International Tourism Environment Level 2 module

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International Tourism Environment Level 2 module

• David Bruce and Jeff Hurran
• 2003-2004 (Term 2)

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Term Programme Jan-Feb 04

• Environment, Perceptions Motivations and Ethics
• Impacts of Tourism
• Tourists and the environment The Natural
  World? Formative Assessment
• UK Planning System-the Regional Agenda

• 26 2701 T
• 3001 L
• 27 0302 T
• 0602 L
• 28 1002 T 1302 L

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Term Programme Jan-Feb 04

• 29 702 T
• 2002 L
• 30 2402 T 2702 L
• 31 0203
• 0303

• Environmental Planning and management of tourism
• Protected areas in the UK
• A Tourism Planning exercise
• Planning Appeals
• Field Trip preparation
• Field Trip to Bristol

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Impacts of Tourism

• What Tourism has impacts?
• How does Tourism impact?
• What impacts does tourism have?

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What Tourism has impacts?

• ALL
• Mass Tourism
• Cultural Tourism
• Ecotourism
• Other tourism

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How the tourism system impacts

• Inputs

• Outputs

The Tourism industry system
Influences of Society
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Environment with the tourism system

• Inputs
• Human resources
• Natural resources
• Government. Policy
• Consumer Expenditure
• Inward Investment

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Environment with the tourism system

• The Tourism industry system
• retailing subsystem
• Destination subsystem
• Transport subsystem

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Environment with the tourism system
OUTPUTS cultural change environmental
change environmental protection
pollution Economic Costs and Benefits Tourist
Satisfaction
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These outputs involve Impact

• Locally
• Regionally
• Globally

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Local Costs and Benefits / Tourism Multiplier
Exports
Imports
expenditure
Households
Firms
investment
saving
income
Taxes
Gov. Expend
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Local Costs and Benefits / Tourism Multiplier
Exports
Imports
expenditure
Households
Firms
investment
saving
income
Taxes
Gov. Expend
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Local Costs and Benefits / Tourism Multiplier
Exports
Imports
expenditure
Households
Firms
investment
saving
income
Taxes
Gov. Expend
REMEMBER
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Local Costs and Benefits / Tourism Multiplier
Outbound tourism
Inbound Tourism
expenditure
Households
Firms
investment
saving
income
Taxes
Gov. Expend

• The larger the local area up to region
• the greater the multiplier

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Global Tourism and World GDP Growth Background
Statistics
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The Greenhouse IndexFuture growth of air
traffic
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The Greenhouse Universal Index for Leisure
TourismG.U.I.L.T.

• 100 A Standard Holiday
• Key variables are
• DAYS ON HOLIDAY (for day trips 9 hr day
  assumed)
• TRANSPORT CARBON PER DAY PER PERSON
• Mode of transport
• Relative fuel efficiency
• AVERAGE ACCOMM and FOOD etc.
• (Life on Holiday usually 30 less efficient)

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The Greenhouse IndexGUILT

• WARNING
• RED twice as much as standard gt32 kg
• AMBER around standard 8gtlt32 kg
• GREEN about half standard ordinary home amount
  of Carbon lt 8 kg

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GUILT Index transport toolkit from META-
Planning Guidance pp49-56
standard
100
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Canaria flights

• Impacts?

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