Buddhism

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Buddhism
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Siddhartha Gautama

• Founder of Buddhism
• Born into a noble family
• According to a prophesy if, as a baby, he was
  protected from seeing FOUR siteshe would become
  a great ruler.
• His father kept the boy isolated in the hopes
  that he would become a world ruler.

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The Four Sites

• Old Man
• Sick Man
• Dead Man
• Poor Man
• At age 29, Siddhartha ventured outside of his
  palace and saw the four signs. He then decided
  to dedicate the rest of his life to end
  suffering.
• He wandered through the forests of India
  searching for Enlightenment or wisdom.

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Four Noble Truths
1 Everything in life is suffering and sorrow
everyone suffers. 2 Suffering is caused by our
desires for pleasures in the world. 3 You can
get rid of suffering by getting rid of your
desires. 4 You get rid of your desires by
following the Eightfold Path
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The Eightfold Path
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y
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Nirvana

• By following the Eightfold Path, anyone can reach
  Nirvana.
• Nirvana release from suffering and pain and
  freedom from reincarnation.
• Buddhism and Hinduism share similarities but
  differ in that Hinduism worships thousands of
  gods, while Buddhism seeks Enlightenment apart
  from god worship.

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The Spread of Buddhism

• Buddhism began in India among the Aryans
• Monks and nuns made vows to follow the Eightfold
  Path and spread the principles of Buddhism
• After Buddhas death, the religion spread
  throughout Asia including China, Korean and
  Japan.
• Buddhism was spread through trade

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The Phoenicians

• Most powerful sea traders in the Mediterranean
  around 1100 BC
• Remarkable shipbuilders and seafarers
• Set up trading posts and traded wine, weapons,
  metals, ivory, slaves. Also made wood, metal and
  glass objects
• Last Legacy The creation of the alphabet. Where
  we get the word Phonetic from.

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Ancient Carthage

• Major trading port located in Africa

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The Hebrews

• First people in the ancient world to believe in
  ONE god MONOTHEISM
• All other people and religions of the day were
  POLYTHEISTIC believed in many gods.

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Abraham

• Father of the Jewish people
• Told by Yahweh (GOD) to leave your land for the
  land I will show you.
• His homeland at the time was Mesopotamia.
• Yahweh made a covenant (promise) to protect
  Abraham and his descendants.

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Abraham
Isaac
Jacob
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Fleeing the Promise LandThe History Behind the
Movie

• Abraham followed Gods leading from UR
  (Mesopotamia) to Canaan (Israel).
• After a famine the Israelites fled the promise
  land and went to Egypt in search of food and a
  better life.
• The Israelites were held in Egypt as slaves by
  the Pharaoh of Egypt Ramses
• Finally Yahweh sent a deliver to lead them out
  of slavery and back to the promise land. His
  name was MOSES
• Moses led the Exodus out of Egypt or DEPARTURE

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The Exodus Moses led the Israelites out of Egypt
proclaiming Let my people go!
Moses was an Israelite baby placed in a basket to
save his life from the Egyptian decree that all
first born slave children should be killed. He
was found and raised as an Egyptian prince.
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AS you watch the movie find 10 icons about
Moses that you will use later to create a history
head
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History Head after the movie
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JERUSALEM CITY OF DAVID

• DAVID From 1020 922 BC The Hebrews united
  under three kings Saul, David and Solomon.
• The new kingdom was called ISRAEL.
• David was Sauls son-in-law
• David was very popular for uniting the tribes,
  establishing Jerusalem as the capital and
  founding a dynasty.

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SOLOMON

• Solomon was the powerful of all the Hebrew kings.
  He built a trading empire and beautified the
  capital city of Jerusalem.
• His most crowing achievement was the Temple he
  built for worshipping Yahweh.

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KING SOLOMONS TEMPLE

• Made of precious gems,
• Bronze pillars
• Stone outside with inner walls made of cedar and
  covered in gold.

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TORAH

• Holy book for Judaism made up of the first five
  books of the Old Testament of the Bible (
  Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers and
  Deuteronomy).

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TEN COMMANDMENTS

• Laws given to Moses by God after the Israelites
  were freed from Egypt.
• EXILE To be forced from your homeland
• (Babylonians exiled the Israelites to Babylon in
  Mesopotamia).
• DIASPORA Scattered to find another place to
  live.
• (When the Persians attacked the Babylon, King
  Cyrus allowed the Jews to return to their
  homeland, many went to other lands instead.)

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The Persians Conquerors

• Cyrus 550 BC began to conquer several
  neighboring kingdoms. Eventually the Persians
  controlled from the Indus River to Anatolia.
• Cyrus allowed the Jews who had been exiled by the
  Babylonians to return to Jerusalem in 538 BC.

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Cambyses

• Son of Cyrus Did not follow his fathers
  example. Ruled Persia for 8 years, afterwards
  many riots broke out and the Persians began
  losing control!

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Darius

• With the help of the Ten-Thousand Immortals
  (soldiers) Darius seized the Persian throne in
  522-521 BC. After he regained control he began
  to organize the Empire. He conquered more land
  to create an empire that included 2,500 miles of
  land. His only failure was not being able to
  conquer Greece. Darius organized the empire into
  provinces with governors called satraps.

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Royal Road

• Elaborate road system created by Darius to unite
  the Persian Empire. 1,677 miles long.

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Zoroastrianism

• Persian religion based on good and evil forces
• Zoroaster Persian prophet and religious reformer
  who tried to solve the problem of suffering and
  chaos in the world.

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Ahura Mazda

• Leader of the good force god of light and truth

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Ahriman

• Leader of the bad force god of darkness
• Zoroaster taught that which ever god you chose
  determined your fate!

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China and Confucianism

• Classical China Ruled by Qin Shi Haungdi as an
  autocracy (meaning a government in which the
  ruler has unlimited power and uses it any way he
  wants.
• Qin Shi Haungdi Built the earliest unified wall
  in China to protect China from invaders Great
  Wall of China

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The Great Wall

• Hundreds of peasants collected and hauled
  millions of tons of stone, dirt, and rubble to
  fill the core of the Great Wall. Many who died
  working on the wall were buried in the core. The
  Great Wall which is 1,400 miles in length and
  20-25 ft. high is visible from space!

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Silk Road

• Trade route were traders made fortunes carrying
  Chinese silk to the West. Silk was valued in the
  ancient world because it was strong, lightweight,
  and beautiful.
• The Silk Road encouraged cultural diffusion and
  global interaction.

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Confucius

• Confucius lived during the time of the Zhou
  Dynasty. He led a scholarly life of studying and
  teaching history, music and moral character.
• During his lifetime, China was being torn apart
  by wars. He taught that social order and harmony
  could be restored in China.

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Confucianism

• Stressed the importance of family and belief that
  children should practice filial piety or a
  respect for their parents and elders.
• Followed the writings of Confucius called the
  Analects.

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Taoism

• A Chinese philosophy started by Laozi a Chinese
  thinker.
• In his book Dao De Ching or the Way of Virtue,
  Laozi explains that a universal force called the
  Dao or the way drives all things.
• One should seek order and harmony in nature.

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Yin and Yang

• \The circle represents the harmony of the yin
  earth, female, passive and the yang heaven,
  male, active.
• These two powers were thought to represent the
  natural rhythms of life. When they were in
  harmony, life was peaceful. Pain is caused by
  an imbalance in the forces of the yin and yang.