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Astrolabes in Islam

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... net in Latin, the star map, off axis circle the ecliptic (the zodiacal signs) ... Notice perihelion and aphelion and center of calendar & zodiac ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Astrolabes in Islam


1
Astrolabes in Islam
  • A model of the universe you can hold in your
    hand.
  • By Dr. Harold Williams
  • http//montgomerycollege.edu/Departments/planet

2
Internet Astrolabe resources
  • http//astrolabes.org Janus, Jim Morrison, best
    general source of astrolabe information on the
    net. The electric astrolabe a free download only
    works on Wintel machines. The best laminated in
    plastic plainspheric astrolabe.
  • http//www.mathsyear2000.org/museum/floor2/gallery
    4/indastro/index.html Keith Powell's Java
    astrolabe.

3
Recently made Islamic Astrolabe
  • Dr. Hasan Bilani, University of Aleppo, Syria
    November 2000
  • It is not a reproduction of a specific instrument
    but is in the style of a typical, high quality
    Islamic astrolabe.
  • It was designed using AutoCAD and was engraved by
    chemical milling.
  • It required about two months to manufacture. It
    is made of brass and is about eight inches in
    diameter and 5.5 mm thick and weighs 900 gm.
    There are 23 stars precessed to the current
    epoch. There are six plates provided but only two
    can but only two can be held in the mater at a
    time. The quote from the Koran on the throne
    (kursi) is "and by the stars (men) guide
    themselves".

4
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5
Rete
6
Matter
7
Climate or tympanum, 1
8
Climate or tympanum, 2
9
Climate or tympanum, 3
10
Horizons Plate for casting Horoscopes
11
Part of the Astrolabe
  • Rete, net in Latin, the star map, off axis circle
    the ecliptic (the zodiacal signs)
  • Plates (climate or tympanum), latitude specific,
    horizon coordinate system, altitude and azimuth

12
Janus astrolabe rete
13
Stereographic Projection of Rete
  • For a rete to represent the Northern hemisphere

14
North pole, equator, and tropics projection
15
Ecliptic projection
16
Rete for 2800BCE
17
Rete for 500BCE
18
Rete for 140
19
Rete for 2000
20
Rete for 13400
21
Plate (climate or tympanium)
  • Altitudes or almucanters
  • Twilight Arcs, -6º Civil, -12º Nautical, -18º
    Astronomical
  • Azimuths
  • North 0º 360º
  • East 90º
  • South 180º
  • West 270º

22
Altitude Projections
23
Lines of equal Azimuth Projection
24
Hour angle Projections
25
Complete Climate Projection
26
Climate for 25 degrees
27
Climate for 30 degrees
28
Climate for 35 degrees
29
Climate for 40 degrees
30
Climate for 45 degrees
31
Climate for 50 degrees
32
Climate for 55 degrees
33
Climate for 60 degrees
34
Plate for 0 and 90 degrees
35
Plate for ecliptic transformation
36
Plate for all horizons in 5 degree increments
37
Back of astrolabe
  • Highly variable
  • But most had calendar and zodiac
  • angle measuring protractor
  • Notice perihelion and aphelion and center of
    calendar zodiac

38
Janus astrolabe the college edition
Set for July 25 at 10PM at Takoma Park, Latitude
3858.
39
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40
Astrolabe styles in Islam
  • Persia http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Persia Iran
  • Mashriq http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mashriq
    Arabic Middle East
  • Maghrib http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maghreb
    North Africa
  • Andalusia http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andalusia
    Moorish Spain

41
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42
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43
    Astrolabes in Islam references
  • Islamic astronomy http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isl
    amic_astronomy
  • Muslim astronomers http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mu
    slim_astronomers

44
Some Islamic Astronomers
  • Abd Al-Rahman Al Sufi (December 7, 903 May 25,
    986) http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/27Abd_Al-Rahman
    _Al_Sufi Amazing treatise of 386 chapters
    presenting 1000 uses of the astrolabe

45
Astrolabes reaching the West
  • Gerbert of Aurillac, Gerbert d'Aurillac, Pope
    Silvester II, (ca. 950 May 12, 1003)
    http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerbert_of_Aurillac
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