Conjunctions connect words, phrases, or clauses Prepositions indicate place and time.

1
Conjunctions and Prepositions

• Conjunctions connect words, phrases, or clauses
  Prepositions indicate place and time.

2
What are conjunctions?

• Conjunctions join words, phrases, and clauses
  together.
• The four most common conjunctions are
• and
• but
• or
• so
• All four common coordinators can connect
  sentences.

Which common conjunction did the secretary use?
3
What kinds of conjunctions?

• There are three types of conjunctions
• Coordinates
• and, but, or, so
• Subordinates
• although, because, if
• Correlatives
• Eitheror, not onlybut also

Which type of conjunction is even if?
4
Can you use the coordinators?

• Use and, but, or, so
• The quizzes are hard, __ we study.
• We drive to college, __ park in the lot.
• The town is not big, __ it has a college.
• You can take the highway, __ you can use the side
  road.

Which one will the shark choose?
5
Learn three unusual coordinators.

• Nor joins negative alternates
• Bob didnt wear formal clothes nor feel
  comfortable.
• For means because
• He feels insecure, for he wasnt ready.
• Yet is for contrast
• He got to the party, yet he didnt fit in.

Did anyone tell Bob what to wear?
6
Can you use unusual coordinators?

• Use nor, for, yet
• Take an umbrella with you, __ it is raining.
• Penguins really arent very formal animals, __
  they look like it.
• There is no paper in the copy machine, __ is
  there any ink in it.
• It was very late, __ we did not feel tired.

Do penguins have a choice about what to wear?
7
Coordinators also join words and phrases.

• Coordinators can join words
• Many people like cookies and milk.
• Some dont like ice cream or cake.
• They join phrases
• We study in the morning and in the afternoon.
• There are labs on the third floor but not on the
  first.

Does the boy really want a cookie?
8
Then what are prepositions?

• Prepositions show place and time
• Place prepositions
• in, at, on
• Ill come __ the car.
• Ill be there __ three.
• The book is __ the desk.
• Time prepositions
• for, since, after
• Were here __ an hour.
• Weve studied __ three.
• Lets go out __ class.

What is the preposition in the above sentence?
9
Learn prepositions of direction.

• To means going in the direction of a goal.
• We are going __ class.
• Onto means movement toward a surface.
• Im getting __ my bike.
• Into means movement toward the inside.
• Its getting cold out. Lets go __ the house.
• In and on mean the position of the item as a
  result of the action.
• The heat is __ inside.
• Its warm __ the house.

Where is the dead fish probably going to?

10
Learn how to use the word to.

• Use verbtoverb for want, plan, and have.
• I __ let you to drive my car today.We __ ask
  travel to Florida next summer.Henry __ get a new
  job because he needs one.
• Use to after listen, talk, and speak.
• Do you often __ the radio in the morning?
• Will Alice __ her mother about the party?
• You should __ the professor about the quiz.
• Use to with move, walk, drive, fly, etc.
• Will you __ another city next year?
• Did you __ class yesterday morning?
• Can you __ college all semester long?
• Should you __ Miami for your vacation?

11
Learn how to use on and onto.

• Some verbs of motion express the idea that the
  subject causes itself or some physical object to
  be situated in a certain place.
• Complete the sentences using on or onto
• The plane landed __ the runway.
• Sam put the ball __ the Christmas tree. Susana
  placed the package __ the table.
• Joanna spilled her Coke __ the rug.
• Samir moved the armchair __ the deck.The crane
  lowered the roof __ the house.The baby threw the
  pot __ the floor.
• Joshua hit the ball __ the top of the roof.
• Pablo put the dollar __ the counter.

12
Learn how to use in and into.

• Use only in when its the last word or before
  an adverbial of time, manner, or frequency.
• The patient went into the doctor's office.The
  patient went in.
• Verbs of stationary position take "on" or "in".
• The doctor is __ his office.
• Are you __ any medications?
• The doctor is available he is __.
• Is the college __ College Drive?
• Move into means moving something from one place
  to another.
• We are moving __ a new apartment next week.
• Are you traveling __ another state soon?

13
Learn how to use at, on, and in.

• At indicates a point in relation to another one.
• My car is __ the mall. Where is your car __?
• On indicates the position of an object in
  relation to a surface on which it rests.
• Theres a car __ the road. Its the hybrid.
• In indicates that an object lies within the
  boundaries of an area or a container.
• Our house is __ the county. Wheres yours?

My book is right here where is your book
__? Are their computers under the table or __
it? Did the students stay __ the library or go
out? How far __ the lesson did you study before
now?
14
Learn how to use at.

• For location
• Tom is waiting for his sister __ the bank.
• Sue spent the whole afternoon __ the fair.
• For destination
• We arrived __ the house.
• The waiter was __ our table immediately.
• For direction
• The policeman leaped __ the assailant.
• The cat jumped __ my face and really scared me.

15
Learn to use in and on.

• On is used for surfaces in is used for areas.
• Three players are practicing __ the field.
• Three cows are grazing __ the field.   
• The ice made patterns __ the window.
• A face appeared __ the window.
• In is used with car travel, but on is for public
  or commercial means of transportation.
• There are three buses which do we ride __?
• You get __ this bus to get to your street.
• Riding __ an airplane is the fastest way.
• Going __ a car takes a lot longer, if its far.
• What, would you rather travel __ a bicycle?
• In fact, I prefer to walk __ my own two feet.

16
Learn to use time prepositions.

• On is used with days
• I will see you __ Monday. The week ends __
  Sunday.
• Use at with noon, night, midnight, and time of
  day.
• My plane leaves __ noon.
• The movie starts __ 6 p.m.
• For other day parts, months, seasons, and years,
  use in.
• He likes to read in the afternoon.
• The days are long in August.
• The book was published in 1999.
• The flowers will bloom in spring.

17
Use prepositions of extended time.

• For extended time, use since, for, by, fromto,
  from-until, during, (with)in
• She left yesterday and has not returned. She has
  been gone __ yesterday.
• I'm going to Paris __ two weeks and I will spend
  two weeks there.
• The movie showed __ August __ October. Beginning
  in August and ending in October.
• The decorations were up __ spring __ fall.
  Beginning in spring and ending in fall.
• I watch TV __ the evening. For some period of
  time in the evening.
• We must finish the project __ a year. No longer
  than a year.

18
Use prepositions of place.

• Over and above are higher than a point.
• Under and below are lower than a point.
• Next to, between, and among are close to a point.
• The ball dropped and rolled down __ the table.
• It is __ the wall, and __ two of the chairs.
• Yesterday we lost the ball __ the flowers.
• It was hard to find so low __ all the plants.
• We finally found it __ our only rose plant.
• In fact, it was higher or __ my lost billfold.
• Its good that we found it __ my billfold.

Next time, we review the eight parts of speech.