US History

1
US History Pretest
2

• The First Amendment states that Congress shall
  make no lawabridging the freedom of speech, or
  of the press. Which best explains the meaning of
  this part of the First Amendment? (1.01)
• People can speak aloud or publish whatever they
  want to under all circumstances.
• The government cannot punish people for speaking
  aloud or publishing any true fact or any opinion.
  
• People can speak out in congress without being
  arrested.
• Members of Congress can speak freely in debate
  without fear of punishment.

3

• 2. Which best explains the purpose of the
  Judiciary Act of 1789? (1.01)
• To establish a judicial branch of the federal
  government
• To create federal district courts for each states
  and define their powers
• To establish the principle of judicial review
• To determine the number of terms a Supreme Court
  justice could serve

4

• 3. What was the most important effect of the
  invention of the cotton gin? (1.02)
• It caused a boom in cotton harvests that
  increased the need for slave labor.
• It caused a firm alliance between Britain and the
  Southern cotton planters
• It caused the South to be a more prosperous
  region than the north.
• It caused territorial expansion from the South
  into the Midwest.

5

• 4. Which applies to Alexander Hamilton but not
  Thomas Jefferson? (1.01)
• Author of some of the Federalist Papers
• Member of the first presidential cabinet
• Supporter of a strict interpretation of the
  Constitution
• Supporter of a loose interpretation of the
  Constitution

6

• 5. Which is the best possible effect of the
  Disagreement over a national bank and a
  disagreement over power to interpret the
  constitution? (1.01)
• Re-election of George Washington as president
• Election of John Adams as president
• Development of a two-party political system
• Ratification of the Bill of Rights

7

• 6. Jays Treaty was to the United States and
  Britain as the Convention of 1800 was to
  _____________. Which best completes the analogy?
  (1.03)
• The U.S. and France
• The U.S. and Spain
• The U.S., France, and Britain
• France and Britain

8

• 8. Which best explains Tecumsehs reason for
  siding with Britain in the War of 1812? (1.02)
• The U.S. government had continually lied to and
  betrayed the Indians.
• Tecumseh knew in advance that Britain was going
  to win the war
• Britain agreed to allow the Indians to keep their
  ancestral lands.
• The U.S. had forced the Indians to march along
  the Trail of Tears to reservations.

9

• 9. Which best explains why Western territories
  and states generally had looser suffrage
  requirements than the settled Atlantic coastal
  states? (1.02)
• There were more female than male settlers making
  decisions in the West.
• President Andrew Jackson came from the
  then-western state of Tennessee.
• They wanted to draw settlers to the West.
• They wanted to discourage women from settling in
  the West.

10

• 10. In 1813, after the Battle of Lake Erie,
  Captain Oliver Hazard Perry notified General
  William Henry Harrison We have met the enemy
  and they are your. Which best explains Perrys
  meaning? (1.03)
• He had discovered traitors among his troops
• He and his troops had defeated the enemy in
  battle
• He and his troops had gone over to the enemys
  side
• He and his troops had lost the battle and were in
  retreat

11

• 11. In 1832, Henry Clay wrote On a general
  survey, we behold cultivation extended the arts
  flourishing, the face of the county improved our
  people fully and profitably employed, and the
  public countenance exhibition tranquility,
  contentment, and happiness. Which of these did
  Clay most likely believe had caused the happiness
  and prosperity he described? (2.04)
• The Era of Good Feelings
• The Wilmot Proviso
• The Missouri Compromise
• The American System

12

• 12. Which does not belong to the American System?
  (2.03)
• Protective tariffs on imported goods
• National transportation system
• Establishment of a national bank
• A system of merit exams for civil-service jobs.

13

• 13. Which is an effect of the withdrawal of funds
  from the Second Bank of the United States? (2.03)
• Panic of 1837
• Founding of stock exchange
• Tariff of 1828
• Indian Removal Act

14

• 14. Robert Fulton was to the steamboat as _______
  was to the telegraph. Which best completes the
  analogy? (2.03)
• Eli Whitney
• Cyrus McCormick
• John Deere
• Samuel Morse

15

• 15. Dorothea Dix was to prison reform as ________
  was to public-school reform. Which best completes
  the analogy? (2.05)
• Lucretia Mott
• Louisa May Alcott
• Horace Mann
• Charles Grandison Finney

16

• 16. Alexis de Tocqueville was to Democracy in
  America as Henry David Thoreau was to __________.
  Which best completes the analogy? (2.02)
• Self-Reliance
• Walden
• The Scarlet Letter
• The Raven

17

• 17. Which best explains the meaning of the word
  free in the name of the Free-Soil Party? (3.01)
• Free from federal control
• Free of slavery
• Free of a western boundary
• Free land to settlers willing to farm it

18

• 18. Which best describes the work of James
  Fennimore Cooper? (2.02)
• Frightening tales of the irrational and the
  supernatural
• Essays on essential American character traits
• Folktales about life in New England and New York
  State
• Historical novels about Indians and pioneers on
  the American frontier

19

• 19. Which best explains why the United States did
  not admit Texas as a state immediately after the
  defeat of the Mexican army? (2.01)
• Congress could not agree on whether Texas should
  be a slave state or a free state
• Congress could not agree on what rights Mexican
  residents of Texas would have
• Mexico refused to relinquish its claims to Texas
• Texas was determined to remain an independent
  republic.

20

• 20. Away, away with all these cobweb tissues of
  rights of discovery, exploration, settlementThe
  American claim is by the right of our manifest
  destiny to overspread and to possess the whole of
  the continent, wrote John L. OSullivan in 1845.
  Which best explains what he meant by cobweb
  tissues of rights?
• Illegal actions
• Unimportant side issues
• Essential issues
• The high cost of westward expansion

21

• 21. What was the most controversial aspect of the
  Compromise of 1850? (3.01)
• The Kansas-Nebraska Act
• The Wilmot Proviso
• The Sumner Clause
• The Fugitive Slave Act

22

• 22. What was the most important reason for the
  founding of the Republican Party in the 1850s?
  (2.04)
• Oppositions to the Kansas-Nebraska Act
• Support for westward expansion
• Belief in high taxes for workers
• Belief in a strong military defense

23

• 23. Which was solely a part of the Republican
  Party in the 1850s? (3.01)
• Whig Party
• Free-Soil Party
• Know-Nothing Party
• Bull Moose Party

24

• 24. Speaking in 1851, womens-rights advocate and
  former slave Sojourner Truth said I could work
  as much and eat as much as a man-when I could get
  it-and bear the last as well! And aint I a
  woman? Which best explains the point Truth was
  trying to make? (2.05)
• Men have no desire to help women gain their
  rights under the law.
• Only women can speak up for womens rights.
• Since women had the same abilities and needs as
  men, they should have the same rights.
• Women can do as much work as men and suffer as
  much when punished.

25

• 25. Which can be connected with Grimke Sisters,
  Frederick Douglass, and William Lloyd Garrison?
  (2.06)
• Former Slave
• Founder of The Liberator
• Outspoken Abolitionist
• Itinerant Minister

26

• 26. Which best explains why William Lloyd
  Garrison once publicly burned a copy of the
  Constitution? (2.06)
• It allowed slavery to exist in the U.S.
• He did not support the current president.
• He had lost a close race for a Senate seat.
• It had numerous inconsistencies.

27

• 27. Which best describes the verdict in Dred
  Scott v. Sanford? (3.01)
• It stated that slaves were property not people.
• It stated that businesses must provide separate
  but equal facilities for black people
• It stated than once inside free territory, black
  people were permanently free
• It stated that only the federal government could
  grant of withhold free status to a person

28

• 28. Which does not apply to the views of
  Christian Abolitionists? (2.06)
• Slavery violated the humanity of the enslaved
• Slavery put slave-owners soul at risk or
  damnation
• Slavery was evil in the sight of God
• Slavery was an ineffective economic system

29

• 29. Which best explains how the raid on Harpers
  Ferry contributed to the outbreak of the Civil
  War? (3.02)
• It aroused the anger of the antislavery forces
• It frightened the Southerners into preparing for
  war
• It caused the Union to declare war on the
  Confederacy
• It caused South Carolina to secede from the Union

30

• 30. Which best describes the difference between
  Harriet Tubmans and John Browns approach to
  abolition? (3.02)
• She worked legally and he worked illegally
• Her efforts filed while his succeeded
• She led slaves north to freedom and he recruited
  an antislavery army
• She tried to change the laws and he did not

31

• 31. Which best explains why the issue of slavery
  could not be resoled without going to war? (3.02)
• Foreign nations refused to interfere in American
  affairs
• Abraham Lincoln was elected president in 1860
• Harriet Beecher Stowe wrote Uncle Toms Cabin in
  1851
• The abolitionists and slaveholders could not work
  out an acceptable compromise

32

• 32. Which best describes the Anaconda Plan?
  (3.03)
• Union troops would capture Richmond, Virginia,
  and burn it to the ground
• Confederate troops would seize New York City,
  deciding the North in half
• Union troops would encircle and crush the
  Confederacy
• Confederate troops would launch an all-out
  assault on Washington D.C.

33

• 33. Which best explains the purpose of the
  Homestead Act of 1862? (3.05)
• To provide free farmland to those willing to
  settle the western territories
• To sign public land over to the companies
  building the transcontinental railroad
• To set aside land for state universities and
  colleges
• To rehabilitate criminals by providing them with
  a new start out west

34

• 35. Which best describes the effect of the
  Emancipation Proclamation? (3.03)
• It feed all slaves in the United States
• If freed all slaves in the Confederacy
• If gave all male slaves age twenty-one and over
  the right to vote
• It gave all male slaves the right to enlist in
  the army

35

• 36. But in a larger sense, we cannot dedicate,
  we cannot consecrate, we cannot hallow this
  ground. The brace men, living and dead, who
  struggles here have consecrated it far above our
  poor power to add or detract. Which best
  explains the meaning of these words form
  Lincoln's famous Gettysburg Address? (3.03)
• By dying for a cause in which they believed, the
  soldiers have made the battlefields a sacred
  place
• Before the battle, the soldiers prayed for
  courage and protection
• People attending a ceremony cannot dedicate a
  memorial to the dead
• The fact that so many soldiers did makes a
  memorial unnecessary

36

• 37. Neither slavery nor involuntary
  servitudeshall exist within the United States or
  any place subject to their jurisdiction. Which
  document most likely contains these words? (3.04)
• The Gettysburg Address
• Lincolns second inaugural address
• The Thirteenth Amendment
• The Fourteenth Amendment

37

• 38. Which best describes the purpose of the
  Freedmen's Bureau? (3.05)
• To provide food and legal and medical aid to
  Southerners devastated by war
• To help former slaves find jobs
• To build vocational training schools for former
  slaves
• To devise a new wage-labor system for southern
  cotton farms

38

• 39. After being hunted like a dog through
  swamps, woodstill I was forced to return wed,
  cold, and starving, with every mans hand against
  me, I am here in despair. And why? For doing what
  Brutus was honored for Which person most likely
  wrote this diary entry in April 1865? (3.04)
• John Wilkes booth
• Jefferson Davis
• Ulysses S. Grant
• Abraham Lincoln

39

• 40. Which did not take place as a result of the
  three civil rights amendments ratified during the
  Reconstruction era? (3.05)
• Slavery was abolished throughout the U.S.
• All me were to enjoy equal protection of the laws
  of the U.S.
• Men could not be denied the right to vote because
  of their race
• All public places had to allow free, equal use ot
  their facilities

40

• 41. Which best describes the reason American
  Indians and federal troops fought in the central
  plains during the 1870s and 1880s? (4.02)
• Dangerous overpopulation of buffalo, a sacred
  animal to the American Indians
• Too many American Indians took advantage of the
  Homestead Act
• U.S. governments refusal to accommodate American
  Indians needs or to take them seriously
• American Indians desire to live on reservations
  in other parts of the country

41

• 42. Which best describes the purpose of the
  reservation system under which American Indians
  were forced to live? (4.02)
• To remove American Indians from land that white
  settlers wanted
• To help American Indians preserve their languages
  and cultures
• To turn American Indians into an unpaid labor
  force for farmers and ranchers
• To accommodate American Indians wishes to
  continue living on their ancestral lands

42

• 43. Which is a tool of Vertical Integration but
  not Horizontal Integration? (4.04)
• Eliminating competition by buying out rival
  businesses
• Buying the businesses that manufacture supplies
  and transport finished goods
• Uniting with rival business owners to form a
  trust
• Refusing to negotiate with labor unions

43

• 44. Frederick Law Olmsted was to city parks as
  _____________ was to settlement houses.
• Which best completes the analogy? (5.01)
• Alexander Graham Bell
• Jacob Riis
• Jane Addams
• Elisha Otis

44

• 45. Which best describes the philosophy of social
  Darwinism? (5.02)
• Government should regulate business to ensure
  fair dealing
• It is the obligation of the wealthy to share what
  they have
• Government has a moral obligation to spend tax
  revenue on social programs
• The disadvantaged are genetically inferior and
  should be allowed to die out

45

• 46. Herblock was to Richard Nixon as __________
  was to William Marcy Tweed.
• Which best completes the analogy?(5.04)
• Joseph Pulitzer
• Theodore Roosevelt
• Thomas Nast
• William Randolph Hearst

46
47. Which best explains the term arbitration?
(5.03) A. Workers walk off the job when no
compromise is reached with management B. Workers
and management agree to abide by a third partys
decision C. Workers and management agree to
negotiate D. Management hires outside workers to
replace those who go on strike
47

• 48. Andrew Carnegie was to ________ as Cornelius
  Vanderbilt was to railroads.
• Which best completes the analogy?( 5.02)
• Real estate
• Steel
• Oil
• finance

48

• 49. An immigrant described a local political boss
  as one who has coal distributed in the depth of
  winter and who sometimes spends puultry at
  Christmans time buys medicine for a sick person
  and helps bury the dead. Which is most likely
  true of the relations between political bosses
  and immigrants who lived in their cities? (5.04)
• Bosses routinely sought federal aid for the
  immigrant and working population
• Bosses ignored immigrants to focus on wealthier,
  more powerful voters
• Bosses did favors for immigrants in exchange for
  their loyalty
• Bosses abused immigrants to frighten them into
  voting a certain way

49

• 50. The American farmer is steadily losing
  ground. His burdens are heavier every year and
  his gains are more meager. Which did not
  contribute to the situation described by
  Washington Gladden in 1890?(4.03)
• Increased dependence on the railroads
• Competition from European immigrant farmers
• Higher freight and shipping charger that
  regulation did not check
• Rising debt due to high charges and lower prices

50

• 51. The rushing streams of commerce have worn
  may a deep and rugged chasm, wrote Henry Black
  Fuller in 1893. Each of these canyons is closed
  in by a long frontage of towering cliffs, and
  these soaring walls of brick and limestone and
  granite rise higher and higher with each
  succeeding year. Which of these was Fuller most
  likely describing?(5.01)
• The natural land formations of the Southwest
• Luxury passenger ocean liners under construction
• City streets lined with skyscrapers
• The rise of big business in the Gilded Age

51

• 52. The great nations are rapidly absorbing for
  their future expansion and their present defense
  all the waste places of the earth. It is a
  movement which makes for civilization and the
  advancement of the race, wrote Henry Cabot Lodge
  in 1895. Which of these did Lodge most likely
  support? (6.01)
• Bimetallism
• Progressivism
• Imperialism
• Socialism

52

• 55. Which best describes the outcome of the clash
  between Queen Liliuokalani of Hawaii and U.S.
  minister John Stephens? (6.02)
• The U.S. annexed Hawaii in 1898
• Stephens was executed for treason
• The U.S. restored Liliuokalani to her throne
• The U.S. and Hawaii for a brief, decisive war

53

• 57. Which literary model did wealthy people most
  expect immigrants and poor working people to
  emulate?(5.03)
• Tom Sawyer
• Dorothy Gale
• Jo March
• Horatio Alger

54

• 59. Which best describes why control of the
  Panama Canal was so important to the United
  States? (6.01)
• It would mean that the U.S. has control of all
  international trade through the canal
• It would lead inevitably to U.S. trade surpluses
• It would enable the U.S. to annex the Republic of
  Panama
• It would cement friendship between the U.S. and
  Latin America

55

• 60. Jose Marti was to Latin America as
  _____________ was to China.
• Which best completes the analogy? (6.02)
• John Hay
• Grover Cleveland
• William Howard Taft
• William McKinley

56

• 61. Which best explains why few lynch mobs were
  brought to justice during the post-Reconstruction
  era? (7.03)
• There were no African Americans working in law
  enforcement
• The southern economy depended heavily on
  agriculture
• Lynching was legal during the 1880s and 1890s
• Lynch mobs were usually well-connected with
  sheriffs and policemen

57

• 63. Sinclair Lewis was to the meatpacking
  industry as ______________ was to urban slums.
• Which best completes the analogy? (7.01)
• John D. Rockefeller
• Lincoln Steffens
• Ida Tarbell
• Jacob Riis

58

• 64 Theodore Roosevelt was to antitrust
  legislation as _________ was to womans suffrage.
• Which best completes the analogy? (7.02)
• William Howard Taft
• Ida Tarbell
• Florence Kelley
• Alice Paul

59

• 65. In 1903, Theodore Roosevelt said, No man is
  above the law, nor do we ask any mans permission
  when we require him to obey it. Which best
  describes the group of men to whom Roosevelt
  applied these words? (7.02)
• Muckrakers
• Robber barons
• Union members
• farmers

60

• 66. Which best describes where Henry Ford got his
  ideas for the assembly line? (7.04)
• Observing worker bees in a hive
• Studying the methods of the meat-packing industry
• Examining the working of the federal bureaucracy
• Looking at the sweatshops of New York City

61

• 67. Which best explains American reluctance to
  become involved in World War I? (8.01)
• The U.S. had a large German population
• The Lusitanian sank in 1915
• The U.S. wanted to maintain trade relations with
  nations on both sides
• A severs recession of the U.S. economy ended in
  1914

62

• 68. Which best explains why Americans sailed into
  the war zone in 1915-1916? (8.01)
• They did not believe Germany would attack a
  passenger ship
• They did not know the Lusitanian was carrying
  arms to the Allies
• They did not know the Titanic would hit an
  iceberg and sink
• They were unaware that Germany was at war with
  Britain

63

• 69. Which best explains why Russia abandoned
  World War I in 1917? (8.02)
• The Battle of the Argonne Forest
• The arrival of the AEF in Europe
• The Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
• The Russian Revolution

64

• 72. Henry Ford wrote that the average
  workerwants a job in which he does not have to
  think. Which best describes how Ford exploited
  this belief in his business? (7.04)
• By developing the assembly-line method of
  production
• By designing the Model T
• By making his cars available in only one color
• By paying his workers five dollars per day

65

• 74. If with all the advantages Ive had I cant
  make a living, Im just no good, I guess. Which
  is most likely reason for this schoolteacher to
  feel this way during the Great Depression? (9.02)
• She supported President Hoover
• She lacked the courage to try to find a job
• She blamed herself, not the economy, for her
  troubles
• She had speculated with stocks and lost money

66

• 75. Which best explains why the movie industry
  remained prosperous throughout the Depression?
  (9.03)
• Silent films gave way to talking films in 1927
• The movie studios were all located in California
• Millions escaped their troubles by going to the
  movies
• Movie studios paid high salaries to actors and
  artists

67

• 76. They used to tell me I was building a dream,
  with peace and glory ahead, why should I be
  standing in line, just waiting for bread?
• Which does not describe the mood of this popular
  song from the 1930s? (9.04)
• Resentful that the American dream of hard work
  leading to success has failed
• Angry that the only reward for years of hard work
  is begging for food
• Optimistic that better times are just around the
  corner
• Bitter because those in authority allowed the
  economy to collapse

68

• 78. Which best describes the New Deal? (9.05)
• The senators and representatives who opposed
  FDRs domestic agenda
• A series of federal programs to help the
  destitute and reform the economy
• A series of laws designed to break up trusts and
  monopolies and ensure fair competition
• The members of FDRs diverse cabinet, which
  included Republicans and women

69

• 79. The FDIC was to bank depositors as the
  _________ was to retired workers.
• Which best completes this analogy? (9.05)
• Securities and Exchange Commission
• Social Security Act
• Civilian Conservation Corps
• Works Progress Administration

70

• 80. John Steinbeck was to The Grapes of Wrath as
  ___________was to The Great Gatsby.
• Which best completes the analogy? (9.03)
• Ernest Hemmingway
• Dorothea Lange
• Gertrude Stein
• F. Scott Fitzgerald

71

• 81. Which was the most direct, immediate cause of
  World War II? (10.01)
• U.S. passage of Neutrality Acts
• European nations appeasement of Germany
• German invasion of Poland
• Signing of the Tripartite Alliance

72

• 82. Which was the most important German weakness
  in fighting World War II? (10.02)
• Division of its armed forces on several fronts
• A poorly trained, ill-equipped military
• Having to conduct a defensive war against
  aggressor nations
• Inability to defeat Allied forces in battle

73

• 83.The Triple Alliance was composed of Germany,
  Japan and _______? (10.01)
• Soviet Union
• China
• Italy
• Poland

74

• 84. Non-Aryans were to European concentrations
  camps as ________ were to American internment
  camps.
• Which best completes the analogy? (10.03)
• Jews victimized by the Nazis
• German prisoners of war
• Japanese Americans
• African Americans

75

• 85. In a 1946 speech, Winston Churchill stated
  I repulse the idea that a new war is inevitable
  still more that it is imminent. Which best
  explains why people were afraid of another war so
  soon after World War II had ended? (10.04)
• The death of President Franklin D. Roosevelt
• The expansion of Soviet influence throughout
  Eastern Europe
• The use of nuclear weapons against Japan
• Tension between Jews and Arabs in the Middle East

76

• 88. When he arrived in Vietnam, marine lieutenant
  Philip Caputo wrote that optimism began to fade
  as the troops did their best to firth a nearly
  invisible foe in tan alien landscape. We kept
  the packs and rifles the convictions we lost.
  Which best describes the emotions of Caputo and
  his fellow soldiers? (11.04)
• They were discouraged because they felt the war
  was hopeless
• They were sure that the Vietcong could easily be
  beaten
• They were tempted to mutiny because they wanted
  to go home
• They were afraid of the Vietcong and wanted to
  surrender

77

• 89. Ho Chi Minh had once warned the French You
  can kill ten of my men for every one I kill of
  yours, but even at those odds, you will lose and
  I will win. Which factor made Ho Chi Minh most
  able to say the same to the American troops in
  the 1960s and 1970s? (11.04)
• Vietminh and Vietcong knowledge of the terrain
• Poorly-trained American draftees
• Lack of funding for the war from the U.S.
  government
• Superior technology on the Vietnamese side

78

• 90. Martin Luther King J. was to the civil rights
  movement as Lyndon B. Johnson was to the
  ______________.
• Which best completes the analogy? (11.02)
• New Frontier
• Head Start
• Great Society
• Republican Party

79

• 91. ______________ was to the Soviet Union as
  Alan Shepard was to the United States.
• Which best completes the analogy? (11.05)
• John Glenn
• Neil Armstrong
• Buzz Aldrin
• Yuri Gagarin

80

• 93. What is the most likely reason Richard Nixon
  resigned from presidency? (11.06)
• To make it clear that he was innocent of
  wrongdoing
• To escape impeachment for his crimes
• To enable Gerald Ford to become president
• To maintain control over the Oval Office tapes

81

• 94. We had so little oil left that we just had
  to cut back the thermostats, commented a
  hospital worker, describing the winter of
  1973-74. In storage rooms and areas with no
  patients, it got a slow as 40 degrees. Which of
  these is this person most likely recalling?
  (12.03)
• The energy crisis
• Trickle-down economics
• The Great Depression
• The end of the Cold War

82

• 95. Which best describes the effect of Cold War
  military spending in the Soviet economy by the
  late 1980s? (12.01)
• Military spending strengthened the Soviet economy
• Military spending bankrupted the Soviet economy
• Military spending led to a low rate of
  unemployment
• Military spending led to an excess of consumer
  spending

83

• 96. Which was not one characteristic of the Regan
  years, 1980-1988? (12.04)
• Growing federal deficits
• Tax cuts for major corporations and wealthy
  individuals
• Deregulation of industries such as commercial
  airlines
• Widespread economic prosperity

84
97. Which does not describe a guarantee made
under the Americans with Disabilities Act?
(12.02) A. all disabled people are guaranteed
employment B. All government building must
provide access for the physically disabled C. All
elevators and ATMs must provide Braille for blind
passengers and customers D. Discriminations
against disabled job applicants is illegal
85

• 99. Which best describes the nationality of the
  terrorists who attacked the U.S. on September
  11,2001? (12.06)
• Afghani
• Saudi
• Iraqi
• Israeli

86

• 100. Which best describes the purpose of the No
  Child Left Behind Law? (12.05)
• To provide nations health insurance for all
  children under age fifteen
• To make sure all students are prepared to pass to
  the next grade level
• To fully fund preschool education programs
• To require more standardized testing at earlier
  grade levels

87
The End