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Electrolysis of Water

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Two electrodes in a molten salt or solution. Driven by a battery or some source of ... 1937 explosion of an airship. 1986 explosion of 'Shuttle Challenger' ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Electrolysis of Water


1
Electrolysis of Water
2
What is electrolysis?
Splitting water with electricity to produce
hydrogen and oxygen
3
Electrolytic Cell
  • Two electrodes in a molten salt or solution
  • Driven by a battery or some source of direct
    electrical current
  • Battery acts as a pump pushing the electrons from
    one electrode and pulling them from each other

4
Demonstration
5. Watch for bubbling? electrolysis of water

1. Fill beaker with water
2. Mix in salt
3. Plug in electricity source
4. Place wires in solution
5
Half-Reaction for H
  • 2H2O (l) 2e- ? H2 (g) 2OH- (aq)
  • Cathode
  • Reduction
  • Oxidizing Agentthe hydrogen is causing the
    oxygen to lose electrons

6
Half-Reaction for O2
  • 2H2O (l) ? 4H (aq) O2 (g) 4e-
  • Anode
  • Oxidation
  • Reducing Agent the oxygen is causing the
    hydrogen to gain electrons

7
Electrode Potential
  • Hydrogen
  • 2H2O (l) 2e- ? H2 (g) 2OH- (aq)
  • E0 -0.83 V
  • Oxygen
  • 2H2O (l) ? 4H (aq) O2 (g) 4e-
  • E0 -1.36 V

8
Net Equation
  • 2H2O (l) 2e- ? H2 (g) 2OH- (aq) 2
  • 4H2O (l) 4e- ? 2H2 (g) 4OH- (aq)
  • 2H2O (l) ? 4H (aq) O2 (g) 4e-
  • Net Equation
  • 6H2O ? 4H 2H2 4OH- O2
  • E0 -1.443 V
  • Non-Spontaneous

9
Concerns
  • Hydrogen is a very explosive fuel
  • Like natural gas and gasoline
  • This is shown in
  • 1937 ? explosion of an airship
  • 1986 ? explosion of Shuttle Challenger
  • Flammable paint that caught fire from an
    electrical spark
  • Keep flammable items away from electrical outlets
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