Towards an Explanatory Combinatorial Dictionary of Japanese

1
Towards an Explanatory Combinatorial Dictionary
of Japanese
Asialex'03, Tokyo, August 27, 2003

• Lexicography in the Meaning-Text Theory

François Lareau OLST (U. of Montreal) / Lattice
(U. Paris 7) francois.lareau_at_umontreal.ca
2
The architecture of an MTM
3
Paraphrasing
4
Levels of representation
5
Levels of representation
6
Levels of representation
Linear list of morphs or morphemes
7
Levels of representation
Classic phonological representation
8
Modules of an MTM
9
Correspondence rules
10
Wheres the lexicon?
11
The DiCo
Melcuk Polguère
12
The DiCo

• Identification
• Name of the entry
• ID number of the lexical unit

13
The DiCo

• Syntactics
• Part of speech
• Gender, nominal class, etc.
• Irregular behavior

14
The DiCo

• Semantics
• Semantic label of the LU
• Semantic actants
• Semantic labels of the actants
• Prepositions are there for intelligibility

15
The DiCo

• Government
• Mapping between semantic, deep syntactic and
  surface syntactic actants
• Governed prepositions, nominal cases, etc.

16
The DiCo

• Synonyms
• Exact and approximative synonyms
• Hyperonyms

17
The DiCo
LFs
18
The DiCo

• Examples
• Based on electronic corpora

19
Idioms USO vs. LIE

• wo iu, tuku, osieru say
  use telltell a
• makka na crimsonbaldfaced, outright
• miesuita transparentobvious

20
Idioms USO vs. LIE




21
Semantico-syntactic patterns
22
Semantico-syntactic patterns
23
Semantico-syntactic patterns
24
Semantico-syntactic patterns
f(lie) tell
f(x) y
Oper1
25
Oper1 definition
Oper1(x) y
26
Another example Magn
Magn(rain) heavy
Magn(uso) makka na lie
crimson
Magn(sekinin) omoi, zyudai na, zyuyô na, ôki
na responsibility heavy
important important big
27
The DiCo

• LFs
• Paradigmatic and syntagmatic functions
• Standard and non-standard functions
• Natural language version of LF names
• Government patterns of LF values
• Special conditions

28
A Japanese example USO

• S1 usotsuki (liar)
• Mult no katamari (pack of )
• Magn makka na (crimson)
• Ver mottomo rashii (which seems plausible)
• AntiVer miesuita (transparent)
• Oper1 wo iu (say), tsuku (use), oshieru
  (tell)
• Magnquant Oper1 happyaku wo naraberu (to
  align 800 s), no katamari wo naraberu (to
  align a pack of s)

29
Another example KANZYÔ

• Qual1 kanzi yasui (easy feeling)
• IncepPredPlus ga moeagaru ( flares up),
  takamaru ( rises)
• CausPredPlus wo kakitateru (to stir up )
• nonPerm1Manif wo kakusu (to hide )
• Perm1Fact0 ni makeru (to yield to)
• nonPerm1Fact0 wo osaeru (to control )
• Adv1 wo komete (charged with )

30
Conclusion

• An ECD is an essential component of a larger,
  fully formalized, linguistic model
• Lexical functions provide an elegant and
  efficient way of describing idiomatic expressions
• Such formal tools are especially useful for
  cross-linguistic applications (see Mangeot and
  Kuroda, tomorrow, 1115, room 2201)