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Dr Yunas Samad University of Bradford

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Title: Dr Yunas Samad University of Bradford


1
MUSLIM COMMUNITY COHESION BRADFORD REPORT
  • Dr Yunas SamadUniversity of Bradford

2
Background
  • From Multiculturalism to Community Cohesion
  • Brixton Riots
  • Scarman Report
  • Multiculturalism
  • Bradford, Burnley and Oldham Riots 2001
  • Cantle Report
  • Ousley Report
  • Parallel lives
  • Community Cohesion

3
Background
  • Debate
  • Ludi Simpson and Debra Philips
  • Charles Husband and Yunis Alam
  • Segregation in schools
  • Polemical material
  • Segregation to terrorism

4
Background
  • Community cohesion
  • Shared sense of belonging, rights and
    responsibilities
  • Diversity positively valued
  • Similar life chances
  • Positive relationships between people from
    different backgrounds
  • Trust in fairness of institutions
  • Integration of new arrivals and established
    residents
  • Socio-economic indicators
  • Patterns of participation
  • Sense of belonging
  • Learn English

5
Research questions
  • What are the multiple factors, which contribute
    to or undermine community cohesion in areas where
    there are established Muslim communities and into
    which Muslim migrants have recently arrived?

6
The city of Bradford showing the two wards
7
Detail Map of Little Horton and Bowling and
Bakerend
8
(No Transcript)
9
Main reason left country of origin by sex and
category of interviewee
10
Economic Condition

11
Neighborhood
  • Our own people living here, this is no different
    from living in Pakistan (New Muslim Male
    Migrant)
  • Nice people, nice neighbour, friendly and help
    if in need. English neighbours are very good too.
    Schools are very close, mosques are very close
    also (New Muslim Male Migrant)
  • They are really good, talk to me, hi and bi
    (Established Muslim Woman)

12
Housing Patterns
13
Neighbourhood Composition
14
Ethnic/religious background of employer
15
Percentages of interviewees meeting people of
same/different ethnicity and religion by type of
meeting space
16
Average number of meeting spaces by category of
people met
17
Political and Civic Involvement
18
Government should limit free speech
19
Cultural Capital
  • In terms of social capital among Muslims the
    overall trend appears to be a slide from bonding
    capital to bridging capital.
  • The best people that help me were the CAB. In
    my community . you have the advice centre within
    the Asian community but they are not highly
    educated but they are not fluent in your first
    language, which is English (Established Muslim,
    Man)

20
Equal opportunities and discrimination
  • I think quite a lot of Islamophobia, and you
    know, racism stuff that is happening, especially
    in the media nowadays. I mean everything seems
    to be targeted at Muslims.... since 9/11
    (Established Muslim Woman)

21
Issues
  • Drugs, shootings, car theft, break-ins.... that
    sort of thing (Established Muslim, Man)
  • I don't think our involvement/destruction of
    Iraq was justifiable both ethically and both
    principally (UK born non- Muslim)

22
. Community and Belonging
  • I think it's a generally a fair society.... you
    can get on with your living.... on the whole it
    is a peaceful country (Established Muslim, Man)
  •  
  • Freedom, benefits help and advice, NHS very
    good. Help the poor and all, protect people
    (Established Muslim, Woman)
  • If you lived in Pakistan right now, what do they
    give you? You get nothing. Here you get
    everything (Established Muslim, Man)

23
Education
  • No happy about education .... because of drugs
    and stuff like that on the streets (Established
    Muslim Man)
  • Lack of discipline, lack of respect
    (Established Muslim Man)

24
Transnationalism
  • Remittances
  • Travel back home
  • Media
  • Property/business
  • Politics

25
Belonging
  • Yes, I do because my children are born here.
    They can't live in Pakistan. I say my country is
    Pakistan, they say our country is Britain because
    we are born here (Established Muslim Woman)
  • Now I belong to this country. We go to Pakistan
    for holidays only (Established Muslim Man)
  • No, this is the only country I like more
    (Established Muslim Man)

26
Policy Issues
  • White working class excluded from community
    cohesion. This is the crucial group that needs
    to be targeted.
  • Myth that Muslims are receiving preferential
    treatment in urban regeneration.

27
Policy Issues
  • Housing,
  • Don't sell your house to a Paki.
  • White flight
  • Education
  • Specifically Muslims are failing in schools and
    schools are failing them,
  • Constructing Mixed schools

28
Media presentation of Bradford
  • Whites 'must do more to help Muslims feel at
    home' says research group (Daily Mail headline
    covering the Report)

29
Conclusion
  • No parallel lives the issue is of class
  • On a range of questions. Established Muslims
    close to white norm on community belonging, on
    education, marriage, local and national issue.
  • Transnationalism is not significant amongst
    established Muslims.
  • Hard questions for policy makers about education,
    housing and the media.
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