Title: Improving mobility and European Tourism competitiveness Emerging tourist needs and measures to increase tourism competitiveness
1- Improving mobility and European Tourism
competitiveness Emerging tourist needs and
measures to increase tourism competitiveness
Paola Cossu - FIT Consulting
2How to evaluate the impact of tourism development
in mobility? And how to weigth tourism in
mobility development?
Transport networks in 1960 and in 2005 in France
3Needs and perspectives in tourism are changing
we need to look for innovative tools
4Some definitions to harmonise
- Definition of tourism in literature
- Visitor any person traveling, for less than a
specified amount of time, to a place other than
that of his usual environment and the main
purpose of whose visit is other than the exercise
of an activity remunerated from within the place
visited. - Travel to a place other than that of ones usual
environment, the main purpose of which is other
than the exercise of an activity remunerated from
within the place visited (minimum distance/travel
time). Includes holiday travel, VFR (visits to
friends and/or relations), travel for other
personal reasons, all types of business travel - Excursionist a visitor who does not spend the
night at the places visited - Long holiday trip of a minimum 4 nights away
from home - Short break leisure trip of 1-3 nights long
5Which emerging barriers
- Research in the tourism is mainly focused on
supply side more attention to demand especially
on tourist behaviour and needs should be given - Transport and tourism are two complex sectors and
measured with different units transport deals
with distances (number of km) while tourism deals
with number of nights and number of trips - Actually one factors for choosing a destination
can be the low travel price rather than the low
CO2 level of the transport modes used for the
travel. Furthermore modern tourists generally
choose in terms of comfort, safety, security,
accessibility even in terms of information,
autonomy. - The modal choice should be oriented in at policy
level (e.g. air-rail ticketing integration) the
intermodality concepts (mainly depending from the
attitude of the traveller- lifestyle), needs to
be accompanied by a more structured and effective
co-modal approach - Needs for common positions and shared approach to
the strategies and policies in tourism and
accessibility to destinations at EU level down to
local level the EC should act as support to
local authorities in giving orientation and
roadmaps towards an active approach to tourism
accessibility and support to local business
enterprises
6The CONCERTOUR roadmap and future scenarios
- Identification of European tourist segments
- Tourists mobility needs (e.g. service,
information, inter-modality) - Suggestions of how to integrate demand with
transport supply providing new tools for an
effective control of tourist flows (planning) - This means identify needs and transport
challenges for tourism according to segments
(e.g. Retired tourist), destinations (e.g.
Urban), and special occasions (e.g. Large events)
- Creation of a product market matrix
- Provide a set of possible transport concepts and
solutions according to tourist needs.
7The tourist segments (destinations and
occasions)
- Urban
- Mountain
- Beach and resort
- Rural and nature
- Roundtrip
- Second-home
- Events
- Theme parks
8The transport challenges
- Improve safety and security in passenger
transport (collective and individual) - Reduce congestion, traffic, seasonal/peak
overcrowding - Enhance inter-modality, transport access and
connections - Guarantee equal access for all (especially for
disabled and elderly tourists which are people
with reduced mobility) - Encourage alternative and more environmentally
friendly modes of transport promoting
sustainability concepts - Improve local public transport infrastructure and
services - Improve demand management measures (e.g. LTZ,
congestion charging) - Design or improve the existing walk/bicycle/ski
lanes and paths, and car/boat scenic routes/maps - Improve service areas and roadside accommodation
facilities with info kiosk - Better passenger transport information (pre and
on trip)
9Product and transport challenges
10Main challenges across tourism
- Reduce congestion, overcrowding manage seasonal
and peak hour traffic congestion - Improve safety and security
- Enhance inter-modality
- Equal access for all
- Better local public transport infrastructure
and/or services - Better use of alternative and more sustainable
modes of transport
11Challenges and scenarios
- Some emerging important questions
- How can we increase tourism flows - and at the
same time reduce congestion and seasonal
overcrowding? - How can we increase tourism flows - and at the
same time ensure tourism sustainability
(especially in the long run)? - How can we develop local transport dedicated to
tourism - and at the same time ensure
profitability for the transport service
providers? - How can we implement inter-modality across
different transport modes, different providers,
and across local and national borders? - How can we guarantee better accessibility for all
(for disabled, elderly, other special needs
groups)?
12Relevant transport concepts and solutions
- Aspects to be considered when proceeding to the
identification of relevant solutions - Co-modal solutions integration of infrastructure
networks and transport services - Information services pre, and during the trips
- Booking and payment systems
- Handling and tracking passengers and luggage
- Policy driven initiatives
- But always taken into account the challenge of
Sustainable Development Strategy (SDS) -
minimise global and local pollution and the
impact on the economic viability for the tourism
industry, the quality of life and fair access to
tourism
13background
- Emphasis should be placed on reducing the net
impact on climate change and car travel - Research support and regulation leading to
improvements in vehicles, aircrafts and fuel
technology and traffic management - Participation by the aviation sector in an EU
emissions trading systems encouraging
international airlines to participate in similar
systems - Promote carbon-offsetting schemes to travellers
with the support of operators. - The cooperation between tourism planners and
business should be a reality in order to promote
the modal shift towards the use of more
environmental friendly forms of transport for
tourism, those measures should encompass - Adjusting taxation and pricing reflected on
environmental costs - Actively and creatively promoting alternative
transport options - Investing in appropriate infrastructure and
services - Careful location of new tourism locations
- Adjusting target markets
- Encouraging fewer and longer holidays
- Promoting attractions and activities without the
use of motor vehicles
Through
14POLICY DRIVEN INITIATIVES
- Drivers
- Technology industry making research and
innovation is crucial to the competitiveness,
environmental and social agendas - Tourism can be understood as a final consumption
by households for holidays playing as
intermediate in the production of goods and
services contributing to the Lisbon Strategy
objectives (delivering stronger and lasting
growth and better jobs) - Enlargement of the EU and new emerging
destinations
- Barriers
- reducing the circulation of heavy bulk transport
and increasing importance of door-to-door and
just-in-time service undoubtedly contributed to
the strong sustained growth of road transport - Need for enhancing the dialogue and partnership
among tourism stakeholders - Encourage stakeholders towards sustainable
tourism promotion as well as in providing inputs
for the Agenda 21
15INTERMODALITY
- Barriers to overcome / minimise
- Lack of central independent structure or
organisation coordinating intermodality (long
distance) - Need for regulatory and legal framework
- Need for in depth research and investigation on
this topic
- Drivers
- Raise political awareness towards the importance
of intermodality - Existence of good examples of intermodality in
urban regions, airports, high speed trains
stations with high quality passenger information
ticketing and booking and payment systems
DG TREN Consulted entities opinion There should
be focus on air/rail integration, when rail
infrastructure already exists i.e. major
airports. The integration of other modes despite
the fact that could be easy, once that other
transport modes do not require reservation,
should be postponed in order that the consistency
of the service delivery may not be compatible
with target audience.
But for tourists the intermodality in destination
is a key issue
16BOOKING AND PAYMENT SYSTEM
- Drivers
- Better and easier way of travelling
- Increase tourism/travellers
- Best examples are available at regional or local
level - Good and available technologies to achieve the
intermodal ticketing - Real Market for public transport and key players
(mainly government and public operators) to push
the system introduction
- Barriers to overcome / minimise
- Lack of many transport environments for example,
air carriers, national railways, regional and
public transport operators, have different fare
policies as well as different subsidy models - Lack of agreement on a fair revenue sharing in
integrated systems, difficult to practically
monitor the complete movements of passengers - Use of highly developed technology concepts by
groups with people having reduced mobility
(elderly or disabled) - Unlike levels of security
DGTREN Consulted entities opinion Authorities
should stimulate the introduction of new
ticketing systems by providing Financial planning
stability to the operators until the new system
has reached a state where positive effects have
levelled out the
difficulties regarding revenues splitting,
investment costs should be supported by
authorities
17HANDLING AND TRACKING PASSENGERS AND LUGGAGE
- Drivers
- Enables the passenger to not register twice
- Convenience of not having to take care of luggage
during the journey - Obligation to check baggage and height weight
limits will lead to smaller spaces - Travellers needs are related with convenience,
flexibility, freedom, safety and economies of
time, autonomy - From Eurotracs 1997 and Krebs 2004, users are
willing to pay door-to-door service - Door-to-door baggage service
- Barriers
- Very substantial costs and the creation of new
standards between different modes of
transportation (rail-air) - Fear of not recovering the luggage at the end of
the travel - Problems from air transport should not be
transferred to rail industry - Integration of vendors and products can only be
done gradually. - Lack of co-operation among the operators
- Good accessibilities of stations and terminals
aligned with baggage supplied with wheels enable
travellers to transport themselves their luggage. - Timing to pick-up and delivery of baggage often
inappropriate. - not sufficient demand to justify the high
investments
DG TREN Consulted entities opinion Carrying
baggage from one mode to the other is a major
inconvenience and a forceful disincentive,
mainly to elderly, travellers with children,
impaired people and those with heavy luggage.
However intermodal baggage is not an important
topic.
But for tourists is a key issue!
18Thank you for your attention !Paola
Cossucossu_at_fitconsulting.it