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N204 Diverse Populations and Health Care

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Title: N204 Diverse Populations and Health Care


1
N204Diverse Populations and Health Care
2
Agenda 2/26/08
  • Paper presentation
  • Virginia 3 articles
  • Elisa 2 articles
  • Indira - 3 articles
  • Gracie ?
  • Next Week
  • Paper presentation
  • Rose - 2 articles
  • Gracie - ?
  • Transcultural Nursing Practice

3
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Diversity
  • Divertere in Latin
  • Being different or having differences
  • Diversity in nursing practice
  • Providing competent care to clients from
    different cultures, conducting research in
    multi-cultural settings, and implementing
    educational programs to diverse population

5
Human migration
  • 175 million migrants
  • Pull push factors
  • no job opportunities, unsafe work environment,
    lack of political stability, high workloads, or
    lack of economic remuneration
  • Misnomer need and demand
  • In US. 500,000 qualified nurses who are not
    active or employed
  • Misconception
  • Migration does not take place only from
    developing countries to industrialized nations.
  • Padilla, P. (April/May,2006). Nurse migration and
    the nursing shortage. Breakthrough to Nursing,
    IMPRINT, 18-22

6
International travel tourist
Resource Bremner, B. (April 23, 2007). Guiding
tourists to Asia. Businessweek, retrived October
20, 2007 from http// www.businessweek.com/globalb
iz/content/apr2007/gb20070423_942361.htm?chansear
ch
7
Medical tourism
  • Def combination of travel to a foreign country
    to receive medical treatment while taking
    advantage of local tourism opportunities
  • 1.3 million tourists per year seeking low-cost
    medical care abroad
  • One of the worlds fastest growing industries
    30 a year (4 billion dollars industry within
    next few years)

8
Transcultural Nursing- Leininger, 1997
  • Definition- A formal area of study and practice
    focused on comparative holistic culture care,
    health and illness patters of people with respect
    to differences and similarities in their cultural
    values, beliefs, and lifeways with the goal to
    provide culturally congruent, competent and
    compassionate care

9
Cultural needs
  • Equal access to treatment and care
  • Respect for cultural beliefs and practices
  • Leininger, (1995) Narayanasamy, (2003)
  • Religious beliefs, taboos, customs
  • Dietary, personal care needs, daily routines
  • Dying needs
  • Communication needs
  • Cultural safety needs,

10
Cultural needs (Contd)
  • Pain
  • Health practice
  • Time orientation
  • Space
  • Family

11
Equal access to treatment and care
  • Ethnicity
  • racial discrimination,
  • racial harassment and
  • oppression
  • Secondary problems
  • stress
  • psychological trauma

12
Communication needs
  • Barrier
  • Impede early detection
  • delay prompt treatment and care
  • Forms
  • Language
  • Non-verbal communication
  • Translation services
  • Interpreters
  • Family interpreters
  • Health condition acute illness crisis

13
Cultural safety needs
  • Engage clients as partners
  • Respect rapport -gt self-esteem
  • Cultural negotiation culture compromise

14
Transcultural Care Practice
  • Initiative
  • Enthusiasm
  • Commitment of individuals and groups
  • Strategic planning
  • Organization coordination of services
  • Funding
  • Education
  • Recruitment research

15
Giger-Davidhizar (2002) - Assessment Model
Communication
Culturally Unique Individual
Space
Biological Variations
Social Organization
Environmental Controls
Time
16
ACCESS Model Narayanasamy, 2002
  • Assessment
  • Communication
  • Culture negotiation and compromise
  • Establishing respect and rapport
  • Sensitivity
  • Safety

17
Campinha-Bacotes Cultural Competence Model
  • Cultural awareness
  • Cultural skill
  • Cultural knowledge
  • Cultural encounters
  • Cultural desire

18
Purnells Model
  • Macro level global society, community, family,
    individual, health
  • Cultural domains overview, communication,
    family roles, workforce issues, bioculturl
    ecology, high-risk behaviors, nutrition,
    pregnancy childbearing practices, death
    rituals, spirituality, health care
    practice/practitioners
  • Cultural consciousness
  • Unknown phenomenon

19
Culturally Competent Organization
  • US Census Bureau, 2000 total population
    281,421,906
  • Latio 35.5 million 12.1
  • African American 12.9
  • Asians 4.2 (60 is foreign
    born)
  • Multiracial 2.4
  • Ethnic minorities accounts for one fourth of the
    nations population
  • In 2020, it will be near to 40
  • 10 of RNs in the US are from racial/ethnic
    minority background (2000)

20
Organizational Diversity Competence
Model(Frusti, Niesen, Campion, 2003)
Drivers
measurements
Linkages
Commitment
Culture
21
Negotiation Process
  • Listen to the clients perspective
  • Teach from your knowledge in language
    appropriate for client family
  • Compare similarities differences, disagree but
    do not devalue clients view
  • Compromise
  • if client treatment not harmful, promote
  • If harmful, explain harm and suggest alternatives

22
Useful websites Internet http//www.
  • apna.org American psychiatric nurses
    association
  • sen.ca.gov California State Senate
  • cdc.gov Center of disease control
  • nami.org National alliance for the mentally ill
  • health.gov/healthypeople/document/ - healthy
    people 2010
  • library.sjsu.edu/staff/Peterson/Peterson.htm
  • For statistical data
  • Census.gov/main/cen2000.html
  • google.com/unclesam
  • firstgov.gov
  • factfinder.census.gov

23
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