National Center for Food Protection and Defense Food Defense Education: Post 911

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National Center for Food Protection and
DefenseFood Defense Education Post 9/11

• USDA / APHISTraining and Education Programs

April 17, 2007
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Why Target Agriculture?Value and Facts of U.S.
Agriculture

• US Agriculture (Livestock) 100 billion/year
  1/3 of annual DOD budget
• Cattle and calves 40 billion
• Poultry poultry products 22 billion
• Dairy products 18 billion
• Hogs and pigs 14 billion
• Sheep, lambs, and wool 700 million

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Why Use Livestock or Crop Diseases?

• Disease agents are EASY to introduce
• No need for weaponization - EASE of transmission
• Perpetrator safety
• Plausible deniability
• Agents are widely available
• Disproportionate Impact Asymmetric Threat

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Protecting Agriculture

• Education, Training, and Outreach
• Multi-discipline and Multi-agency Involvement
• Resource Management
• Increase Assessment Pre- and Post-Event
• Integrate Valid Lessons Learned into Business
  Practices

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Cumulative Skills and Abilities Required to
Respond to an Agricultural Event

1910.120 PPE DECON Disposal
Crime Scene Preservation Forensic Evidence
Collection Chain of Custody Quarantine Enforcement
HAZMAT Skills
Incident Command System
LawEnforcement
Medical Skills DVM MD EMT
Animal Health Human Health (includes Public
Health, Mental Health) Disease Recognition Treatme
nt Mass Euthanasia
Local, State and Federal GO / NGO Media / Public
Information Political Economic
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US Government Veterinarians
Area Offices in most states Eastern Regional
Office (Raleigh, NC) Western Regional Office (Ft.
Collins, CO)
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Partnerships builds strength!

• Homeland Security Presidential Directive No. 9
  (HSPD-9) directs the DHS and USDA to prepare
  their Departments and the Nation to respond to
  natural, accidental, and deliberate agricultural
  disease events.
• The APHIS and DHS Grants and Training (GT)
  partnership was initiated in 2003 and officially
  approved in 2005.

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APHIS / DHS GT Partnership

• The APHIS/DHS GT partnership is one of several
  established to improve the USDAs emergency
  readiness and capability to protect Americas
  critical agriculture infrastructure in accordance
  with Homeland Security Presidential Directives.

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Agriculture Emergency Response Training Course
(AgERT)

• The AgERT course is the product of a joint
  project effort between DHS GTs Center for
  Domestic Preparedness (CDP) and the Animal and
  Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS).
• Course was developed in collaboration with the
  College of Veterinary Medicine at Auburn
  University and Tuskegee University, to support
  the development and delivery of agriculturally
  specific emergency response training.
• Veterinarians/Plant Disease Experts and Emergency
  Responders should train the way they will be
  required to function in an all-hazards response.

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Center for Domestic Preparedness (CDP)

• Only Federally owned and operated Weapons of Mass
  Destruction Training Center in the US
• Started in 1998, the CDP has trained more than
  100,000 state and local emergency responders
• (March 1, 2003) Transitioned from Department of
  Justice to the Department of Homeland Security
• Trains local, state, Federal, tribal, parish,
  private and international partners
• Has more than 300,000 square feet of dedicated
  training space and lodging for over 300 resident
  students

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Agriculture Emergency Response Training Course
(AgERT)

• Basic AgERT Broad-based Training
• 4-day course, with full-scale practical exercises
  performed on the last day in a farm setting.
• Target Audience
• USDA-APHIS personnel who could serve as
  responders during an animal or plant disease or
  pest control emergency (i.e., VS, PPQ, WS, AC,
  IS, BRS).
• State and local Ag emergency response personnel
  and traditional emergency responders.
• Private veterinary practitioners, veterinary
  medical students and university staff, tribal
  communities, etc.

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Basic AgERT Course Modules

• Introduction to Agroterrorism and Response
• CBRNE Hazards
• Epidemiology
• Zoonotic Diseases
• Foreign Animal Diseases
• Response Actions

• Animal Restraint and Euthanasia
• Animal Carcass Disposal
• Personal Protective Equipment
• Decontamination
• Survey Monitoring/Crime Scene Preservation
• AgERT Practical Exercise

11/4/04
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AgERT Goals and Objectives

• Provide a network of well trained and prepared
  emergency responders with hands-on practical
  experience
• Provide opportunity for APHIS emergency
  responders to learn, practice, and sharpen skills
  alongside other emergency responders, both
  traditional and non-traditional
• Teach APHIS emergency responders how to think
  out of the box and work within the NIMS/ICS
  framework
• Increase awareness and confidence by individuals
  to perform under stressful situations

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Other Federal Departments and Agencies Involved
in the AgERT Initiative (partial list)

• Environmental Protection Agency
• Food Safety and Inspection Service
• Agricultural Research Service
• Natural Resources Conservation Service
• Farm Service Agency
• Canadian Food and Inspection Agency
• APHIS Native American Working Group

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• Lung
• Liver
• Muscle
• Rumen Content

• Blood Samples

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• Foreign Animal Disease Courses

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See you at Plum Island!
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Smith-Kilborne Program

• The Smith-Kilborne Program is designed to
  acquaint veterinary students with various foreign
  animal diseases which potentially threaten our
  domestic animal population.
• The program includes both classroom presentations
  on diseases and their implications combined with
  laboratory experiences.

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Course Objectives

• Describe why FADs pose a major threat
• Define the structure of international animal
  health and how various organizations in animal
  and public health are related
• Describe the processes used to prevent the
  introduction and to control FADs
• Describe the role of veterinarians in the
  prevention and control of FADs
• Describe how the ICS would be used in an event
  involving agricultural animal disease

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Modern Educational Facilities
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(No Transcript)
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Faculty Recess Period
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Smith-Kilborne, Participant RosterMay 30 June
6, 2006

• Michaela BeasleyMississippi State University
• Melissa BourgeoisUniversity of Florida
• Andrew S. BowmanThe Ohio State University
• Anna Lea BrueningUniversity of Missouri
• Janine M. CalabroTufts University
• Nina R. E. CloudTuskegee University
• Jonathan DohanichVA-MD Regional College of Vet
  Med
• Jessica EnesLouisiana State University
• James L. EverettThe University of Tennessee
• Owen FinkUniversity of Georgia

• Kate FreemanNorth Carolina State University
• Annika KessiOregon State University
• Lee Ann LyonsUniversity of Illinois
• Melissa LowmanMichigan State University
• Melissa Maurer-FordUniversity of WI-Madison
• Whitney MillerColorado State University
• Katherine MurphyCornell University
• Teresa NegusIowa State University
• Maurice PiteskyUniversity of California, Davis

• Deanna ReiberOklahoma State University
• Jared SareWashington State University
• Stacie SeymourUniversity of Minnesota
• Danielle ShafferWestern University of Health
  Sciences
• Lynne StatlerPurdue University
• Bridget SupakTexas AM University
• LeAndra A. ThompsonUniversity of Pennsylvania
• Beth TynanAuburn University
• L. Curt VogelKansas State University

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Foreign Animal Disease Practitioner Course
(FADP)

• Increase the availability of foreign animal
  disease training to state and federal
  veterinarians
• Increase the availability of training to agency
  personnel who would never have the opportunity to
  attend the Foreign Animal Disease Diagnostician
  Course at Plum Island

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FADP Target Audience

• State and federal field veterinarians that have
  not had any Foreign Animal Disease (FAD) training
  at Plum Island
• FSIS personnel
• Previously Trained FADDs refresher course

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FADP Delivery Method

• FADP course runs in conjunction with first week
  of the FAD course
• Broadcast presentations via videoconferencing to
  remote site
• Live presenters at each site
• Subject matter experts at each site
• Clinical Round videos of progression of
  inoculated animals at Plum Island

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(No Transcript)
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FADP Afternoon Sessions

• Tuesday
• Chicken blood collection, sampling and necropsy
• Bovine bleeding, probang
• Wednesday
• Brain removal
• Pig restraint techniques, blood collection,
  tonsil scraping and necropsy

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(No Transcript)
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FADP Afternoon Sessions

• Thursday
• Sheep restraint, jugular vein blood collection
• Brain smear, collection of tonsil and collection
  of retropharyngeal lymph nodes
• Necropsies
• Friday
• Case scenario involving field investigations

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FADP Statistics - 2006
January Ames, IA and Riverdale, MD 18 APHIS 8
State March Ames, IA Riverdale, MD
Raleigh, NC 26 APHIS 18 State 1 DHS June
Ames, IA Riverdale, MD Ft. Collins, CO 25
APHIS 18 State TOTAL 114
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Sites - 2007

• January 22th February 2th
• Riverdale, MD (University of Maryland)
• March 19th 30th
• Ames, IA , Riverdale, MD
• June 4th 15th
• Ames, IA, Riverdale, MD Ft. Collins (Colorado
  State University)

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University of TennesseeForeign Animal and
Emerging Diseases Course

• Purpose
• Provides opportunity for veterinarians,
  veterinary technicians and Extension agents to
  learn about foreign animal disease outbreak
  response .
• Concerns over the potential threat of
  agroterrorism in the United States make this
  course especially timely.
• Target audience veterinarians in private
  practice, academia, industry and government
• Location
• Presented by the University of Wisconsin School
  of Veterinary Medicine in collaboration with the
  USDA-Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service

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Wisconsin 4th Biennial FAD Meeting 2006

• Purpose
• Brings together experts from around the world to
  present an in-depth discussion of the
  recognition, diagnosis and control of foreign
  animal diseases that threaten livestock in the
  United States and the rest of the Americas
• Location
• Presented by the University of Wisconsin School
  of Veterinary Medicine in collaboration with the
  USDA-Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service

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Veterinary Accreditation

• The goal of the NVAP is to maintain the effective
  cooperation and utilization of private veterinary
  practitioners for regulatory work in a manner
  that is consistent with international trade
  requirements and safeguarding animal health.
• This voluntary program certifies private
  veterinary practitioners to work cooperatively
  with Federal veterinarians and State animal
  health officials.
• Producers that export animals rely on the
  expertise of accredited veterinarians to help
  ensure that exported animals will not introduce
  diseases into another State or country.
• There are currently 60,000 active accredited
  veterinarians in the national database.

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Veterinary Accreditation

• Federal animal health laws, regulations, and
  rules
• Interstate movement requirements for animals
• Import and export requirements for animals
• USDA animal disease eradication and control
  programs
• Laboratory support in confirming disease
  diagnoses
• Ethical and professional responsibilities of an
  accredited veterinarian
• Foreign animal disease awareness
• Animal health emergency management and
• Animal health procedures, issues, and information
  resources relevant to the State in which the
  veterinarian wishes to perform accredited duties.

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National Animal Health Emergency Response Corps
(NAHERC)

• Developing Surge Capacity
• Counterpart of State Veterinary Reserves
• Activated by State request thru FEMA in Natural
  Disaster
• Activated by USDA in Animal Disease Outbreak
• Developing nationwide, multi-agency,
  multi-discipline

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VS Professional Development Staff