Technological subjects

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Technology

Lesson Starter Exercises Sketching Focus
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Developing Students Sketching Communication
Ability
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Lesson Starter Exercises - Resource Pack
Objective
Starter exercises can be used at the beginning of
technology lessons to engage students and to
promote design related discussions. The short
exercises can form a routine start to lessons
with an overall objective being, to enhance
students verbal and sketching communication.
They are designed to take 10-15 minutes and can
be adapted to suit a wide range of design
abilities.
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Lesson Starter Exercises Content of Pack

• 1. Generation of Ideas Through sketching and
  discussion, this exercise develops students
  experience with products and their
  understanding of target markets
• 2. Product Design Focus Looking at alternative
  uses to standard products
• 3. Design Specifications Developing students
  problem solving skills through an
  understanding of design specifications
• 4. Design Awareness Research Marc Newson and
  Development of Sketching
• 5. Design Inspiration Exploring how to use
  research and inspiration to create Design
  Solutions
• 6. Design Inspiration to Ideas Using resource
  material to creating a range of Lighting
  designs
• 7. Product Description Exercises designed to
  promote higher order thinking when describing
  design ideas.
• 8. Design Development Exercise focused on
  design development and the students sketching
  and annotation ability
• 9. Sketching Rendering Explores a range of
  sketching and rendering techniques, equipment
  needed and template exercises.
• 10. Questionable Product Design Exploring the
  social and moral responsibility of the
  Designer, through group discussion.

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Lesson Starter Exercises 1. Generation of Ideas
Opening Question All the toothbrushes in the
image above perform the same task. Why then are
they all different? As a designer, think about
your own toothbrush, what is it that you find
appealing about the product and what aspects you
would like to change.
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Lesson Starter Exercises 1. Generation of Ideas

• Introduction
• Students are often unaware as to the presence of
  design and the impact of design on their lives.
  Use the opening question to highlight to students
  that they are constantly designing and problem
  solving to enhance their lives and their
  experience with products.
• Task
• Students are asked to sketch a range of
  toothbrush design ideas to a defined
  specification. The specification changes every
  five minutes and focuses on a different user
  group. Students can use PowerPoint images as
  reference or if possible ask students to bring
  their own toothbrush into the lesson. This
  introduces a kinesthetic aspect to the task and
  promotes discussion.
• Example Specifications
• Toothbrush design for the elderly
• Toothbrush that can be free standing on the
  bathroom shelf
• Toothbrush that can be folded or disassembled for
  Travel
• Toothbrush designed for Children to encourage
  them to brush for a longer period.
• Resources
• Visual of Toothbrush Designs
• Visual of ergonomics of toothbrush design
• Visual of Student Sketch Design Ideas
• This exercise is adaptable to a wide variety of
  objects. Choose something that is easily
  attainable and that students have experience
  using.

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Lesson Starter Exercises 1. Visual Resource
Material
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Lesson Starter Exercises 1. Visual Resource
Material
Focus on Ergonomics Anthropometrics
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Lesson Starter Exercises 1. Student Design
Variations
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Lesson Starter Exercises 1. Student Design
Variations
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Lesson Starter Exercises 2. Product Design
Focus
What do you think this object is? What else
could the object be used for? If you were to
redesign this object draw or list some weird and
wonderful features, it might have?
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Lesson Starter Exercises 2. Product Design Focus
Introduction This exercise is designed to
develop students creative thought and
imagination. It encourages abstract thought and
expression. Through the use of iconic product
design examples, the exercise also introduces
students to developments in the Design and
Technology fields. Task Students are
introduced to a product but told nothing as to
its function and target market. The objective is
to decide what they think the product is and to
suggest alternative uses. The second section asks
student to sketch a range of design modifications
and features which, enhance the design. Define
the specification so that the modified product
must be commercially viable. This omits low level
responses where students present unattainable
solutions Resources TR Link to 5
additional PowerPoint exercises Visual of
Students sketch ideas Visual of Students
Product Description
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Lesson Starter Exercises 2. Product Design
Focus
High Level Response
Low Level Response
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Lesson Starter Exercises 2. Product Design
Focus
TR Product Design Focus Exercises
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Lesson Starter Exercises 3. Design Specification
COMPARE DRAW-STRING STRAP DESIGNS
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Lesson Starter Exercises 3. Design
Specifications
Introduction The objective of this task is to
introduce students to a Design Brief and Design
Specifications. Through this, the task develops
students problem solving and analytical thinking
skills. It provides students with an alternative
method of generating design ideas, apart from
sketching. Task Students are given a design
situation and design brief, detailing the user
requirement and market trends. They are then
asked to create a detailed design specification,
listing the Essential Criteria and the Desirable
Criteria. Students are encouraged to sketch
alongside the specification if they think of an
interesting design solution. Extension Exercise
Students to subdivide the specifications into
the Users requirements, the Retailers and the
Manufactures, each one focused on their
individual needs. Resources Example Design
Brief and Specification Definition of Design
Specifications Visual of Students
Work Additional Design Specification Task
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Lesson Starter Exercises 3. What are Design
Specifications?

• Definition When designing a new product it is
  important to understand that there are key
  guidelines which the product must meet in order
  to be successful. These guidelines are called
  The Design Specifications. A specification is a
  set of guidelines or criteria you want your
  final design to achieve. This checklist can be
  divided into two sections
• ESSENTIAL CRITERIA This is a list of criteria
  your toaster design MUST meet, so that it
  functions correctly and is safe to use.
• DESIRABLE CRITERIA This is a list of the
  criteria your design SHOULD meet and the
  features it COULD have. These specifications
  improve the quality and appeal of the design but
  are not essential.
• Professional designers use their specification
  list at every stage of a design project, to check
  that they are meeting the clients original
  brief.

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Lesson Starter Exercises 3. Example Design
Brief

• Design Situation ( Tells the story, sets the
  scene for the design)
• A large scale sports company have noticed a gap
  in the market for a low budget football boot.
  Current products are too expensive for the
  teenage market and serve more as a fashion shoe
  than a serious training shoe. From recent user
  feedback sessions it has also emerged that there
  is a need to combine an internal sock to provide
  waterproofing and to control perspiration and
  foot odour.
• Design Brief ( Gives a clear indication as to
  what you have to do)
• To design and manufacture an innovative Football
  boot for the teenage market. The design should be
  suitable for all-terrain surfaces and tackle
  odour problems. The boot will be sold in the mass
  market within the low budget sector.

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Lesson Starter Exercises 3. 2nd Year Student
Example
Example Briefs Childrens High Chair Students
School Bag Mountain Bike MP3 Sports Player Golf
Bag
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Lesson Starter Exercises 4. Design Awareness
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Lesson Starter Exercises 4. Design Awareness
Introduction The objective of this task is to
introduce students to current design trends and
focus on a specific designer. Students study the
designers style and inspiration, commenting on
the aesthetic and functional approach. From this
students then design a range of products in the
style of the particular designer. This Task can
also be adapted to Design Trends, encouraging
study to explore the history of design and
technology. Task Students are shown a
selection of slides featuring the work of the
Australian designer Marc Newson. A group
discussion explores Newsons approach to design
and materials. Students are then required to
design a range of products in the style of
Newson. Students must annotate all sketches,
indicating the materials and product features.
Extension Exercise To research the work of
Marc Newson and create a short presentation
Resources PowerPoint Presentation of
Newsons work Lesson Task Slide Visuals of
Students Work
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Lesson Starter Exercises 4. Sketch Design Task
Based on the style and inspiration of the
designer MARC NEWSON, design two of the following
productsToothbrushMP3 PlayerSchool
BagChairBike Shed
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Lesson Starter Exercises 4. Design Awareness
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Lesson Starter Exercises 4. Student Work
TR Marc Newson Designs
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Lesson Starter Exercises 5 6 Design
Inspiration
Q How can we use resources as reference, to help
us design ..but not copy them directly ?
RESOURCE MATERIAL
DESIGN
INSPIRATION
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Lesson Starter Exercises 5 6 Design
Inspiration
Introduction The objective of this task is
firstly to teach students how to find
inspirational resource material. And secondly,
how to use this resource material to influence
design ideas. When designing, some students can
interpret a visual source too literally and as
such present a low level design solution. The
task, while difficult for students, encourages
them to look at the line, shape and contrast of
the resource material. The task is adaptable to a
variety of products and situations. Task
Students are shown the PowerPoint which explains
the concept of this topic and how to use visual
inspiration. Depending on department resources,
students can then participate in a group
activity, choosing inspirational material from a
range of books and magazines. Students need to
choose an image for the second section of this
activity. They can either cut this out and stick
it onto an A3 page or sketch the images onto the
page. Students must then use this inspiration to
design a lighting product. Resources
Detailed PowerPoint Presentation of
topic Resource Material Examples Visuals of
Students Work
RESOURCE MATERIAL
DESIGN
INSPIRATION
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Lesson Starter Exercises 5 6 Design
Inspiration
IS THIS A DESIGN SOLUTION ?
RESOURCE MATERIAL
INSPIRATION
DESIGN
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Lesson Starter Exercises 5 6 Design
Inspiration to Ideas
RESOURCE MATERIAL
DESIGN
INSPIRATION
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Lesson Starter Exercises 5 6 Design
Inspiration to Ideas
TR Inspiration Design Ideas
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Lesson Starter Exercises 7. Product Description
TASK HOW WOULD YOU DESCRIBE THE FUNCTION OF
THIS OBJECT WITHOUT USING THE FOLLOWING
WORDS JUICER, SQUEEZE, LEMON, LIME, FRUIT,
LIQUID. KITCHEN
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Lesson Starter Exercises 7. Product Description
Introduction This lesson starter is designed to
develop students verbal communication skills.
Students are required to think of alternative
means of describing standard products thus
promoting higher order thinking. Through this
task students become aware that they need to be
specific when describing their design ideas,
focusing on function, form, user group and key
features. Task Using a PowerPoint visual,
students are asked to describe the given product,
without using standard descriptive terms.
Students can choose to either describe the
product visually, functionally or describe a
situation where the product is used. This
highlights to students the basic functions of
product and the user group. Resources
PowerPoint Presentation of 4 additional
tasks Lesson Task Slide Visuals of Students
Work
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Lesson Starter Exercises 7. Product Description
TR Product Description Exercises
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Lesson Starter Exercises 8. Design Development
, Chair Focus
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Lesson Starter Exercises 8. Design Development
, Chair Focus
Introduction The objective of this starter
exercise is to enhance students understanding of
design ideas and its place within the design
cycle. Sketching is a vital design communication
skills and only through practice will students
progress. This exercise allows students to focus
on one particular product and create a range of
design ideas or developments. Task The
template sheet provided features one basic chair
sketch as starting point and a faded background
sketch in each of remaining spaces. There are two
approaches to the task The first, a high ability
task, requires that each new chair design is a
development on the previous. The second, asks
students to design a chair in each space for a
different user group or situation. Students
should be encouraged to annotate their ideas
clearly, indicating materials and key features.
Resources Template A3 Design Sheet Visuals
of Students Work
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Lesson Starter Exercises 8. A3 Template Design
Sheet
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Lesson Starter Exercises 8. 3rd Year Student
Example
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Lesson Starter Exercises 8. 3rd Year Student
Example
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Lesson Starter Exercises 8. 2nd Year Student
Examples
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Lesson Starter Exercises 9. Sketching
Rendering
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Lesson Starter Exercises 9. Sketching
Rendering

• TASK 1
• FILL AN A3 PAGE WITH FREEHAND ISOMETRIC
  BOXES..NO GRID PAPER, CHANGE MEDIUM USED, CHANGE
  DRAWING POSITION, STAND, SIT, HOP!
• TASK 2
• FILL AN A3 PAGE WITH STRAIGHT LINES NO GRID
  PAPER OR RULERS, CHANGE DIRECTION, TRY DRAW A
  SELECTION OF LINES PARALLEL AND THEN
  PERPENDICULAR.
• TASK 3
• FILL AN A3 PAGE WITH CIRCLESVARY THE SIZE AND
  THE MEDIUM USED.
• TASK 4
• FILL AN A3 PAGE WITH ISOMETRIC CIRCLES.NO GIRD
  PAPER, VARY THE SIZE MEDIUM USED.
• TASK 5
• DRAW A BOARDER, 10MM APPROX ON AN A3 PAGE. THEN
  DRAW ANOTHER 10MM BOARDER INSIDE THIS. CONTINUE
  TO THE CENTRE OF THE PAGE.

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Lesson Starter Exercises 9. Sketching
Rendering
Introduction These exercises are designed to
develop sketching and visualisation. Sketching is
a vital design communication skill and only
through practice, will students progress. The
section explores drawing and presentation
techniques focusing on the following 3D
Sketching, Introduction to Rendering and
Isometric drawing tasks. The tasks also provide
visual examples of rendering a variety of
materials which students can then apply to their
project design sheets. Task Following a
demonstration, students are required to complete
the tasks using the template sheets provided. A
list of equipment is provided although not all is
need for basic sketching. Resources Template
A3 Design Sheet Visuals of Students Work
TR Template Sheets Rendering Exercises
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Lesson Starter Exercises 10. Questionable
Product Design
SOFT BONNET HOOD HAIRDRYER
?
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Lesson Starter Exercises 10. Questionable
Product Design
Introduction The task is centred on group
design discussions. The objective of the task is
to explore the social and moral responsibility of
a designer, through questionable product
designs. During the task students should engage
in discussions relating to the strengths and
weaknesses of the products and identify their
position as consumers, within the design cycle.
Task The sections looks at two products.
The first slide shows the product, the second
details the products features and final slide
promotes questions for group discussion.
Students should be encouraged to explore the
positive and negative implications of design and
the social/environmental aspects. Resources
Visual Slides Discussion Questions and
Tasks
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Lesson Starter Exercises 10. Poor Product Design
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Lesson Starter Exercises 10. Questionable
Product Design
SOFT BONNET HOOD DRY

• What are your first impressions of the Soft
  Bonnet Hairdryer?
• List the strengths and weaknesses of this
  product?
• List the design specifications for this product.
• List the user needs for this product.
• Suggest five areas for development to improve
  this product.
• Sketch five aesthetic/functional design
  developments.

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Lesson Starter Exercises 10. Questionable
Product Design
TASK 2
MORAL SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY ?
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Lesson Starter Exercises 10. Questionable
Product Design

• Features and Specifications
• Designed exclusively for use with your Apple
  iPod, iWear includes revolutionary new features
  and benefits that make it the hottest must-have
  accessory for video iPod owners!
• No more small screen viewing here iWear
  projects a virtual 44" screen creating a movie
  theatre experience that fits in the palm of your
  hand and weighs in at a mere 4 ounces.
• iWear plugs directly into the iPod bottom dock
  connector which it also powers off of so there
  are no messy power cords or bulky battery packs
  to get in your way.
• iWear also offers privacy so you no longer have
  to worry about someone looking over your
  shoulder. Best of all, amazing 3D content is
  available for a stunning 3D viewing experience.

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Lesson Starter Exercises 10. Questionable
Product Design

• What are your first impressions of the iWear
  product?
• List the strengths and weaknesses of this
  product?
• List the design specifications for this product.
• List the user needs for this product.
• Suggest five areas for development to improve
  this product.
• Sketch five aesthetic/functional design
  developments.

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LESSON STARTER PRODUCT DESIGN FOCUS
What do you think this object is? What else
could the object be used for? If you were to
redesign this object draw or list some weird and
wonderful features, it might have?
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LESSON STARTER PRODUCT DESIGN FOCUS
What do you think this object is? What else
could the object be used for? If you were to
redesign this object draw or list some weird and
wonderful features, it might have?
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LESSON STARTER PRODUCT DESIGN FOCUS
What do you think this object is? What else
could the object be used for? If you were to
redesign this object draw or list some weird and
wonderful features, it might have?
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LESSON STARTER PRODUCT DESIGN FOCUS
What do you think this object is? What else
could the object be used for? If you were to
redesign this object draw or list some weird and
wonderful features, it might have?
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LESSON STARTER PRODUCT DESIGN FOCUS
What do you think this object is? What else
could the object be used for? If you were to
redesign this object draw or list some weird and
wonderful features, it might have?
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Lesson StarterBased on the style and
inspiration of the designer Marc Newson, design
two of the following productsToothbrushMP3
PlayerSchool BagChairBike Shed
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MARC NEWSON BIOGRAPHY 1963 Born in Sydney,
Australia. 1982 Enrols at Sydney College of the
Arts to study jewellery and sculpture.1987
Lives in London. Makes Pod of Drawers from
materials stolen from the model making workshop
where he works part-time.1989 Moves to Tokyo,
1990 Wicker Chair and Lockhead Lounge. 1992
Opens studio in Paris rag trade district. 1995
Coast restaurant opens in London with interior
and furniture by Newson.1997 Moves to London.
Alessi bathroom and kitchen products.1999
Spends most of the year in Turin developing the
021C concept car for Ford at Ghia carrozzeria.
021C unveiled at Tokyo Motor Show.2002 Designs
new business class seats for Qantas airline and
sanitaryware for Ideal Standard.2003 Develops a
range of cookware for Tefal, mobile phones for
KDDI and completes work on a bar at Lever House
in New York. Participates in The European Design
Show at the Design Museum.2004 Creates Kelvin
40, a concept jet, commissioned and presented at
Fondation Cartier, Paris. Unveils a range of
sports footwear for Nike, Stages a major survey
exhibition of his work at the Design Museum
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MARC NEWSON
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MARC NEWSON
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MARC NEWSON
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MARC NEWSON
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MARC NEWSON
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MARC NEWSON
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Resource Material Inspiration Design Ideas
IS THIS DESIGN?
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Resource Material Inspiration Design Ideas
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Resource Material Inspiration Design Ideas
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Resource Material Inspiration Design Ideas
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Resource Material Inspiration Design Ideas
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Resource Material Inspiration Design Ideas
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Resource Material Inspiration Design Ideas
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Resource Material Inspiration Design Ideas
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Resource Material Inspiration Design Ideas
INSPIRATION
RESOURCE MATERIAL
SEE NEXT FEW SLIDES FOR EXAMPLES
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Resource Material Inspiration Design Ideas
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Resource Material Inspiration Design Ideas
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Resource Material Inspiration Design Ideas
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INSPIRATION
RESOURCE MATERIAL
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Resource Material Inspiration Design Ideas
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Resource Material Inspiration Design Ideas
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Resource Material Inspiration Design Ideas
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Resource Material Inspiration Design Ideas
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BEFORE YOU START DESIGNING!
Resource Material Inspiration Design Ideas

• Think about your main design specifications, what
  must it have, what could it have?
• What are the basic components in lighting design?
  What do you need to include in your design?
• Lamp fittings variety of sizes and types of
  lamps, range of products. ( See Next Slide)

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Resource Material Inspiration Design Ideas
What are the basic components in lighting design?
What do you need to include in your design? Lamp
fittings variety of sizes and types of lamps,
range of products.
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Resource Material Inspiration Design Ideas
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Resource Material Inspiration Design Ideas
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Resource Material Inspiration Design Ideas
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Resource Material Inspiration Design Ideas
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Lesson Starter - Product Description
TASK HOW WOULD YOU DESCRIBE THE FUNCTION OF
THIS OBJECT WITHOUT USING THE FOLLOWING
WORDS HAIRBRUSH, HAIR, BRUSH, COMB, HANDLE,
HEAD, GRIP
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Lesson Starter - Product Description
TASK HOW WOULD YOU DESCRIBE THE FUNCTION OF
THIS OBJECT WITHOUT USING THE FOLLOWING
WORDS CAR, VEHICLE, TRANSPORT, LEXIS, SPEED,
MOVE, WHEELS, PEOPLE
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Lesson Starter - Product Description
TASK HOW WOULD YOU DESCRIBE THE FUNCTION OF
THIS OBJECT WITHOUT USING THE FOLLOWING
WORDS REMOTE CONTROL, TV, RADIO, CHANNLES,
BUTTONS, INFRARED, COMMUNICATE, HANDHELD
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Lesson Starter - Product Description
TASK HOW WOULD YOU DESCRIBE THE FUNCTION OF
THIS OBJECT WITHOUT USING THE FOLLOWING
WORDS BIKE, TRANSPORT, CYCLE, ROAD, WHEELS,
FRAME, GEARS, PEOPLE
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Lesson Starter - Product Description
TASK HOW WOULD YOU DESCRIBE THE FUNCTION OF
THIS OBJECT WITHOUT USING THE FOLLOWING
WORDS JUICER, SQUEEZE, LEMON, LIME, FRUIT,
LIQUID. KITCHEN
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Technology

Lesson Starter Exercises Rendering Sketching
Focus
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Lesson Starter Sketching Rendering Exercise
SKETCHING EQUIPMENT Sharp Drawing Pencils HB,
2B, Blue Coloured Pencils Polychromos Fine Line
Set 0.2, 0.5, 0.8 White Gel / Tipex Pen Marker
Rendering Cool Grey 2, 4, 6 2-3 Colours (
Yellow Wood) Aqua ( Glass and Sketching) Red (
Graphic Arrows) Bleed proof Paper Marker
Bleed Steel Rule, Craft Knife Drawing Templates -
Curves Quality Eraser and Sharpener Chalk Pastel
Set Glass Rendering
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Lesson Starter Sketching Rendering Exercise

• Using Line Detail for Sketch Rendering
• Vary Line Spacing Direction
• Vary Dot Spacing
• 2B 4B Pencil Tones
• Marker Rendering
• Pantone Cool Grey 2 6
• White Tipex Pen

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Lesson Starter Sketching Rendering Exercise
Low Gloss Metal / Plastic Cool Grey Markers
2-6 White Centre Section Blue Pencil Highest
Reflection
High Metal Horizon Effect Yellow , Blue
Markers, Colour Pencils White Centre
Section White Tipex Pen Highest Reflection
Transparent Plastic / Glass Aqua Markers, Pastel,
Tipex Edge White Centre Section, Blue
Pencil Indicate Hidden Detail, Back Edge
Wood Section Yellow Marker, Brown, Yellow Tone
Pencil Indicate Grain Direction Grey Contrast
Shadow
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Lesson Starter Sketching Rendering Exercise
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Lesson Starter Sketching Rendering Exercise
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Lesson Starter Sketching Rendering Exercise
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Lesson Starter Sketching Rendering Exercise
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Lesson Starter Sketching Rendering Exercise
A. Marker Rendering Contour Lines Graphic
Arrows Contrast Drop Shadow Line Detail - Spacing
B. Coloured Background Sketch White Pencil on
Brown Paper Brown Pencil - Shading Show Hidden
Detail - Transparent
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Lesson Starter Sketching Rendering Exercise
Combination Sketch Contour Lines Graphic
Arrows Annotation Horizon Line Contrast Drop
Shadow Line Detail Spacing Dot Detail
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Lesson Starter Sketching Rendering Exercise
Combination Sketch