Horizontal Wells Applications in Mature Production Areas

1
Horizontal Wells - Applications in Mature
Production Areas A Kansas Field
Demonstration by Saibal BhattacharyaRichard
PancakePaul Gerlach
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Outline

• Tools for identifying candidate applications
• Production data analysis
• Geologic mapping
• Integration of production and geologic data
• Field level volumetrics
• Lease level volumetrics
• Field demonstration - horizontal infill well
• Reservoir characterization and Simulation
• Details of well work

3
Identifying candidate applicationsProduction
data - oil cut changes

• Heterogeneity
• Vertical K
• Compartments
• Poor sweep
• Residual reserves

Schaben Field Ness County, Kansas
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Identifying candidate applicationsProduction
data - IP Cumulative data
Welch-Bornholdt-Wherry Field, Rice County,
Kansas Producing Formation Mississippian
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Identifying candidate applicationsPrimary
Infill Production data
Aldrich Field, Ness County, Kansas Discovered
1929 Producing Formation Mississippian
Cum Prod 1,044 MSTB 15 wells - 40 acre Primary
production 70 MSTB/well
8 Vertical Infill Wells
Infill Well
Original Well
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Identifying candidate applicationsPrimary
Infill Production data
Excessive Spacing and Inadequate Drainage
8 Vertical Infill Wells Additional Production
553 MSTB Approx 70 MSTB / Infill well
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Identifying candidate applicationsGeologic
mapping - structure derivative
Fold Induced Fractures
Welch-Bornholdt-Wherry Field, Rice County, Kansas
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Identifying candidate applicationsGeologic
mapping - structure derivative
Axis of Anticlinal Attic
Hollow-Nikkel Field, Harvey County, Kansas
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Identifying candidate applicationsIntegrating
Production Geologic data
Poor Sweep - Vertical Wells in Updip
Stratigraphic Trap
Welch-Bornholdt- Wherry Field Rice County, Kansas
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Identifying candidate applicationsField level
volumetrics - OOIP/Qtr section
Welch-Bornholdt-Wherry Fields Discovered
1924 Producing Reservoir Mississippian
Osage Trap Type Stratigraphic Cumulative
Production 60 MMBO Original Oil in Place per
Quarter Section CI 500 MBO / qtr. section
Using data from one type well per 1/4 section
10 MMBO
5 MMBO
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Identifying candidate applicationsField level
volumetrics - Rec. Eff/Qtr section
Recovery Efficiency per Quarter Section CI 2
Welch-Bornholdt-Wherry Fields
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2
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Identifying candidate applicationsLease Level
Volumetrics - Recovery factors
Hodgeman County, Kansas Mississippian
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Identifying candidate applicationsLease Level
Volumetrics - Recovery factors
Horizontal Well Application in a Lease with Low
Recovery Efficiency
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Outline

• Tools for identifying candidate applications
• Field demonstration - horizontal infill well
• Reservoir characterization Simulation
• Geologic model
• Reservoir model
• Engineering analysis
• Reservoir simulation
• History match
• Map residual reserves
• Performance prediction
• Details of well work

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Reservoir CharacterizationGeologic Model
Geologic model log (Gr, Res), core, production,
DST data Maps cross-sections of Mississippian
sub-units 5 layered reservoir model
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Reservoir CharacterizationReservoir Model
Identification of dominant lithofacies - core
studies LP1, LP2, LP3 - moldic pack-wackestone
HP1 HP2 - moldic packstone Layer porosity -
lower of that calculated from phi-K correlation,
and the highest value measured on plugs with same
dominant lithofacies
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Reservoir Characterization - Storativity
Layer LP3
Layer LP2
Layer LP1
Layer HP2
Layer HP1
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Engineering AnalysisProduction History
Reconstruction
Lease production - allocated to wells Water
production approximated when data unavailable
-Ummel 2
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Engineering AnalysisReservoir Simulation -
History Match
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Reservoir SimulationMapping Residual Potential
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Performance PredictionPerformance Prediction -
Infill
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Outline

• Tools for identifying candidate applications
• Field demonstration - horizontal infill well
• Reservoir characterization and simulation
• Details of well work
• Original Plugged Wellbore
• Drill Out Cement Plugs Set CIBP
• Set Whipstock Mill Casing
• Drill Build Section
• Drill Lateral Section
• Set Liner
• Final Completion
• Coiled Tubing Workover

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Original Plugged Well
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Set Whipstock - Mill Casing
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Running whipstock and starting mill
Starting mill
Shear bolt
Whipstock
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Drill Build Section
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Drill Lateral Section
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Directional Drilling Assembly
Motor angle
Drill bit screws here
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Installing MWD Tool
Pulpit transmits readings to surface by
generating pressure pulses
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Directional Drilling Trailer
MWD computers
MWD workbench
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Reservoir Heterogeneity

• Strong Horizontal Heterogeneity
• 10 - 100 Interval
• Karst Controlled
• Result Poor Lateral Drainage

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Final Completion
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Breakdown of Rig Time

• Approximate of
• Work Performed Rig Hours Total
• Drilling out cmt setting CIBP 82.0 23.5
• Setting whipstock milling csg 84.5 24.2
• Drilling build section 120.0 34.4
• (actual drilling time) (27.8) (8.0)
• Drilling lateral section 52.0 14.9
• (actual drilling time) (32.8) (9.4)
• Setting liner through the curve 10.0 2.9
• Total 348.5 100

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Drilling Completion Costs

• Intangible Drilling Costs 317,497
• Intangible Completion Costs 32,422
• Equipment 44,765
• Total 394,684
• DOE Reimbursement 116,776
• Net Cost to Mull Drilling Co. 277,908

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Initial Production

• IP 85 BOPD 54 BWPD (4/29/00)
• Daily Prod
• 55 BO 50 BW
• for 2-1/2 months (May to mid-July)
• with 1000 of fluid over pump

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Initial Production Problems
July 31st production 18 BOPD 32 BWPD, pumped
off
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Complete Production Loss
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Workover Operations
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Halliburton coiled tubing and nitrogen foam
equipment
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Weatherford 2.6 mill and mud motor
Mud motor
2.6 mill
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Testing 1-1/2 jetting nozzle
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Workover Operations
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Lessons Learned

• Operational Flexibility (Maintain Your Options)
• New Well vs. Reentry
• Hole Size
• Drilling Fluids
• Case off the Curve
• Line the Lateral
• Good Planning
• Communication
• The Lateral is a Piece of Cake
• Horizontal Heterogeneity

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Applying What We Learned

• Horizontal Well Supported Reservoir
  Characterization
• Mechanical Failure Made Horizontal Well
  Uneconomic
• Application of Reservoir Characterization
  Resulted in Extremely Successful Workover in the
  Field