Title: Ontology Maturing: a Collaborative Web 2.0 Approach to Ontology Engineering
1Ontology Maturinga Collaborative Web 2.0
Approach to Ontology Engineering
Simone Braun, Andreas Schmidt, Valentin
Zacharias, Gabor Nagypal, Andreas Walter
- FZI Research Center for Information Technologies
- Dept. Information Process Engineering
- Karlsruhe, GERMANY
- braunaschmidtzach,walter_at_fzi.de
nagypal_at_disy.net - http//www.fzi.de/ipe
Presented by Ilya Zaihrayeu at KnowDive seminar
on 28.05.2008
2Motivation
- Ontologies are shared understandings of a
particular domain - Two perspectives to ontology engineering exist
- Ontologies are developed by ontology engineering
experts - Expensive
- Ontologies express shared understanding of
experts, not users - Can still be error-prone if modeling experts are
not (also) domain experts - Ontologies are developed by experienced users who
become ontology modeling experts right away - Unrealistic that users learn ontology modeling
fast - Traditional ontology modeling methodologies are
treated as an overhead to their work process
time lag between the emergence of concepts and
their inclusion in ontologies are far too big for
ontologies to be useful
3Motivation, contd
The spaghetti-problem
Ontology food
Tasks use ontology for describing new web-pages
or images
- Challenges
- Ontologies never correct, constantly changing
- Integration of new ideas that emerge in users
workflow - Users familiar with simple tagging Requires
lightweight tools
Our approach A work-integrated process for
collaborative ontology maturing
In real world Spaghetti is not just
spaghetti Ask your preferred Italian cook
(domain expert) or a gastronome (user)
4Outline
- The ontology maturing model
- Important observations about ontologies
- Motivation and triggers for maturing activities
- The ontology maturing process
- Our tools for collaborative ontology maturing
- ImagenotionsImage based and collaborative
construction of ontologies - SOBOLEOSocial Bookmarking and Lightweight
Engineering of Ontologies
5Important observations about ontologies
- Ontology building - a learning process
- Individuals deepen their understanding
- of the real world
- of the vocabulary that describe the world
- emerging ideas impossible to integrate directly
- Barriers formality and complexity in usage
- Social bookmarking systems (e.g.
del.icio.us)informal, lightweight, easy-to-use,
and easy to understand. - Requirement ontology editing tools should be
easy to use - Ontologies continuously evolve in work processes
- Ontology building process of continuous
evolution - Concept ideas emerge in daily work
- Maturing of concepts through collaborative
interaction - gt Ontology building integration in the daily
work process
6Motivation and triggers for ontology editing
- Ontologies users expectation's
- Search results retrieve appropriate content,
Enhance their work performance - Description of contents publish for the
community (e.g. bookmarks, images) - Motivation and triggers for maturing activities
- Unsatisfied user expectations
- Incomplete search results
- Misspelling, synonyms, multilingualism
- Homonyms bad search results
- Description of own contents
- Missing concepts
- Mismatch of abstraction level
- Missing relations between concepts
7The ontology maturing process
All users
- Emergence of ideas
- Introduction of new concept ideas
- Representation with tags
- Consolidation in communities
- Reuse of tags from others
- Create concepts
- Add synonyms, separate homonyms
- Multilingualism tags in different languages
- Formalization
- Relations between concepts Hierarchies, ad-hoc
- Axiomatization
- Adding background knowledge
Experienced users / domain experts
Domain experts/knowledge engineers
8The ontology maturing model
missing concepts (mis-)spelling
synonyms multilingualism homonyms
Missing guidance
mismatch of abstraction level
- New sub concepts
- Thin spaghetti
- Thick spaghetti
spaghetti alla chitara
spaghetti vs. spagheti
ziti
9Our tools for collaborative ontology maturing
-
- Image based and collaborative construction of
ontologies - Current application domain semantic description
and search for images - By Andreas Walter and Gabor Nagypal
- SOBOLEO
- Social Bookmarking and Lightweight Engineering of
Ontologies
10Semantic description and search for images
- Tagging is standard for image descriptions
- Problems
- Convert tags to concepts
- Domain experts are not knowledge engineers
- Contents constantly change
- Solution Imagenotion
- An imagenotion graphically represents a semantic
notion - associate tags with an imagenotion
- Label titles, synonyms - in different languages
- It is possible to create relations between
imagenotions - Hierarchies, ad-hoc
- Different imagenotions with same label represent
homonyms
11Imagenotion
Image based and collaborative construction of
ontologies
Dog canis
Retriever
Labrador
Lab
Ball
Homonyms notebook
12The imagenotion methodology
- Step 1 Emergence of new ideas
- Introduction of new concept ideas
- Representation with tags
13Imagenotion methodology
- Step 2 Consolidation in communities
-
- Add synonyms, Multilingualism tags in different
languages
14Imagenotion methodology
- Step 2 Consolidation in communities, contd
-
- Split homonyms into two distinct imagenotions
15Imagenotion methodology
- Step 3 Formalization - relations
16Imagenotion methodology
Describing images with imagenotions
17Imagenotion future work
- Improvement and extension of the tool
- Imagenotion is the official tool for ontology
editing in the EU-funded project IMAGINATION - Export functionalities
- SKOS
- OWL-DL
- Evaluation of imagenotion in different setups
- Expert only only experts may generate
imagenotions - Collaborative everyone may manipulate
imagenotions - Collaborative version
- Integration of voting to reach a collaborative
agreement of ontologies
18Our tools for collaborative ontology maturing
- Imagenotion
- Image based and collaborative construction of
ontologies - SOBOLEO
- Social Bookmarking and Lightweight Engineering of
Ontologies - Current application domain Tagging of web
resources - By Simone Braun and Valentin Zacharias
19Overview
- SOBOLEO Social Bookmarking and Lightweight
Engineering of Ontologies - SOBOLEO is
- a tool for editing ontologies
- a tool for collecting and annotating web
resources as bookmarks - collaboratively usable
- web based accessible
Im Wissensnetz
20Procedure
- User finds a new web resource she wants to add to
the shared index - Annotating with concepts from the ontology or
arbitrary tags - Gathering arbitrary tags as prototypical
concepts for later consolidation and placement - Structuring concepts with taxonomic relations
according to the SKOS Core Vocabulary
Im Wissensnetz
21Adding annotations
- Collecting and annotating the current web
page from within the browser with a popup window - As bookmarklet
- Including full text content of the web page
- New tags are automatically added to the ontology
aufgenommen
Im Wissensnetz
22Editing annotations
23Searching shared index
1 Labels
2 Annotation
3 Ontology
4 Full Text
5 Refinement
6 Relaxation
Im Wissensnetz
24Conclusions and future work
- Our model of ontology maturing and tools allow
- Integrated ontology development with daily work
processes - Four different steps of ontology maturing
- The continuously evolvement in a maturing process
- Future Work
- Evaluations of our tools (already done in a
subsequent paper) - Refinement of our model based on evaluation
results - Thanks? Do you have questions?