Tripling the capacity of wireless communications using electromagnetic polarization MICHAEL R. ANDREWS, PARTHA P. MITRA, ROBERT DECARVALHO Nature 409, 316-318 (18 January 2001)

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Communications
All Optical Switching Fabrics
Tripole Antennae
Tripling the capacity of wireless communications
using electromagnetic polarizationMICHAEL R.
ANDREWS, PARTHA P. MITRA, ROBERT
DECARVALHONature 409, 316-318 (18 January 2001)
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I Photonic Communications -All Optical Switching
Fabrics -Hybrid Devices -Micro-Photonics -MEMS
Devices -Quantum Communications Question In
the last 5 years there has been 40B expended
on photonics. How do we profit from that? II
Wireless -Increasing Bandwidth of Networks -Self
Assembly Networks (Hyphos) -Personal Area
Networks / Wearables -Rural Communications
(Indore) -Submarine Communications -Satellite
Communications How do we deploy cheaply?
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http//liftoff.msfc.nasa.gov/realtime/JTrack/
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http//www.cybergeography.org/atlas/cables.html
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Aug. 2000 2.8 M subscribers
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Bell Photophone 1880
http//histv2.free.fr/bell/bell8.htm
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All Optical Switching
http//www.lightreading.com/document.asp?doc_id90
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http//www.lightreading.com/document.asp?siteligh
treadingdoc_id2254
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m - Photonics
http//jdj.mit.edu/photons/bends.html
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Bragg's Law nl 2d sinq (1)
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http//www.memgen.com/
http//www.memgen.com
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http//www.nanoopto.com/
http//www.nanoopto.com
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http//www.vislab.usyd.edu.au/education/sv3/2000/j
ean/theory.html
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MOEMS
http//www.sandia.gov/mems/micromachine/movies6.ht
ml
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http//www.memx.org/image_gallery.htm
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http//www.iridigm.com/
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http//www.siliconlight.com
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SEED - Self Electrooptic Effect Devices David
Miller, Bell Labs, Lucent
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      John Scott Russell and the solitary wave
1834 Over one hundred and fifty years ago, while
conducting experiments to determine the most
efficient design for canal boats, a young
Scottish engineer named John Scott Russell
(1808-1882) made a remarkable scientific
discovery. As he described it in his "Report on
Waves" (Report of the fourteenth meeting of the
British Association for the Advancement of
Science, York, September 1844 (London 1845), pp
311-390, Plates XLVII-LVII).I was observing
the motion of a boat which was rapidly drawn
along a narrow channel by a pair of horses, when
the boat suddenly stopped - not so the mass of
water in the channel which it had put in motion
it accumulated round the prow of the vessel in a
state of violent agitation, then suddenly leaving
it behind, rolled forward with great velocity,
assuming the form of a large solitary elevation,
a rounded, smooth and well-defined heap of water,
which continued its course along the channel
apparently without change of form or diminution
of speed. I followed it on horseback, and
overtook it still rolling on at a rate of some
eight or nine miles an hour, preserving its
original figure some thirty feet long and a foot
to a foot and a half in height. Its height
gradually diminished, and after a chase of one or
two miles I lost it in the windings of the
channel. Such, in the month of August 1834, was
my first chance interview with that singular and
beautiful phenomenon which I have called the Wave
of Translation''.
Solitons
http//www.ma.hw.ac.uk/solitons/
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FOR RELEASE THURSDAY, FEBRUARY 6, 1992 Bell Labs
researchers set new soliton transmission record
SAN JOSE, Calif. ATT Bell Laboratories
scientists have demonstrated error-free
transmission of solitons (light pulses that
maintain their shape over long distances) at 5
gigabits (billion bits) per second over 15,000
kilometers and at 10 gigabits over 11,000
kilometers. (See note below for information about
Bell Labs.) A research team led by physicist
Linn Mollenauer, of the Bell Labs Photonic
Circuits Research department, used time-division
multiplexing (interleaving bits of information
from one stream of data into the spaces of
another) to upgrade a 2.5-gigabit signal to 5
gigabits and then used wavelength-division
multiplexing (transmitting data on two
wavelengths, or colors, of light) to reach 10
gigabits. They used a recirculating loop of
fiber to transmit the signals. "A number of
technical issues need to be resolved before we'll
know when this technology might be deployed,"
said Peter Runge, head of Undersea Lightwave
System Implementation department, "but it's
exciting. The research team working on this
project has made an enormous contribution to
furthering lightwave communication technology."
Mollenauer and colleagues E. Lichtman and
Michael Neubelt, with George Harvey of the Test
and Diagnostics department and Bruce Nyman of the
Undersea Lightwave System Implementation
department, announced their results today in a
post-deadline paper presented here at the
Conference on Optical Fiber Communication. The
week-long conference, attended by some 5,000
scientists from around the world, is sponsored by
the Optical Society of America and the Lasers and
Electro-optics Society and Communications Society
of the Institute of Electrical and Electronic
Engineers.
http//www.onlab.ntt.co.jp/en/pt/soliton/
http//www.att.com/press/0292/920206.blb.html
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http//users.utu.fi/hietarin/dromions/nls1d.mpg
http//www.blueneptune.com/xmwang/javappl/soliton
Wv.html
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http//www.corvis.com/
All Optical Switching Fabrics
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http//www.solitoncomm.com/whatsolitonJ.htm
Algety, Solistis and PhotonEx
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Quantum Communications

• Quantum Teleportation
• Quantum Dense Coding
• Quantum Crypto

Bennet et.al. Phys. Rev. Lett. (1992) 69 2881).
http//www.uibk.ac.at/c/c7/c704/qo/photon/_qdc/
http//www.qubit.org/intros/comm/comm.html
http//www.cordis.lu/ist/fetqipc.htm
http//eve.physics.ox.ac.uk/NewWeb/Research/commun
ication/communication.html
http//www.ee.ucla.edu/quantum/kmvgs/spincoherent
.pdf
http//www.cs.bell-labs.com/who/rob/qcintro.pdf
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Wireless
Tripling the capacity of wireless communications
using electromagnetic polarizationMICHAEL R.
ANDREWS, PARTHA P. MITRA, ROBERT
DECARVALHONature 409, 316-318 (18 January 2001)
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Self Organizing Wireless Networks
http//www.media.mit.edu/pia/Research/Hyphos/
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http//www.ember.com/
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OTHER
Submarine Communications http//server5550.itd.nrl
.navy.mil/projects/SUBCOMM/
The ELF system, which became operational in 1989,
uses two transmitting antennas, one in Wisconsin
and one in Michigan. The two sites must operate
simultaneously to meet worldwide coverage
requirements. Each antenna looks like a power
line, mounted on wooden poles. The Wisconsin
antenna consists of two lines, each about 14
miles long. The Michigan antenna uses three
lines, two about 14 miles long and one about 28
miles long. Each site has a transmitter building
near the antenna. The transmitter facility in
Michigan uses about six acres of land and the one
in Wisconsin about two acres. The operating
frequency is 76 Hz.
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HIGH FREQUENCYACTIVE AURORAL RESEARCH PROGRAM
http//w3.nrl.navy.mil/projects/haarp/elfhrp.html
3.6 MW
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Personal Area Network
http//www.almaden.ibm.com/cs/user/pan/pan.html
2400-baud modem
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Ghandoot Project Indore, India
Photo J. Jacobson
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Photo J. Jacobson
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Photo J. Jacobson
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Photo J. Jacobson
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What Its All About . . .
Photo J. Jacobson