Universe Division Update Presentation to the Astronomy and Astrophysics Advisory Committee

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Universe Division UpdatePresentation to the
Astronomy and Astrophysics Advisory Committee

• Michael Salamon
• Universe Division, Science Mission Directorate
• May 16, 2005
• NSF Headquarters

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Universe Division Update

• Griffins Testimony to Congress
• FY2005 Operating Plan Update (May, 2005)
• Science Updates to the Press
• Status of Missions
• JWST--will cover via telecon on Tuesday
• HST Update
• Fate of ST-7 and Implications for LISA
• ROSES Announcement of Call for JDEM Concept
  Studies
• NASA Roadmapping Update
• RA Update
• Divisional Personnel Changes

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Griffins Testimony to Congress

• May 12, 2005 testimony on NASAs FY 2006 budget
  to the Senate Appropriations Subcommittee on
  Commerce, Justice, and Science can be found at
  http//www1.nasa.gov/pdf/115069main_mg_senate_0512
  05.pdf
• Major quotes
• The President has reaffirmed his commitment to
  the Visionthe 16.46B requested for NASA
  reflects an increase of 2.4 over FY 2005.
• I want to thank this Committee and the Congress
  for providing NASA additional flexibility in the
  FY 2005 appropriations bill to address the
  challenges facing the Agency.
• Several missions will have to be delayed,
  deferred, or cancelled in order to pay for the
  missions where the priorities were set by the
  President and Congress.
• In order to service the HST and provide for a
  safe deorbit, NASA will need to defer work on
  even more advanced space telescopes like the SIM
  and TPF. The extent of this deferral and an
  appropriate follow-onstrategy for the Origins
  program is currently under review.
• CEV Crew Exploration Vehicle development must
  be accelerated in order to minimize the gap
  between the Space Shuttle retirement and the
  first operation flight of the CEV.
• Space Shuttle return-to-flight planned for
  mid-July.
• The Space Shuttle will be retired by 2010.
• The CEV will conduct missions in Earth orbit,
  including missions to the ISS, but its primary
  mission will be to support exploration of the
  Moon and other destinatons.
• By 2010, the Science budget will increase by 23
  over current levels.

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Griffins Letter to Sen. Shelby on FY2005
Operating Plan

• FY05 Congressional earmarks to NASA total
  426M Space Science budget reduced by 76M,
  Earth Science by 89M to support these.
• Space Science reduced by 20M, Earth Science by
  35M for our share of return-to-flight FY05 costs
  (totaling 762M).
• Management responsibility for potential Shuttle
  servicing mission for HST and de-orbit is
  consolidated within the SMD.
• Zero Base Review of Biological and Physical
  Research portfolio (old Code U) completed
• High priority areas such as space radiation
  health and shielding, environmental control, life
  support, advanced EVA, and human health will be
  maintained/augmented.
• Low priority tasks include fundamental research
  in physics, material science and combustion--no
  link to exploration requirements.

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FY05 Operating Plan Update

• April Changes May
• (in M) Operating Operating
• Plan Update Plan Update
• Astronomical Search for Origins 1,135.7 -37.5 1
  ,098.2
• HST Development 115.3 116.0 231.3
• Kepler Development 125.4 -30.2 95.2
• SOFIA Development 62.5 9.0 71.5
• Operations 22.4 6.8 29.2
• Research 209.9 -29.3 180.6
• SIM 142.9 -43.0 99.9
• JWST 313.6 -26.7 286.9
• TPF 51.8 -11.2 40.6
• Keck Interferometer 12.2 0.5 12.8
• Other ASO 79.7 -29.4 50.3
• Structure and Evolution of the Universe 377.5 -0.
  5 376.9
• GLAST Development 101.7 9.6 111.4
• SEU Small Development Projects 19.5 6.6 26.1
• Swift 3.1 0.0 3.1

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Spitzer Detects Extra-solar Planets
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Largest Explosion in the Universe
Chandra data (red) VLA data (blue)
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Stellar Weight Limit
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Selected Recent Science News Updates

• Chandra observes early X-ray history of our Sun
  by viewing X-ray flares of new 1 solar-mass
  stars in Orion Nebula. X-ray flares likely
  ionized protoplanetary disk, inducing turbulence
  which may have saved Earth by preventing its
  migration to the Sun. (May, 2005)
• Brightest cosmic flash ever detected seen by
  Swift, VLA, RHESSI, and others. Likely source
  A magnetar (1015 G neutron star) undergoing
  magnetic reconnection in our Galaxy. Approx
  1040 W in 0.1 sec deflected our ionosphere.
• 15th Anniversary of HST.
• Swift detects short GRB (GRB 050509B)--50 msec
  very faint afterglow. Location supports picture
  of merging older NSs and/or BHs. (May 11, 2005)
• GALEX finds massive young galaxies in nearly
  Universe (1 Gpc distance)
• Spitzer sees signs of alien asteroid belt around
  a Sun-like star. (April, 2005)
• Chandra, HST, JCMT find that young galaxies with
  intense star formation are also growing their
  central massive black holes concurrently, likely
  due to galaxy collisions (April, 2005).

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HST Update

• Management of HST development has been
  transferred back to the Science Mission
  Directorate the Exploration Directorate is no
  longer involved.
• The full 291M appropriated by Congress for FY05
  to be dedicated to Hubble reservicing option with
  Shuttle.
• HST Program Office is studying Shuttle based
  servicing, to include a deorbit module as well as
  science instruments.
• NASA will make a decision on executing the
  Shuttle servicing mission after completion of two
  successful return-to-flight missions (this year).
  
• Plan to enter 2-gyro mode preemptively this
  summer late this summer or early this fall, as a
  measure of saving gyroscope capability (i.e.
  adding about 9 months of extra observing time,
  potentially). The point spread function is as
  good for 2-gyro mode as for 3. The only
  potential loss is observing efficiency, since in
  2-gyro mode you cannot access all of the sky at
  any one time.

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ST-7 Descope

• New Millenium Program mission ST-7 competitively
  selected in July, 2001 to advance technologies of
  gravitational reference systems (Stanford U) and
  micro-Newton thrusters (Busek Corp.). Confirmed
  for Implementation in July 2003.
• First user of technology is LISA (Disturbance
  Reduction System) ST-7 and ESAs LISA Test
  Package to be launched in 2008 as an ESA SMART-2
  mission, LISA Pathfinder.
• LISA Pathfinder is a critical risk-reducing
  technology mission for LISA. Will determine
  magnitude of acceleration noise in drag-free
  masses and values of unknown parameters such as
  transverse control cross-coupling.
• Due to cost overrun (34M for original cap of
  60M), PMC recommends descope to flight with
  micro-newton thrusters only.
• Approval by Al Diaz delayed by recent budget
  exercises.

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Upcoming Call for JDEM Concept Studies

• Final decision to issue an amendment to the 2005
  NASA ROSES (Research Opportunities in Space and
  Earth Science) that calls for JDEM Concept Study
  proposals is expected shortly.
• If approved,the ROSES amendment will be out by
  June, with JDEM Concept Study proposals due 6
  months later.
• Will support one or more teams up to 2M/yr for
  two years.
• No restriction on methodology for determining
  dark energy parameters.
• (JDEM was listed as the highest priority Probe in
  the Universe Strategic Roadmap.)
• (Dark Energy Task Force will provide input on
  target parameter accuracies.)
• (JDEM SDT meets next in June, 2005.)

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Status of Other Missions

• GLAST On track for Sept 07 launch.
• SOFIA Latest first flight moved back to Nov.
  2005. New structural analysis raises concerns
  safety shutdown in Feb contributes to delay.
• FUSE Current operation limited and inefficient
  due to operation with only 2 (not 3) gyros and 1
  (not 4) reaction wheels. Next Senior Review for
  operating missions in April, 2006 fate of FUSE
  determined then.
• Kepler, WISE reduced funding in FY05 to help
  other costs to Universe Division.
• JWST Update will be given tomorrow by the JWST
  Program Scientist, Eric Smith.

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NASA Roadmap Update

• NASAs new Administrator has terminated work on
  all but the science and ISS strategic roadmaps
  (SRs).
• Summaries of the six SMD SRs are being
  assembled into a single document which will be
  used internally at HQ.
• The six SMD strategic roadmaps, due May 20 at HQ,
  will each retain their identity, being compiled
  into a separate volume.
• NRC review of the science roadmaps (promised to
  Congress) will occur June 13-15, 2005 in
  Washington DC. Kathy Flanagan and Adam Burrows,
  External Co-Chairs of the UDs two roadmaps, will
  present.
• Capability roadmaps will be integrated in a
  final APIO effort on May 16-20.
• All SR documents will be available shortly on
  NASAs web site.

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RA plus GO Funding
RA
SST
CXO
HST
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Universe Division Theory Funding
(Units M)
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RA Theory Split
(Units M)
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RA Re-alignment Options

• Total investment in Theory of 14M (ATP, BEFS,
  APRA, HST, Chandra, Spitzer, TPF/ Origins Solar
  System) is 15 total RA DA budget, and 25
  of the RA budget.
• Example Options for incrementing ATP by 3M are
  as follows.
• Overall reduction of 10 to technology
  development programs across all wavelengths
  (suborbital, detector development, supporting
  technology, laboratory astrophysics, ground
  based), and origins of solar systems research.
• Eliminate 2 balloon payloads (1 cosmic rays, 1
  gamma rays), 2 detector programs (1 IR, 1 UV), 3
  Lab Astro projects.
• Slow down work by reducing funding for 4 balloon
  payloads, 6 detector programs, 6 Lab Astro
  projects.
• Potential Impact Loss of 3 to 4 groups in
  affected technology areas, or slow down of work
  in several areas. Could cause laboratories at
  Universities and NASA Centers to close.
  Laboratory data required for interpreting space
  based spectroscopic data will not be available.
• CAA Recommendation The theory challenges should
  be planned and budgeted as an integral part of
  the project or mission. The funds should be
  allocated through open competition in the
  national community rather than as add-ons to
  observational or instrumentation grants or
  contracts, and under no circumstances should they
  divert funds from existing grants programs for
  broadly based theory.

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Divisional Personnel Changes

• Leaving
• Phil Crane, Navigator Program Scientist
• Lou Kaluzienski (1 year detail to GSFC)
• Paul Hertz, SMD AAA for Science
• Joining
• Steve Ridgway, from NOAO
• Pamela Marcum, from TCU
• Ron Hellings, from Montana State U. (Theory IPA)