Reference Architecture for Enterprise Integration CIMOSA GRAIGIM PERA

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Reference Architecturefor Enterprise Integration
CIMOSA GRAI/GIM PERA

• Dima Nazzal

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Definitions

• Enterprise a complex set of business processes
  that can be designed to accomplish a specific set
  of objectives.
• Enterprise integration (agile manufacturing,
  business process reengineering, CIM)
• The coordination of the operation of all elements
  of the enterprise working together in order to
  achieve the optimal fulfillment of the mission of
  that enterprise as defined by enterprise
  management.1
• Architecture
• A description (often graphical) of the structure
  of something 1.
• A structured plan, a framework on the basis of
  which a product or an organization of an
  enterprise can be constructed2

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Definitions

• Reference model a general model that can be
  used as a base to derive other models from.
• Reference Architecture is a structured set of
  models which represent the building blocks of the
  system.3
• Enterprise Integration Reference Architecture
  is a framework in which enterprise related
  concepts are organized.
• The most known reference architectures are
  CIMOSA, GRAI-GIM and PERA

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The Enterprise Model Requirements

• The enterprise model which fits the specific
  objectives of the particular enterprise should
• identify the different processes in the
  enterprise.
• contain the machines, the information, the
  transfer of information, the human involvement
  and the functions that have to be carried out.
• address design activities, manufacturing
  processes, the way materials are ordered, moved
  and transformed into products.

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Enterprise Modeling

• Enterprise modeling has to fulfill several
  requirements to achieve efficient and effective
  enterprise integration
• provide a modeling language easily understood by
  non-IT professionals, but sufficient for modeling
  complex industrial environments.
• provide a modeling framework which
• covers the life cycle of enterprise operation
  from requirements definition to end of life.
• enables focus on different aspects of enterprise
  operation by hiding those parts of the model not
  relevant for the particular point of view.
• supports re-usability of models or model parts

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Open System Architecture for CIM - CIMOSA

• In 1985, the ESPRIT Consortium AMICE started to
  work on the definition and specification of a CIM
  architecture for enterprise integration.
• CIMOSA (completed in 1996) is pre-modeling
  solution which provides a framework based on the
  system life cycle concept

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CIMOSA

• CIMOSA Reference Architecture supports the
  description of the enterprise, from the
  management level to the shop floor level
• CIMOSA consists of
• Enterprise modeling framework (reference
  architecture)
• Enterprise modeling language
• Integrating infrastructure

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CIMOSA Enterprise RA
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CIMOSA Enterprise Modeling Constructs (building
blocks)
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CIMOSA Process Based Enterprise Modeling
Domains with interacting Domain Processes
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CIMOSA Process Based Enterprise Modeling
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CIMOSA Process Based Enterprise Modeling
Decomposition of a Domain Process into Business
Processes and Enterprise Activities
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CIMOSA Process Based Enterprise Modeling
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CIMOSA Process Based Enterprise Modeling
Domain Process Representation as a network of
Enterprise Activities
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CIMOSA Process Based Enterprise Modeling
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CIMOSA Process Based Enterprise Modeling
Functional Operations executed by Functional
Entities (Resources)
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CIMOSA Process Based Enterprise Modeling
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CIMOSA Integrating Infrastructure

• The Integrating Infrastructure provides a set of
  service entities for model engineering and
  enterprise operation control.

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Relations between the Enterprise System Life
Cycle and the progress of the modeling process
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GIM-GRAI Integrated Methodology

• Developed by the laboratory for automation and
  production at the university of Bordeaux- France
  since 1970s.
• GIM is composed of the following elements
• GRAI conceptual model a representation of basic
  concepts of a manufacturing system decomposed
  into three sub-systems physical system, decision
  and information system.
• GIM modeling framework (RA) with three
  dimensions views, life cycle, and abstraction
  level.
• GIM structured approach guide to show how to
  perform analysis and design of the manufacturing
  system in three main phases analysis,
  user-oriented design, and technical-oriented
  design.
• GIM modeling formalisms (languages) GRAI grid
  and GRAI nets for decision system modeling, IDEF0
  and stock/resource for physical system modeling,
  ER for information system modeling, IDEF0 for
  functional system modeling.

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GIM Conceptual Model
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GIM Modeling Framework and RA
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GIM Structured Approach
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GIM Modeling Formalisms
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Purdue Enterprise Reference Architecture - PERA

• PERA was developed at Purdue University during
  the period 1989-91.
• The simplifying concepts of systems engineering
  in enterprise integration
• The mission
• Separation of functions
• Networks of tasks
• The place of the human
• The life cycle
• Planning and organization of the integration
  effort (the master plan)

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PERA - Enterprise Integration Project Phases
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PERA - Enterprise Integration Project Phases
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PERA RA
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PERA- Models and tools involved at each phase of
the life cycle
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GERAM

• The IFAC/IFIP Task Force on Architectures for
  Enterprise Integration was formed by IFAC (The
  International Federation of Automatic Control)
  and IFIP (The International Federation for
  Information Processing) in August 1990.
• The Task Force objective was to contribute a
  single, universally accepted architecture,
  framework, or model for enterprise integration.
• They developed the architectural specification
  GERAM (Generalized Enterprise Reference
  Architecture and Methodology).
• Task Force recognized three RA
• CIMOSA
• GRAI-GIM
• PERA
• The "matrix" model for GERAM was developed by
  combining the distinctive characteristics of each
  of three studied architectures into one diagram.

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Components of the GERAM Framework
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Comments on CIMOSA
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Comments on GIM-GRAI
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Comments on PERA
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References

• T. J. Williams. 1998. PERA and GERAM
  Enterprise Reference Architecture for Enterprise
  Integration. iies.www.ecn.purdue.edu/IIES/PLAIC/P
  ERA-GERAM_10-98.pdf
• http//cimosa.cnt.pl/Docs/Primer/primer0.htm
• D. Chen, B. Vallespir and G. Doumeingts. 1997.
  GRAI integrated methodology and its mapping onto
  generic enterprise reference architecture and
  methodology Computers in Industry. V33
  p387-394.
• G. Doumeingts B. Vallespir, and D. Chen. 1995.
  Methodologies for designing CIM systems A
  survey. V25 p263-280
• http//www.cit.gu.edu.au/bernus/taskforce/geram/v
  ersions/geram1-6-3/v1.6.3.html