RESQML for 3D4D Reservoir Characterization

1
RESQML for3D/4D Reservoir Characterization

• Michael J. King
• Senior Advisor, BP America, Inc.
• Energistics Standards SeminarSPE Digital Energy
  Conference
• 6 April 2009

2
Outline

• Introduction
• RESCUE Consortium
• History, Membership, Workflow
• RESQML in Energistics
• Context and Structure
• RESQML Roadmap
• Requirements, Use Cases, Evolution
• Discussion / Questions?

2
3
Introduction
4
Why Build A 3D Reservoir Model?

• 3D Detailed Geologic Static Model
• Understanding the resource in place
• Understanding the play type
• Well targeting
• Upscaled Flow Simulation Model
• Performance prediction in the absence of dynamic
  data
• Starting point for a history match when dynamic
  data is available
• Prediction of reserves per well
• Prediction of new processes in anexisting field

3D Reservoir Modelling Workflow (After Roxar RMS)
5
Position in the EP Business Processes
Business Processes
After Chevron, ExxonMobil
30
Geoscience Data
Reservoir Models
De facto Standards,RESQML Domain
Many Production Applications
6
RESCUE Consortium
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RESCUE Consortium 1 / 3

• Initiated in 1995, RESCUE is a Joint Industry
  Project managed by Energistics (formerly POSC).
  The acronym 'RESCUE' stands for REServoir
  Characterization Using Epicentre
• http//www.posc.org/rescue
• The purpose was to provide aforum for the
  development ofan open standard for thetransfer
  of data fromgeomodels to upscalers,
  specifically through the use of the POSC
  Epicenter data model

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RESCUE Consortium 2 / 3

• Delivery of the standard replaced Epicenter with
  a collection of binary flat files to describe
• Structural Framework Faults Horizons
• 3D Grids Static and Simulation
• Wells Especially Log Data
• To ensure a commonimplementation a set ofClass
  Libraries weredeveloped under contractto the
  RESCUE project,and are the vehicle of choice for
  implementing an API to the RESCUE standard.

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RESCUE Consortium 3 / 3

• RESCUE Organization
• Mike Castleberg, Program Manager
• Rod Hanks, Class Libraries
• Oil Company Chair
• Oil Company Sponsors
• Shell, BP, Total, StatoilHydro
• Vendors
• 20 Current Members delivering commercialapplicat
  ions with RESCUE readers /or writers
• ILABs Interactive Laboratories
• Multi-vendor testing and development
• Oil company guidance
• Genuine collaboration

10
RESCUE in the Workflow Initial Scope Static to
Dynamic
RESCUE provides for the transfer of the 3D
Reservoir Model from the Static to the
Dynamic Domain

• RESCUE
• 3D Grid is the primary data
• Faults / Horizons / Wells associated with the
  grid
• Provides a link from Geologic to Simulation
  Vendors
• Workflow has been extended to support better
  multi-vendor reservoir characterization

3D Reservoir Modelling Workflow (After Roxar RMS)
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RESCUE in Use

• Deepwater GOM Appraisal
• Large Structure
• Partially Subsalt
• Structurally Complex
• Potentially Complex Channel Architecture
• Faults Fault Seal?
• Connected Volumes?
• Reserves per Well?
• Performance Prediction?
• RESCUE used to combine multiple analyses since no
  one application could provide adequate technical
  assessment
• Partial updates can be managed in RESCUE now, but
  it takes user skill and specific application
  experience

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RESQML in Energistics
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Energistics Subject Areas RESQML SIG initiated
1 Jan 2009

• RESQML WITSML
• Real-time updates of 3Dreservoir models while
  drilling

Asset/DataManagementSIG
eRegulatory SIG
AssetManagement
ltRESQML/gtSIG

• RESQML PRODML
• Rapid integration ofproduction history to
  validate/or calibrate models

Reservoir

Reservoir

Production


ProductionGeology
Geology SIG
Engineering
Engineering
Geology
Expl

Petrophysics
Petroleum


Petrophysics
Petroleum

ExplGeology
Geology
Engineering
Engineering

• Industry Services SIG
• Technical Architecture
• Energy Identity Trust

Drilling

Production

Facilities

Drilling

Production

Facilities

Engineering
Engineering
Engineering
Engineering
Engineering
Engineering
Completion
Drilling
Production

Drilling

Completion

Production



Geophysics
Operations
Workover
Operations
Geophysics
Operations
Workover
Operations
Geophysics SIG
ltWITSML/gt
ltPRODML/gt
SIG
SIG
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RESQML Team Structure

• Steering Committee
• Scope, Direction, Marketing
• Use Case Team
• Workflows, Processes, and Requirements
• RESCUE
• Maintenance of the existing libraries (v37.7)
• Technical Teams
• Infrastructure
• Binary, ASCII to Binary, Shared Utilities
• Wells
• WITSML with RESQML extensions
• Structural Earth Model
• Faults, Horizons Structural Framework
• GRID Reservoir Model
• 3D Grids, Properties Cell Connections
• Discretized Faults, Horizons Well Perforations

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RESQML Roadmap Requirements
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RESQML Requirements

• Support for partial model transfer and updates
• Enhanced integration with 3D/4D Seismic data
• Commercial / Life of Field data integrity
• Managing Risk Uncertainty
• Geomechanical Support
• Giga-Cell Models
• Unstructured Grids

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RESQML Roadmap

• RESCUE v37 remains the standard in production use
  until RESQML enabled applications render it
  obsolete
• 2009 Version 0.0
• As of today, we are four months into the new
  Energistics SIG and are making good progress
  towards an XML-based standard based on relatively
  simple models
• 2009 Version 1.0
• By year end, first standard published for vendor
  comment prototype implementation
• 2010 Version 1.N
• Revisions of 1.0 plus new features
• 2010/11 Version 2.0
• First release in commercial vendor tools

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RESQML Roadmap - Structural

• Version 1.0
• Faults and Horizons transferred as individual
  objects
• Version 2.0
• Faults and Horizons in a Structural Framework
• Rich set of representations, e.g., tri-surfaces,
  2d grids, scattered data, etc.
• Discretized faults,horizon structureon the
  GRID
• Version 3.0
• Multiple realizations
• Enhanced metadata
• Rule based (?)

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RESQML Roadmap - GRID

• Version 1.0
• Single / Multiple Corner Point Grids
• Numerical Local Grid Refinement
• Straight / Piecewise Linear / Spline Coordinate
  Lines
• Multiple layering schemes
• Static and Dynamic cell properties, with packing
• Non-Standard Adjacency (Pinch-out Faults)
• Version 2.0
• Geometric Local Grid Refinement Coarsening
• Seismic Volumes / Tartan Simulation Grids
• Node based properties (geomechanics seismic)
• Version 3.0
• Radial Grids
• Streamline-based unstructured grids
• Unstructured Cell Indexing and Truncated Grids
• 2.5D and 3D PEBI Grids

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Energistics Subject Areas
Asset/DataManagementSIG
eRegulatory SIG
AssetManagement
ltRESQML/gt
Reservoir

Reservoir

Production

Production

SIG
Geology SIG
Engineering
Engineering
Geology
Geology
Expl

Petrophysics
Petroleum

Expl

Petrophysics
Petroleum

Geology
Engineering
Geology
Engineering

• Industry Services SIG
• Technical Architecture
• Energy Identity Trust

Drilling

Production

Facilities

Drilling

Production

Facilities

Engineering
Engineering
Engineering
Engineering
Engineering
Engineering
Completion
Drilling
Production

Drilling

Completion

Production



Geophysics
Operations
Workover
Operations
Geophysics
Operations
Workover
Operations
Geophysics SIG
ltWITSML/gt
ltPRODML/gt
SIG
SIG
20
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Discussion Questions?
21
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Backup!
22
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Discussion Questions?
Business Processes
After Chevron, ExxonMobil
30
Geoscience Data
Reservoir Models
De facto Standards,RESQML Domain
Many Production Applications
24
RESQML Requirements 1a / 5

• What Have We Learned from RESCUE?
• Work processes, not a single Static to Dynamic
  Workflow
• Also Static to Static and Dynamic to Static
  transfers
• Support for partial model transfers updates
• Structural description in Application-1
• Properties in Application-2
• Well design in Application-3
• Upscaling in Application-4
• Dynamic Predictions in Application-5
• Transfer predictions back to the static model
• Review Performance Against Predictions in
  Application-6
• Update description back in Applications-1,2,

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RESQML Requirements 1b / 5

• Partial updates can be managed in RESCUE now, but
  it takes user skill and specific application
  experience
• Deepwater GOM Appraisal
• Large Structure
• Partially Subsalt
• Structurally Complex
• Potentially Complex Channel Architecture
• Faults Fault Seal?
• Connected Volumes?
• Reserves per Well?
• Performance Prediction?
• RESCUE used to combine multiple analyses since no
  one application could provide adequate technical
  assessment

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RESQML Requirements 2 / 5

• Commercial Requirements are More Rigorous
• Sarbanes-Oxley has increased the rigor which we
  must document reserves, with supporting data
  interpretations
• 7 Years Life of Field has increased the need
  for Vendor Application neutral data formats
• The use of Markup Languageallows RESQML to
  representsignificantly more metadata
  oninterpretations and data sourcesthan does
  RESCUE.

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RESQML Requirements 3 / 5

• Managing Risk and Uncertainly
• Markup language provides extensions to our
  current data structures to support multiple
  reservoir models
• Examples
• Here is a collection of 10 equi-likely reservoir
  models
• Here is a most-likely and a standard distribution
  Top Reservoir map which honors all of our well
  data.
• Please create 100 equi-likely Top Reservoir maps
• Extensions
• Representation by Value
• Representation by a Collection
• Representation by a Rule

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RESQML Requirements 4 / 5

• Giga-cell Models
• Successful continued infill development of mature
  producing reservoirs requires more detail, higher
  resolution, and better Static ? Dynamic
  integration
• Example SPE 116675
• From Mega-Cell to Giga-Cell Reservoir
  SimulationAli Dogru et.al., Saudi Arabian Oil
  Company
• 109 cell dynamic simulation models
• 1010-1011 cell static geologic models
• RESCUE interchange formats have not been
  optimized for systems of this size
• 107-108 cell static geologic models are common

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RESQML Requirements 5 / 5

• Additional Classes of Models
• 4D Seismic exceptionally useful forreservoir
  surveillance and management
• Geomechanical models extend from thesurface to
  beyond the reservoir
• Seismic Volumes
• Tartan Simulation Grids
• Unstructured Grids
• Streamline simulation models are basedon 1D
  streamlines embedded in a 3D space
• Unstructured Cell Indexing and Truncated Grids
  are in current use by several 3D Static modeling
  applications to describe complex structures,
  especially reverse faults
• 2.5D and 3D PEBI grids are in use in the
  Simulation Domain