Title: Dr Yunas Samad University of Bradford
1MUSLIM COMMUNITY COHESION BRADFORD REPORT
- Dr Yunas SamadUniversity of Bradford
2Background
- From Multiculturalism to Community Cohesion
- Brixton Riots
- Scarman Report
- Multiculturalism
- Bradford, Burnley and Oldham Riots 2001
- Cantle Report
- Ousley Report
- Parallel lives
- Community Cohesion
-
3Background
- Debate
- Ludi Simpson and Debra Philips
-
- Charles Husband and Yunis Alam
- Segregation in schools
- Polemical material
- Segregation to terrorism
4Background
- Community cohesion
- Shared sense of belonging, rights and
responsibilities - Diversity positively valued
- Similar life chances
- Positive relationships between people from
different backgrounds - Trust in fairness of institutions
- Integration of new arrivals and established
residents - Socio-economic indicators
- Patterns of participation
- Sense of belonging
- Learn English
5Research questions
- What are the multiple factors, which contribute
to or undermine community cohesion in areas where
there are established Muslim communities and into
which Muslim migrants have recently arrived?
6The city of Bradford showing the two wards
7Detail Map of Little Horton and Bowling and
Bakerend
8(No Transcript)
9Main reason left country of origin by sex and
category of interviewee
10Economic Condition
11Neighborhood
- Our own people living here, this is no different
from living in Pakistan (New Muslim Male
Migrant) - Nice people, nice neighbour, friendly and help
if in need. English neighbours are very good too.
Schools are very close, mosques are very close
also (New Muslim Male Migrant) - They are really good, talk to me, hi and bi
(Established Muslim Woman)
12Housing Patterns
13Neighbourhood Composition
14Ethnic/religious background of employer
15Percentages of interviewees meeting people of
same/different ethnicity and religion by type of
meeting space
16Average number of meeting spaces by category of
people met
17Political and Civic Involvement
18Government should limit free speech
19Cultural Capital
- In terms of social capital among Muslims the
overall trend appears to be a slide from bonding
capital to bridging capital. - The best people that help me were the CAB. In
my community . you have the advice centre within
the Asian community but they are not highly
educated but they are not fluent in your first
language, which is English (Established Muslim,
Man)
20Equal opportunities and discrimination
- I think quite a lot of Islamophobia, and you
know, racism stuff that is happening, especially
in the media nowadays. I mean everything seems
to be targeted at Muslims.... since 9/11
(Established Muslim Woman)
21Issues
- Drugs, shootings, car theft, break-ins.... that
sort of thing (Established Muslim, Man) - I don't think our involvement/destruction of
Iraq was justifiable both ethically and both
principally (UK born non- Muslim)
22. Community and Belonging
- I think it's a generally a fair society.... you
can get on with your living.... on the whole it
is a peaceful country (Established Muslim, Man) -
- Freedom, benefits help and advice, NHS very
good. Help the poor and all, protect people
(Established Muslim, Woman) - If you lived in Pakistan right now, what do they
give you? You get nothing. Here you get
everything (Established Muslim, Man)
23Education
- No happy about education .... because of drugs
and stuff like that on the streets (Established
Muslim Man) - Lack of discipline, lack of respect
(Established Muslim Man)
24Transnationalism
- Remittances
- Travel back home
- Media
- Property/business
- Politics
25Belonging
- Yes, I do because my children are born here.
They can't live in Pakistan. I say my country is
Pakistan, they say our country is Britain because
we are born here (Established Muslim Woman) - Now I belong to this country. We go to Pakistan
for holidays only (Established Muslim Man) - No, this is the only country I like more
(Established Muslim Man)
26Policy Issues
- White working class excluded from community
cohesion. This is the crucial group that needs
to be targeted. - Myth that Muslims are receiving preferential
treatment in urban regeneration.
27Policy Issues
- Housing,
-
- Don't sell your house to a Paki.
- White flight
-
- Education
- Specifically Muslims are failing in schools and
schools are failing them, - Constructing Mixed schools
28Media presentation of Bradford
- Whites 'must do more to help Muslims feel at
home' says research group (Daily Mail headline
covering the Report)
29Conclusion
- No parallel lives the issue is of class
- On a range of questions. Established Muslims
close to white norm on community belonging, on
education, marriage, local and national issue. - Transnationalism is not significant amongst
established Muslims. - Hard questions for policy makers about education,
housing and the media.