CS 431 Architecture of Web Information Systems Spring 04 April 16th 2004

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CS 431 - Architecture of Web Information
SystemsSpring 04April 16th 2004

• Social Networks in Scholarly publishing

Shay David sd256 at cornell.edu
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The communities of scholarly publishing

• Scholarly activity as agora communities for idea
  generation
• What role do documents play in formation of
  these communities?
• How do these communities change when documents
  change?

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Revolutions in scholarly communication

• End of the 17th century first scholarly journal
• From face-to-face communication to more open
  accessible system
• Anselm Strauss social worlds built on texts
• Distortion by commercialization of publication
• End of 20th Century - Web
• Reassertion of democratization
• Emergence of multiple alternatives to journals
  e-Print archives, institutional repositories,
  technical and organizational federations

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Claim

• the nature of the document, the technical
  artifact of scholarly activity, and the nature of
  the social networks in which this activity takes
  place have a reflexive relationship.

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The Problem Space
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Social Networks

• Comprise a set of people , organizations, and
  other social entities connected by socially
  meaningful relationships
• Study of communities in physical environments-can
  well-known concepts be transferred to virtual

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SameTime A/V Meeting Network, Fall 2002
Red Cornell University Blue Syracuse
University
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Applications

• Using Social Network Analysis to inform decisions
  about group membership
• Identified teams with
• Less initial apprehension toward new technology
• High expectations for DL
• High evaluations of intra-group communication
• Important dimensions for New task groups

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Traditional Scholarly Publishing Network
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Researcher Social Network
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Hybrid Network
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Transformation of Scholarly Networks
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Understanding Evolution of Different Networks

• Three hypotheses
• Reputation, authority, and trust can emerge
  through different network measurements
• Different classes of documents will enable
  different dimension of reputation, authority and
  trust
• The hybrid network of documents and scholars will
  enable more dynamic interactions between scholars
  and documents and thus lead to faster evolution
  of the network.

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So, how can we understand the evolution of
different networks?

• Four steps of investigation
• Identification of an arXiv sub-community
• Understanding of the evolution of formal document
  network and social network
• Understanding of the evolution of semi-formal
  network
• Developing and investigating mechanisms for
  materializing informal communication

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Expanding the breadth of documents

• Enrich the document milieu
• annotations, reviews, recommendations,
  similarity-maps, data visualizations
• Intermix formal publication artifacts with
  artifacts of personal communication

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Reputation of documents and actors

• How can reputation be managed when documents
  include not only published work but also less
  formal documents?
• Claim Reputation is important as both a means to
  select material during discovery (a potential
  solution to the problem of information overload)
  and as a means to build social capital

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Recommendations and Visualization

• Sociograms - diagrams that visualize the
  connection among the different parts of the
  network
• Make available to users in real time to visualize
  their own social environment according to
  different matching criteria
• Facilitate answers to
• Who is talking to whom?
• What are the articles relevant to a specific
  subject?
• Who are the experts?

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Expanding the depth of documents

• Examples
• Concurrent presentation of multimedia
• Incorporation of real-time data
• Integration of database queries (e.g. GIS data)
• Towards virtual documents

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Challenges with virtual documents

• Aggregation composed from several sources of
  data of mixed genre text, images, video, audio,
  database access, and other types.
• Distribution document parts may reference
  external data sources.
• Execution integration and execution of local or
  distributed parameterized services (programs)
  that process the local or distributed data
  producing on-demand disseminations.

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A little story

• Adrian Johns / The Nature of the Book, p. 633

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