The Changing Role of Faculty: Aligning Faculty Priorities and Societal Needs

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The Changing Role of FacultyAligning Faculty
Priorities and Societal Needs

• Academic Colloquia 2008
• Palestinian Faculty Development Program (PFDP)
• R. Eugene Rice
• Senior Scholar
• Association of American Colleges and Universities
• Washington, DC USA
• rice_at_aacu.edu

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Organizational Lifecycle
VI. Stable
V. Prime
VII. Institutionalized
IV. Adolescence
VIII. Early Bureaucracy
III. Go-Go Period
IX. Bureaucracy
II. Take-Off Stage
I.. Innovative Stage
X. Death
Triggering Conditions
Based on Ichak
Adizes
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Toward a Broader Definition of
Scholarship References 1990 Ernest Boyer,
Scholarship Reconsidered Priorities of the
Professoriate, The Carnegie Foundation for the
Advancement of TeachingA Special Report 2005
Kerry Ann O'Meara and R. Eugene Rice,
Faculty Priorities Rewarding Multiple Forms of
Scholarship
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Pressures for Change
From Focus On To Focus On
Faculty
Learning Generational Changing of the
Guard Growing interdependent global
(transnational) consciousness Diminished public
support and increased demand for
access Emergence of diversity as educational
value and catalyst What we are learning about
learning Individualistic ways of working
Collaboration My Work

Our Work Complete scholar
Unbundling of Networks for learning
(congruence) faculty role
Culture of unexamined
Culture of evidence assumptions
(evidence-based practice)

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• Managerial Culture
• Corporate Sector
• Bottom Line
• Accountability
• Efficiency
• Productivity
• Technical Leadership
• Managerial Professionals
• Quantitative
• Instrumental Knowledge
• Hierarchical
• Customer-oriented
• Worth

• Collegial Culture
• Liberal Arts (Athens)
• Research University (Berlin)
• Faculty-oriented
• Peer Review
• Peer Leadership
• Community of Scholars
• - Tenure
• - Academic Freedom
• Shared Governance
• Qualitative Judgments
• Substantive Knowledge
• Merit

• Collaborative Culture
• Learning Organization
• Bi-cultural
• Building on Both Cultures
• Alternative to the Two Economies
• Systemically-oriented
• Learning Centered

Market Economy
Prestige Economy
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• The Assumptive World of the Academic Professional
• RESEARCH is the central professional endeavor
  the focus of
• academic life.
• Quality is preserved through PEER REVIEW and
  the maintenance
• of PROFESSIONAL AUTONOMY.
• The pursuit of knowledge is best organized
  according to DISIPLINE.
• REPUTATIONS are established through NATIONAL
  and
• INTERNATIONAL PROFESSIONAL ASSOCIATIONS.
• Professional rewards and mobility accrue to
  those who persistently
• ACCENTUATE their SPECIALIZATION.
• The distinctive task of the academic profession
  is the pursuit of
• COGNITIVE TRUTH.

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The Overflowing Plate

• TEACHING
• PROFESSIONAL ENGAGEMENT
• PUBLIC ACCOUNTABILITY
• STUDENT EVALUATION
• ASSESSMENT OF LEARNING
• CROSSING KNOWLEDGE
• DOMAINS
• LOCAL NEEDS
• Institution building
• Broader community
• INTEGRATION OF KNOWLEDGE
• Bridging theory and practice

• RESEARCH
• PROFESSSIONAL
• AUTONOMY
• PEER REVIEW
• FOCUS ON DISCIPLINE
• PROFESSIONAL ASSOCIATIONS
• SPECIALIZATION

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CONCRETE CONNECTED KNOWING
Scholarship of Teaching
Scholarship of Integration
ACTIVE

REFLECTIVE PRACTICE OBSERVATION
Scholarship of Application
Scholarship of Discovery
ABSTRACT ANALYTIC KNOWING

• 1990 Carnegie Report Scholarship Reconsidered

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Scholarship on the Margins

Integrative Learning
Scholarly Teaching
Integration

Scholarship of Teaching and Learning
Interdisciplinary Research
Discovery
Engagement
Applied Research
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Concrete Connected Knowing
Scholarship of Teaching
Scholarship of Integration
Scholarship of Engagement

Scholarship of Discovery
Active Practice
Reflective Observation
Abstract Analytic Knowing
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Second-Order Changes

• Doctoral preparation
• Reward systems that encourage engaged scholarship
• Early-career scholars encouraged and supported
• Becoming a disciplinary association priority

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KNOWLEDGE FOR WHOM?
Academic Audiences External Audiences
INSTRUMENTAL PROFESSIONAL SOC POLICY
SOC KNOWLEDGE
Legitimacy Scientific norms
Effectiveness Accountability Peers
Clients/patrons Pathology
Self-referential
Service Politics Professional
Policy
self interest intervention
KNOWLEDGE FOR WHAT?
REFLEXIVE CRITICAL SOC
PUBLIC SOC KNOWLEDGE
Legitimacy Moral vision
Relevance Accountability Critical
intellectuals Designated
Publics Pathology Dogmatic
Faddish Politics Internal debate
Public dialogue
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National Survey Chief Academic Officers
(Reflects changes over 10 year period) Most
frequent changes 1. Expanding the definition of
scholarship used in faculty evaluation
policies 75.8 2. Incentive
grants to support multiple forms of
scholarship 74.6 3. Flexible workload
programs 40.5
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Reward Systems

• Scholarship of Teaching and Learning the
  Scholarship of Engagement
• - being rewarded at increasing rate
• BUT, research expectations rising at same time
• 2. Encouragement of institutional service also
  rising
• Success in tenure promotion has remained the
  same
• (7 in 10)
• 4. Reward systems supporting multiple forms of
  scholarship
• - leads to increased involvement in
  scholarship of
• teaching learning
• - engaged scholarship
• 
  From KerryAnn OMeara R. Eugene Rice
• Faculty Priorities
  Reconsidered, Jossey-Bass 2005

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• Scholarship Assessed
• Expectations for all forms of scholarly work
• Clear Goals
• Adequate Preparation
• 3. Appropriate Methods
• Significant Results
• Effective Presentation
• Reflective Critique
• Glassick, Huber and Maeroff, Scholarship
  Assessed