Khoisan%20Area%20Instruments

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Khoisan Area Instruments
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Khoisan Area

• Population Density

• Khoisan Area

(1979)
2001
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Instrument Categories

• Wind
• Horns, penny whistle
• String
• Cacoxe, Serankure, Musical bow
• Percussion
• bell, hungu, mukupela, puita, saxi, thumb piano,
  Ngoma, Sanza, singing

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Wind Khoisan Area

• Horns
• Vandumbu
• soft wood trumpet
• covered with
• matted fibres
• Mjemboerose
• antelope's horn with a
• resonator greased
• with beeswax

• Penny Whistle
• or tin flute is played in a local style with an
  unusual oblique positioning of the lips and
  tongue blowing over the end of the flute

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String Khoisan Area

• Cacoxe

• Serankure
• This is a monochord bowed trough zither. They
  would have originally been stringed with sinew,
  wire is now used, and have calabash or ostrich
  shell resonators

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String Khoisan Area

• Musical Bow
• A bow-shaped chordophone made of wood and
  string.

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Percussion Khoisan Area

• Bell
• Clochas, otherwise known as double-bells are one
  of the traditional instruments of Angola which
  were made by the musicians themselves.

• Hungu
• The Hungu, also known as the Mbulumbumba, can
  best be described as an ancestor to the Brazilian
  berimbau.
• A small stick is used to strike the string of
  the bow which vibrates and is amplified by a
  gourd held against the stomach.

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Percussion Khoisan Area

• Mukupela

• Puita
• Kwita, Mpwita (friction drum).
• The drum's membrane is pierced once or twice to
  allow a wooden rod or cord (made of horsehair) or
  leather thong to pass back and forth. The
  membrane vibrates and produces a sound which can
  be modulated by controlling the pressure.

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Percussion Khoisan Area

• Saxi
• Known commonly as maracas made from maboque with
  dry seeds (or glassbeads in recent times) that
  are placed inside via a few small holes. The
  Bavugu is based on the movement of compressed
  air. Three greased gourds are played using the
  hand over one of the holes, while the other is
  open and closed by pressing it against the thigh.
  It's used by the Kung people.

• Thumb Piano
• Kisanji. Thumb pianos are often played at
  significant occasions
• worship, funeral dirges
• (komba di tokwa),
• spiritual songs,
• the arrival of rain
• and so on. There
• are a variety of
• rhythms used in
• the music Kabetula
• Kilaphanga Kaduque
• semba (rebita)
• and makinu.

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Percussion Khoisan Area

• Ngoma
• Ngoma is the general name for drum in Bantu
  language. Its form is generally conical or
  cylindrical, and can be played as an individual
  instrument or in an ensemble - sometimes with
  more than 25 players. Also used in the KwaZulu
  area are Zion drums and Zulu Hide drums which are
  hand drums covered in kudu hide.

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Percussion Khoisan Area

• Sanza
• Sanza and mbira are the most widespread.
• Composed of a series of flexible tongues of
  uneven length, made of metal or bamboo, fixed to
  a wooden plate or trapezoid sound-box. The
  musician holds the instrument in both hands and
  uses the thumbs to pluck the slightly upturned
  free end of the lamellae.

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Percussion Khoisan Area

• Singing
• "Singing makes all the sad people happy because
  it is the voice of happiness". (Zulu saying)
• The singing styles of South Africa and the Zulu
  people are worthy of special mention. Like much
  of Africa, music is considered the "food of
  life. This enables the communication of emotions
  and situations which could not be made by
  talking.

Ladysmith Black Mambazo
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Khoisan Area

• Some fought in the field. I fought my battle
  singing.
• Miriam Makeba
• Mama Africa
• singer
• exiled 30 years

http//www.music.org.za/artists/makeba.htm
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Khoisan Area

• We sang, to build our spirit, to build our
  courage. I couldnt sing to save my life. But I
  would sing to save my country.
• Sifso Ntuli
• activist

http//www.amandla.com/heroes/index.php
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Khoisan Area

• Without music, our struggle would have been a
  great deal longer, a great deal bloodier, and
  perhaps not even succesful.
• Archbishop Desmond Tutu

http//www.tutu.org/