) choir loft
10
St. Marks (Venice) choir loft
Sound ExampleGiovanni Gabrieli - Canzon in the
7th tone for 8 parts
11
Orfeo (1607)
  • 1st important opera to survive
  • Premiered at Court of Mantua (1607)
  • Libretto based on Greek legend of Orpheus and
    Euridice
  • Total theatrical experience singing, orchestra,
    acting, costumes, dancing, stagecraft, etc.

12
Claudio Monteverdi (1567-1643)
  • 1st great composer of the Baroque era
  • Composed both secular and sacred works
  • Composer of 1st important opera (Orfeo)
  • Successor to Giovanni Gabrieli at St. Marks
    (Venice)

13
Monteverdi, Orfeo(YouTube excerpts)
  • Orfeo - "Toccata" and "Dal mio Permesso" (first
    solo) (Listening Guide, p. 120)
  • Orfeo - Dance (Act I)
  • Orfeo - Arrival of Messenger into "Tu se' morta"
    (Act II) (Listening Guide, p. 121)
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